Gut Microbiota

Question 1

Microbiota

Answer 1

A community of microorganisms

Question 2

Microbiome

Answer 2

All the genes present in a community of microorganisms

Question 3

Metagenomics

Answer 3

The study of microbiomes

Question 4

Contributions of commensal bacteria

Answer 4

1. Vitamin synthesis, 2. digestion of dietary fiber, providing short chain fatty acids for hosts, 3. regulation of immune/inflamatory responses, 4. preventing colonization of pathogenic bacteria

Question 5

Probiotics

Answer 5

live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host

Question 6

Prebiotics

Answer 6

Non-digestable food ingredients that stimulate the growth and/or activity of bacteria in the digestive system in ways beneficial to health.