Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

OB/Gynecology > Gynecology > Flashcards

Gynecology Flashcards

(83 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

4 parts of fallopian tube?

A

interstitial, intramural, ampulla, infundibulum with fimbriae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where do the ovaries lie?

A

Fossa of Waldeyer within peritoneal cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where do the ovarian veins drain?

A

Left drains into left renal vein

Right drains into IVC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which days are proliferative phase?

A

Days 6-13

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which days are secretory phase?

A

Days 14-28

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Amenorrhea?

A

No menses at all

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Role of Estrogen?

A

Female body characteristics, bone health, inhibits new follicle growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Role of Progesterone?

A

Thickens endometrium, thickens cervical mucus, etc - increased in secretory phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Endometrial hyperplasia in post-menopause patient?

A

> 5mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

PMB causes?

A

Endometrial atrophy, submucosal fibroids, endometrial lesions - ca, polyps, hyperplasia, vaginal dryness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is hematometrocolpos?

A

Blood within uterus + vagina, unable to empty.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can cause hematometrocolpos?

A

Imperforate hymen, stenosis, atresia, vaginal septum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a Gartner Duct Cyst?

A

cyst in vaginal wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What causes a Gartner Duct Cyst?

A

remnant of mesonephric duct aka Wolffian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is PID?

A

Infection of upper genital tract - in sexually active. Pelvic pain with high WBC. Caused by infections such as Chlamydia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is Rhabdomyosarcoma?

A

Most common malignant vaginal or uterine tumor in children. “cluster of grapes” appearance - polypoid like mass.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Most common ovarian neoplasm?

A

Germ cell tumor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Sonographic findings of ovarian torsion?

A

“whirlpool sign”, unilateral enlarged ovary, no colour flow seen within affected ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Symptoms associated with ovarian torsion?

A

pelvic pain, high WBC, fever nausea, vomiting, abdominal swelling, palpable mass, pain radiating from flank to groin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Define precocious puberty.

A

sexual maturation before age 8 in girls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Primary cause of pseudo precocious puberty.

A

Granulosa Theca cell tumors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Sonographic findings of pseudo precocious puberty.

A

Unilateral ovarian enlargement with macrocysts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which ducts develop into female organs?

A

Paramesonephric ducts aka Mullerian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

When do uterine congenital anomalies occur?

