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Obstetrics And Gynecology > Gynecology > Flashcards

Gynecology Flashcards

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1
Q

Most common large cyst of the vulva

A

BARTHOLIN’S GLAND CYST

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2
Q

Most common benign solid tumors of the vulva

A

FIBROMA

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3
Q

Rare, small, benign vulvar tumor that originates from apocrine sweat glands of the inner surface of the labia majora and nearby perineum

A

HIDRADENOMA

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4
Q

A very rare, cystic, asymptomatic, benign adenoma of the eccrine sweat glands.

A

SYRINGOMA

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5
Q

Chronic eruption of shiny, violaceous papules that involves inner aspects of the vulva

A

LICHEN PLANUS

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6
Q

Whitish change in vulvar skin wherein epithelium becomes markedly thinned with loss or blunting of the rete ridges and with “cigarette paper” appearance

A

LICHEN SCLEROSUS

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7
Q

Most frequent non-squamous cells malignancy of the vulva

A

Melanoma

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8
Q

Most commonly used treatment for VAIN

A

CO2 laser vaporization

Vaporizes the abnormal tissue without shortening or narrowing the vagina

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9
Q

Topical medication for VAIN

A

5-FU cream

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10
Q

Treatment of choice for VAIN

A

Wide local excision (upper vaginectomy)

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11
Q

Most common vaginal malignancy

A

Metastatic (primary is rare)

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12
Q

Dysontogenic cyst in the anterior lateral wall of the vagina that arises from mesonephros

A

Gartner duct cyst

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13
Q

Dysontogenic cyst in the upper half of the vagina that arises from perimesonephrium

A

Mullerian cyst

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14
Q

Dysontogenic cyst in the vagina that arises from urogenital sinus

A

Vestibular cyst

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15
Q

Most troublesome type of myoma clinically

A

Submucosal (prone to bleeding and distort the uterine cavity)

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16
Q

T or F: Leiomyoma has capsule

A

False. No true capsule. Only pseudocapsule

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17
Q

Most common degeneration on leiomyoma

A

Hyaline; also the mildest

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18
Q

Classic sign of leiomyosarcoma

A

Disturbing symptoms after menopause

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19
Q

Associated disease in leiomyoma wherein benign smooth muscle fiber severely invade the venous channels of the pelvis and abdominal peritoneum resembling spaghetti tumor grossly

A

Intravenous leiomyomatosis

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20
Q

Associated disease in leiomyoma which is a benign disease with multiple small nodules over the surface of the pelvic and abdominal peritoneum

