Gynae

Question 1

What does the high vaginal charcoal swab test for?

Answer 1

BV, trichomonas, candida, group B strep

Question 2

Where do you swab for gonorrhea and with what?

Answer 2

Endocervical charcoal swab

Question 3

Where do you swab for chlamdydia?

Answer 3

Endocervical swab - break off into pot

Question 4

How does the COCP work?

Answer 4

Supresses LSH and FH so that no ovulation occurs and thicken cervical mucus

Question 5

Benefits of COCP

Answer 5

lower risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer

Question 6

Risks of COCP

Answer 6

VTE, MI, stroke, breast cancer, cervical cancer

Question 7

How does POP work?

Answer 7

inhibits some ovulation and thickens mucus, thins endometrium

Question 8

What is the window of delay for POP?

Answer 8

3 hours (apart from Cerazette - 12)

Question 9

Side effects of the depo

Answer 9

Irregular periods, weight gain, fertility delay 6 months, long term osterporosis

Question 10

How immediate is depo?

Answer 10

Need condoms one week

Question 11

How long can you have depo for?

Answer 11

Lasts 3 months, 3 years max - osteoporosis

Question 12

How quickly does your fertility come back after depo?

Answer 12

Up to 6 months

Question 13

How long does the IUD (copper) last?

Answer 13

5-10 years

Question 14

How immediate is the IUD (copper)

Answer 14

Very - can be used as emergency contraception

Question 15

What are the risks/side effects of the IUD (copper)?

Answer 15

Spotting, bleeding, menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea

Question 16

What else can the IUS (mirena) be used for?

Answer 16

Menorrhagia, endometriosis, dyamenorrhea

Question 17

Absolute contraindications to home birth

Answer 17

Full placenta praevia
transverse lie (C section needed)
premature

Question 18

What is the diagnostic critieria for gestational diabetes

Answer 18

Fasting >5.6

2 hour >7.8

Question 19

What strains does the HPV vaccine prevent against?

Answer 19

6,11,16,18

Question 20

What age do you give HPV vaccine?

Answer 20

12-13

Question 21

Degrees of perineal tears

Answer 21

1st degree - mucosa only
2nd - subcut tissue
3rd - external anal sphincter
4th - internal anal sphincter

Question 22

Symptoms of endometriosis

Answer 22

Deep dysparaunia
Severe cyclical pain
Fertility problems

Question 23

Bicornate uterus

Answer 23

heart shaped uterus

increased risk of recurrent miscarrage

Question 24

Uterine fibroids typical presentation

Answer 24

30-50
Menorrhagia
Infertility

Question 25

Placental Abruption

Answer 25

Sudden abdo pain 3rd hypovolaemic shock potentially no visible bleeding - can be contained in uterus

Question 26

Complications of Diabetes in Pregnancy

Answer 26

``` Prem Miscarriage/stillborn Polyhydramnios Infection C Section ```

Question 27

Complications of Smoking in Pregnancy

Answer 27

``` IUGR Miscarriage/still birth Premature Placental issues SIDS ```

Question 28

Complications of Obesity in Pregnancy

Answer 28

``` NTD Gestational DM C Section HTN VTE ```

Question 29

Diet advice for pregnancy

Answer 29

Vit D supplement if risk group 5aday and wash all before Avoid uncooked meat, unpasteurised, caffiene

Question 30

Features of FAS

Answer 30

Typical facial abnormalities IUGR and FTT Neuro developemental; learning disability, cognitive, behavioural problems urogenital, cardiac, musculoskeletal, hearing

Question 31

Facial anomalies of FAS

Answer 31

``` Microcephaly Flat phiitrum Thin upper lip Retrognathia Low nasal Micropthamia, short palpebral fissures Cleft palate ```

Question 32

Facial anomalies of Downs

Answer 32

``` Brachycephaly Oblique palpebral fissures Epicanthic folds Iris speckes - Brushfieds spots ow set ears Flat nasal bridge High arched palate, protruding tongue ```

Question 33

What does the heel prick test for?

Answer 33

``` 6-8w PKU Congenital hypothyroid Sickle cell CF MCAD Homocystinuria MSUD Glutaric aciduria Isovaleric acidaemia ```

Question 34

Tx for BV

Answer 34

Metronidazole

Question 35

Features of BV

Answer 35

thin white discharge clue cells vaginal pH >4.5 whiff test

Question 36

Features Trichomonas Vaginalis

Answer 36

Green frothy offensive | Strawberry cervix

Question 37

Tx for Trichomonas Vaginalis

Answer 37

Metronidazole

Question 38

Features of Chlamydia

Answer 38

thin mild odour discharge dysuria IMB dyspareunia

Question 39

Tx for chlamydia

Answer 39

IM cef and oral azithromycin

Question 40

Premature Ovarian Failure definition

Answer 40

menopausal sx + elevated gonadotrophins (FSH, LH)

Question 41

Causes of premature ovarian failure

Answer 41

Idiopathic Chemo Autoimmune Radiation

Question 42

MI management: | What drugs should everyone w/o CI be given?

Answer 42

aspirin clopidogrel LMWH

Question 43

MI management: | Who do you give O2 to?

Answer 43

Sats

Question 44

MI management: | When do you PCI?

Question 45

MI management: | When ans how do you thrombolyse?

Answer 45

tPA (alteplase, tenecteplase) ECG 90 after to look for 50% reduction in ST if not then PCI

Question 46

MI management: | Glycaemic control

Answer 46

insulin infusion to keep BM

Question 47

VBAC

Answer 47

Ok if no prev rupture and less than 3 prev C sections Higher risk of rupture if induced or prolonged 1 in 4 end in C section

Question 48

Parity+Gravida

Answer 48

No of pregs carried to 24w (viability) | No of fetuses ever in uterus

Question 49

Placenta praevia classic presentation

Answer 49

Painless bright red bleeding after 24w

Question 50

Threatened miscarriage

Answer 50

Painless bleeding before 24w | Os closed

Question 51

Missed miscarriage

Answer 51

dead fetus before 20w w/o sx of explusion light bleeding os closed

Question 52

Inevitable miscarriage

Answer 52

heavy bleeding, clots and pain | os open

Question 53

Incomplete miscarriage

Answer 53

not all products expelled pain and bleeding os open