A
  1. arrested development
  2. failure of fusion
  3. failure of resorption
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Results of arrested development?
agenesis of uterus, uterus unicornuate - assoc. with horseshoe kidney
26
Results of failure of fusion?
1. complete uterus didelphys | 2. partial uterus didelphys - bicollis or unicollis
27
Results of failure of resorption?
1. septate uterus 2. subseptate uterus (partial) 3. arcuate uterus
28
Large functional cyst, multilocular, bilateral, high levels of bHCG, associated w/ GTD, OHSS
Theca lutein cysts
29
Tiny, peripheral echogenic spots on ovaries which can mimic calcifications, found in post-menopause.
Surface epithelial inclusion cysts
30
Numerous small follicles surrounding periphery of ovary, aka Stein-Levathal syndrome. Bilaterally enlarged ovaries.
PCOS
31
Symptoms of PCOS.
Hirsutism (male characteristics), infertility, oligo/amenorrhea, obesity, anovulation
32
Complication of fertility treatment where numerous thin-walled cysts replace ovarian tissue.
OHSS aka ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
33
Most common ovarian tumors.
Epithelial
34
Ovarian tumor with thin septations/unilocular. 2nd most common benign tumor.
serous cystadenoma
35
Most common malignant ovarian tumor. Multilocular with thick septations.
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
36
Large benign cystic ovarian mass (up to 30 cm). Multilocular with thin septations.
Mucinous cystadenoma
37
Complex ovarian mass which can lead to "jelly belly" aka pseudomyxoma peritonei which can appear as ascites. Carcinogenic sticky jelly can metastasize.
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma
38
Malignant cystic ovarian mass with papillary projections. 50-60 yrs old. Increased risk of endometrial ca or endometriosis.
Endometroid
39
Variant of endometroid ca. Complex cystic ovarian mass. 50-70 yrs old.
Clear cell carcinoma
40
Rare, usually benign solid ovarian tumor with possible peripheral calcifications. Usually unilateral. Aka Brenner Tumor.
TCC
41
Most common benign ovarian tumor.
Cystic teratoma aka dermoid (germ cell tumor)
42
Mostly cystic with echogenic nodule in ovary. Adolescent benign tumor.
Dermoid/Rokitansky nodule/Cystic teratoma/Mature teratoma
43
Small malignant unilateral solid ovarian mass. Elevated AFP and found in adolescence.
Immature teratoma
44
Solid malignant hyperechoic ovarian mass found in adolescence. Will cause amenorrhea and AFP will not be elevated.
Dysgerminoma
45
Rare, malignant palpable ovarian mass found in adolescence. Elevated AFP.
Endodermal sinus tumor aka yolk sac
46
Solid, malignant, echogenic ovarian mass composed of thyroid tissue. Elevates TSH. Central colour flow visualized.
Struma ovarii
47
Benign, unilateral ovarian tumor with ascites & pleural effusion. Aka Meigs Syndrome.
Fibroma
48
Benign estrogen producing ovarian mass. Post-menopausal women.
Thecoma
49
Which 3 ovarian tumors must be distinguished by a pathologist?
Fibroma, thecoma, granulosa cell tumor
50
Low malignant potential, estrogen producing ovarian tumor. Potential precocious puberty.
Granulosa cell tumor
50
Low malignant potential, estrogen producing ovarian tumor. Potential precocious puberty.
Granulosa cell tumor
50
Low malignant potential, estrogen producing ovarian tumor. Potential precocious puberty.
Granulosa cell tumor
51
Unilateral solid hyperechoic ovarian mass. 30% are masculinizing due male hormone secretions. Usually benign, but malignant potentional. Women under 30.
Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor/androblastoma/arrhenoblastoma
52
Specific ovarian mets, originating from the GI tract. Often bilateral.
Krukenberg tumor
53
Thickened endometrium due to unopposed estrogen
endometrial hyperplasia
54
Mass that grows from endometrial lining and projects into lumen.
endometrial polyp
55
Causes of endometrial polyps.
1. tamoxifen 2. diabetes 3. HTN 4. obesity 5. 40-50 yrs old
56
Main causes of hematometrocolpos.
imperforate hymen, cervical stenosis
57
Bridging of tissue over endometrial cavity. Aka Asherman syndrome.
uterine synechiae
58
What increases the risk of uterine synechiae?
D & C, biopsy, PID
59
Diffuse endometrial tissue within myometrium. Will cause dysmenorrhea & menorrhagia.
adenomyosis
60
Sonographic findings with adenomyosis.
Myometrial cysts, streaky shadowing "venetian blind", heterogenous echotexture
61
Benign, estrogen dependent uterine tumor of smooth muscle and connective tissue.
Leiomyoma aka fibroid
62
Necrotic or degenerated tissue due to scars, leiomyomas, etc.
dystrophic calcifications
63
Diffuse inflammation of the upper genital female tract due to infection. Caused by STI, incomplete abortion, surgery, etc.
PID
64
Sonographic findings of PID.
Fluid in endometrium, irregular endometrial borders, thickened fallopian tube walls.
65
Inflammation of endometrium. Usually post-partum. Thickened, heterogenous endometrium with fluid in cavity or cul-de-sac.
Endometritis
66
Inflammation of fallopian tubes. "cogwheel sign" or "beads on a string".
Salpingitis
67
Infection of the ovary and fallopian tube with a pocket of pus. Can lead to sepsis. Late complication of PID.
Tubo-ovarian abscess
68
Adhesions between liver and abdominal wall.
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome
69
Paraovarian cysts are also known as- and rise from where?
Cysts of Morgagni, arise from fallopian tube
70
Endometrial cells adhere to tissues outside of endometrial cavity. Can lead to scar tissue and adhesion formation, cyclic pain and infertility.
endometriosis
71
Mass filled with old blood.
Chocolate cyst aka endometrioma
72
Collection of inflammatory material and pus.
Abscess
73
Complex collection of blood. No WBC.
Hematoma
74
Sausage shaped mass with papillary projections in post-menopausal women.
Fallopian tube ca
75
Most common gynaecological malignancy.
Endometrial ca
76
Thickened endometrium with increased vascularity and ill-defined borders. Usually found in post-menopausal women with bleeding.
Endometrial ca
77
Complex and rapid growing malignancy of the myometrium.
Leiomyosarcoma
78
Risk factors for leiomyosarcoma.
Women over 60 yrs old, obesity, pelvic radiation, tamoxifen
79
Most common primary malignant vaginal or uterine tumor in children. "cluster of grapes" polypoid-like mass
Rhabdomyosarcoma
80
Malignant tumor of the vagina.
Endodermal sinus tumor
81
Metrorrhagia
Abnormal uterine bleeding

OB/Gynecology (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions