Gynaecology - Ovarian Cancer (Mind Maps)

Question 1

Ovarian Cancer?

What is it?

Answer 1

Uncontrolled differentiation and proliferation of ovarian tissue:

• 90% from epithelial tissue
• Secondarily from metastasis (Krukenberg tumour from GI)

Risk Factors: (ABCDE)

A - Increasing Age

B - BRAC1/BRAC2 genes

C - COCP is protective

D - Duration of ovulation (ie nulliparity/early menarche/late menopause

E - Endometriosis

Question 2

Ovarian Cancer?

Symptoms?

Answer 2

Symptoms generally vague:

• Abdo pain/bloating
• Intermenstrual/post-coital bleeding
• Early satiety
• Symptoms of bladder dysfunction
• General symptoms of malignancy

Question 3

Ovarian Cancer?

Investigations?

Answer 3

• General bloods
• Tumour markers CA 125
• Radiology - Transvaginal USS
• CT/MRI pelvis for staging
• Surgery: Laparotomy/diagnostic with biopsy
• Stage - FIGO
• Risk of malignancy index (RMI)
• RMI = (USS score x menopausal score x CA125 measure ment)

Question 4

Ovarian Cancer?

Treatment?

Answer 4

Depends on FIGO stage and/or if metastasized:

Conservative:

• Patient education

Medical:

• Chemo/radiotherapy

Surgical:

• Oophorectomy
• Salpingectomy (removal of fallopian tubes)
• Hysterectomy
• Omentectomy (removal of omentum)