A

Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata

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21
Q

Most common location of endometrial polyps

A

Fundus

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22
Q

Most common location of leiomyoma in the uterus

A

Body of the uterus

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23
Q

Uterine mass that appears as swiss cheese cystic hyperplasia

A

Endometrial polyp

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24
Q

Endometrial hyperplasia with grearest pre-malignant potential

A

Atypical complex hyperplasia

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25
Most active single agent in treatment of leiomyosarcoma
Doxorubicin
26
Normal length of cervix
2-3 cm
27
Lines the endocervical canal
Single layer of columnar epithelium
28
Cervical layer where thete is large nuclear to cytoplasmic ratio with immature cells
Parabasal layer
29
Cervical layer where there is several layers of cuboidal cells and with presence of mitotic figures (active division)
Parabasal layer
30
Cervical layer that is obtained during absence of hormones such as in menopause
Parabasal layer
31
Cervical layet that is mostly seen in secretory phase and in pregnancy
Intermediate layer
32
Cervical layer that is related to progesterone predominance
Intermediate layer
33
Cervical layer where nucleus is small or pyknotic nuclei
Superficial layer
34
Most mature cervical layet
Superficial layer
35
Cervical layer that is related to estrogen predominance and obtained during proliferative phase
Superficial layer
36
Special intermediate cells in the cervix during pregnancy
Navicular cells
37
CIN 1 involves what part of basal epithelium
1/3
38
CIN II involves what part of basal epithelium
2/3
39
CIN III involves what part of basal epithelium
>2/3 but not full thickness
40
Carcinoma in situ of the cervix involves what part of basal epithelium
Full thickness
41
Proteins produced by HPV virus
E6 and E7
42
When will subclinical HPV infection be treated?
6 months after if the woman is not able to clear the infection on her own
43
Pap smear screening for low risk individuals
Every 2-3 years
44
Pap smear screening for high risk individuals
Annually
45
Diagnostic test wherein patient is in lithotomy position; cotton ball is dipped to a lugol's solution and placed inside the cervix
Schiller's test
46
Dark brown cells after schiller's test
Normal; cells with glycogen takes up iodine
47
Pale cells after schiller's test of the cervix
Abnormal; abnormal cells have decrease in glycogen hence, does not take up iodine (+) schiller's test
48
Aceto white epithelium after acetic acid wash test of the cervix is
Abnormal; The faster it turns white, the higher the grade of CIN
49
Diagnostic method of choice for the evaluation of most Pap smear abnormalities
Colposcopy
50
A low power binocular microscope that is mounted on a stand that is used to view the uterine cervix after a speculum had been introduced into the vagina
Colposcopy
51
Mainstay management or CIN before cryotherapy anf laser
Cautery
52
Most common manifestation of cervical cancer
Fungating, exophytic tumor
53
Barrel shaped cervix
Cancer; endocervical
54
Most common histologic type of SCC in the cervix
Large cell; non-keratinizing type
55
Type of cervical carcinoma that is not affected by sexual factors
Adenocarcinoma
56
Most common cervical CA
SCC
57
Most common site of cervical adenocarcinoma
Endocervix
58
Which has better prognosis: HPV + or - cervical cancer?
HPV (-)
59
Stage of cervical CA wherein tumor is confined to the cervix
Stage I
60
Stage of cervical CA wherein there is microinvasion
Stage IA
61
Stage of cervical CA wherein tumor is spread to upper 2/3 of the vagina
IIA
62
Stage of cervical CA wherein tumor spread to paracervical tissue but not to the pelvic wall
Stage IIB (paramedia)
63
Stage of cervical CA wherein tumor spread to lower third of vagina
Stage IIIA
64
Stage of cervical CA wherein tumor spread to pelvic wall or obstruction of either ureter by tumor
IIIB
65
Stage of cervical CA wherein tumor spread to mucosa of bladder or rectum or outside pelvis
IV
66
Treatment for stage IA cervical CA
Hysterectomy
67
Treatment for stage IB and IIA cervical cancer
Radical hysterectomy with pelvic lymphadenopathy plus radiotherapy (if positive pelvic nodes)
68
3 long term complications of radical hysterectomy
Small bowel obstruction Ureterovaginal fistula Bladder dysfunction
69
Treatment of Stage IIB to IVB
Radiotherapy
70
4 drugs that may be used in the induction chemotherapy of cervical CA IB to IVA
Cisplatin, vincristine, mitomycin, bleomycin
71
Ligament that support the ovaries laterally
Infundibulopelvic ligament
72
Ligament that support the ovaries medially
Ovarian ligament
73
Ligament that support the ovaries inferiorly
Mesovarium
74
Most common cystic structure in normal ovary
Follicular cyst
75
Least common functional ovarian cyst
Theca-lutein cyst
76
Lobulated ovarian cyst containing strawberry fluid with multiloculations
Theca lutein cyst
77
Largest among the 3 functional ovarian cyst
Theca lutein cyst
78
Benign hyperplastic reaction if the theca lutein cells during pregnancy; masculinization of the mother
Luteoma of pregnancy
79
Most effective medical treatment for endometrioma
GnRH agonist
80
Ovarian cyst or tumor that is most prone to torsion
Dermoid (due to presence of sebum which makes it float)
81
Simplr cyst found adjacent to ovary that is a remnant of Mullerian duct
Paraovarian cyst
82
What is the size of ovary for it tonbe considered abnormal?
>5 cm
83
5-8 cm cyst, thin walled, with clear fluid in premenopausal age group, unilocular and anechoic
Functional cyst
84
Ovary greater than 8 cm, multilocular, partially solid
Neoplastic ``` If purely cystic - benign If mixed (cystic and solid) - malignant ```
85
Leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies
Ovarian CA
86
Most frequent ovarian neoplasm
Epithelial stronal tumors
87
Most common epithelial stromal ovarian tumor
Serous tumors
88
Solid epithelial ovarian tumor that is almost always benign
Brenner tumor
89
Psammoma bodies is seen in what ovarian tumor
Serous cyst adenocarcinoma
90
Tumor marker for mucinous ovarian tumor
CEA
91
Most common and earliest mode of spread of cervical CA
Exfoliation of cells
92
Most frequently used chemotherapy for ovarian CA
Melphalan, PO q28 days for 5 years Other drugs: cisplatin, carboplatin, paclitaxel
93
Most common malignang germ cell tumor
Dysgerminoma
94
Only ovarian tumor sensitive to radiotherapy
Dysgerminoma
95
Most common benign non-epithelial ovarian tumor
Mature teratoma
96
Schiller duval bodies
Yolk sac tumors
97
Call exner bodies
Granulosa stromal cell tumor
98
Tumor marker for granulosa cell tumor
Inhibin
99
Most common benign solid neoplasm of the ovary
Fibroma
100
Ovarian fibroma, hydrothorax and ascites
Meig's syndrome
101
Cut surface of this ovarian tumor is white or yellow, wide solid tissue with whorled appearance
Fibroma

Obstetrics And Gynecology (2 decks)

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