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Physiology MD3002 > Gut Microbiota > Flashcards

Flashcards in Gut Microbiota Deck (9)
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1
Q

Name a bacterium that can survive the acidic pH of the stomach

A

Helicobacter Pylori

2
Q

What is SIBO?

A

The overgrowth of bacteria in the small intestine. It is associated with IBS and certain drugs have been implicated such as protein pump inhibitors

3
Q

What are some of the defence mechanisms in the mouth, oesophagus and stomach

A

Mouth - Flow of liquids, saliva, antimicrobials (IgA), microbiota.

Oesophagus - Flow of liquids and peristalsis.

Stomach - pH and antimicrobials (Defensins)

4
Q

What are some defence mechanisms of the small intestine?

A

Flow of gut contents, peristalsis, mucus, secretory IgA, antimicrobial peptides and microbiota

5
Q

What are some defence mechanisms of the large intestines

A

Peristalsis, mucus, shedding and replication of epithelium and microbiota

6
Q

Name 3 common bacteria found in the GI tract

A

Lactobacillus, bifidobacterium and bacteriodes

7
Q

Why is the GI microbiota important?

A

1) Prevents colonisation by pathogens,
2) Ferment unused energy substrates and mucus to produce useful metabolites.

3) Synthesis and excrete vitamins,
4) Influence the release of gut hormones influencing digestion/metabolism.
5) Interact with immune system

8
Q

Low bacterial diversity has been associated with what?

A
  • IBD,
  • Psoriatic arthritis,
  • Coeliac disease,
  • Atopic eczema
  • Obesity
  • Mood disorders
9
Q

Name some factors that influence the microbiome

A
  • Genetics,
  • Food,
  • Environment,
  • Antibiotics (can wipe out healthy bacteria),
  • Drugs