Gyne & Breast

Question 1

2 types of view in mammography :

Answer 1

Mediolateral oblique view ( MLO)
Craniocaudal view (CC)

Question 2

Mammography benign breast mass
Describe:

Answer 2

Regular opacification with halo sign

Question 3

Benign breast mass = BIRAD ..
Malignant breast mass = BIRAD ..

Answer 3

BIRAD 2 > Uss +- biopsy
BIRAD 5. > uss + biopsy

Question 4

Signs of malignant breast mass
In mammography :

Answer 4

Speculation
More than 3 lobulation
Nipple retraction !!

Question 5

Calicification on breast mammography
Can be :

Answer 5

Benign “ BIRAD2”or malignant “BIRAD 5”

Question 6

Benign breast calcification on mammography
Shapes :

Answer 6

Lucent center
Egg shell
Pop corn
Cigar shaped “ rod like”
Vascular

> 5 mm

Question 7

Malignant breast calcification
Appear in mammography as :

Answer 7

Microcalcification without lucent center

<5mm

Question 8

Uss breast
An echoic mass with posterior acoustic enhancement
Dx :

Answer 8

Simple cyst
“ width> height , horizontal on the skin “
BIRAD 2

Question 9

Cyst with echogenic band

Answer 9

Homorrhagic cyst
Benign cyst
Complex cyst

+ posterior enhancement

Question 10

Hyperechoic cyst with posterior acoustic enhancement
On uss , Dx:

Answer 10

Breast abscess
BIRAD3

Question 11

Uss
Fibroadenoma
Describe :

Answer 11

Hyperechoic mass with posterior central enhancement & 2 peripheral shadows “ !!”
BIRAD 3

Question 12

Uss
Breast CA
Describe :

Answer 12

Irregular
Height > width “ vertical on skin “
+- shadow

BIRAD 5

Question 13

Modalities can be used in pregnant lady :

Answer 13

TVUS
TAUS
MRI

Question 14

Uses of uss in obstetrics

Answer 14

In normal pregnancy
- early pregnancy scan
- mid pregnancy scan “ anomaly scan”
-late pregnancy scan

In abnormal pregnancy

Question 15

Uss
Gestational sac
Confirms ….
Seen at …….
Surrounded by ………………
Can be used for dating but has +- ..days

Answer 15

Intrauterine pregnancy
4.5 weeks
Descidual reaction
5 days

Question 16

Yolk sac seen at ……..
differentiate between ………from ………..
Number of yolk sacs determines ……

Answer 16

5 weeks
True form psuedogestational sac

Number of embryos

Question 17

Developing embryo pole
Seen at … weeks
Heart beat is seen at CRL of ..mm vaginally

Answer 17

6 weeks vaginally

5 mm

Question 18

Ectopic pregnancy
Triad by uss

Answer 18

Empty uterus
Adnexal mass
Free fluid in Douglas pouch

Question 19

Empty ovum
No ….
Sac can be ….
Weak ……
If unsure repeat after 1 weeks

Answer 19

No yolk sac or fetal pole at sac diameter of 20 mm transvaginally

Irregular
Weak decidual reaction.

Question 20

Molar pregnancy
Uss :

Answer 20

Snow storm appearance “ echogenic mass with multiple cystic spaces “

• very high Bhcg
• theca leutin cyst in both ovaries

Question 21

Crown rump length
Measure from … to ….
Heart beat is seen at CRL of 5mm by TV scan equivalent to ….. weeks

Answer 21

From top of the head to rump

Most accuracy in pregnancy dating

6.2 weeks

Question 22

Uss at 3rd trimester
Check for fetal life
Positive cardiac activity

Fetal death
- absence of cardiac activity for at least …-…. Minutes
Ideally confirmed by …..

Answer 22

2-3 minutes

2 or more examiners

Question 23

Uss bladder
Bladder need to be …..

Answer 23

Full bladder

Question 24

Uss
Irregular echogenic mass extend from wall of bladder
Dx :
Next step :

Answer 24

Urinary bladder tumour
Cystoscopy with biopsy

Question 25

Best modality in urinary bladder tumour is ….

Answer 25

MRI

Question 26

Urinary bladder tumour By Uss are appear as irrregular echogenic mass arise form wall of urinary bladder Causing ….. in contrast Study

Answer 26

Filling defect ! CT axial pelvis with IV contrast

Question 27

Urinary bladder diverticulum Characterized by ……. Causes : Complication : Pre diverticulum lesion = …….

Answer 27

Neck ! Distal obstruction Can be congenital Urine stasis = recurrent cystitis Lead to stone formation Cancer “ due to repetitive irritation by stone “ Trabeculation

Question 28

U.B diverticulum Describe :

Answer 28

Cystogram Secular Outpouching of the U.B with multiple trabeculations Neck is very characteristic

Question 29

Nulliparous women should dilate at …. cm/hour, and multiparous women should dilate at …. cm/hour.

Answer 29

Nulliparous women should dilate at 1.2 cm/hour, and multiparous women should dilate at 1.5 cm/hour.

Question 30

Radiological features of malignant breast mass

Answer 30

Opacification with irregular margin , spiculated or ill defined , more than 3 lobulation Nipple retraction Skin thickening Vertical on skin & may give shadowing on uss