H AND P Flashcards
(124 cards)
1
Q
macule
A
flat lesion
2
Q
patch
A
flat lesion >1cm
3
Q
papule
A
superficial raised
4
Q
plaque
A
superficial raised >1cm
5
Q
nodule
A
deep raised
6
Q
tumor
A
deep raised >1cm
7
Q
vesicle
A
serum filled
8
Q
bulla
A
serum filled >1cm
9
Q
petechi
A
hemorrhagic
10
Q
purpura/ecchymosis
A
hemorrhgic >3mm
11
Q
telangiectasia
A
vascular
12
Q
wheal/urticaria/hive
A
transiet well defined erythema and edema
13
Q
cyst
A
fluid filled sac
14
Q
closed comedone
A
white head in hair follicle
15
Q
open comedone
A
blackhead in hair follicle
16
Q
scale
A
epidermal accumulation- keratinocyte accumulation
17
Q
crust
A
epidermal accumulation- scale w/ RBC WBC and serum
18
Q
lichenification
A
epidermal accumulations epidermal thickening w accentuated skin lines
19
Q
desquamation
A
epidermal accumulation shedding of sheets of keratinocytes
20
Q
atrophy
A
skin thickness change- decrease in epidermal dermal or subcutaneous thickness
21
Q
hypertrophic scar
A
skin thickness changes- thick scar that stays within the boundary of lesion
22
Q
keloid
A
skin thickness change- scar that extends beyound boundary of lesion
23
Q
stria
A
skin thickness change- linear atrophy w fragmented collagen/elastin fibers
24
Q
fissure
A
break in skin surface- linear
25
erosion
break in skin surface- partial epidermal loss
26
excoriation
break in skin surface- trauma induced (scratching pricking)
27
ulcer
break in skin surface- fulll thickness epidermal loss
28
pustule
pus accumulation= superficial
29
abscess
pus acumulation= deep
30
annular
ring
31
nummular
circular/oval
32
polycyclic or arcutate
curved like bow
33
serpiginous
creeping
34
targetoid
bulls eye like
35
curette
bbc- fragmented specimen- secondary closure
36
sissor biopsy
pedunculated tumor- tissue abve connection to the epidermis-- secondary closure
37
shave biopsy
superficial process elevated above surrounding skin-- epidermis and superficial dermis sample -- secondary closure
38
incisional biopsy
lesion in deep subcutaneous fat or fascia--primary layered closure
39
punch biopsy
depressed lesion or process primarily in dermis-- primary layered closure
40
excision in toto
lesions not uniform in path-- full thickness and subcutaneous tissue sample -- primary layered closure
41
trichotilomania
pulling out hair
42
alopecia totalis
loss of all hair
43
alopecia areata
localized nonscarring hair loss
44
hiruitism
excessive hair growth
45
what is indicative of loss of leg hair?
peripheral vascular disease
46
order of skin inspection
head to toe, front to back, sun exposed and hidden areas
47
5 description of lesion
asymmetry, border, color, diameter, location
48
capillary refill time
49
What to do for opthalology exam
1. check vision
2. shine light on pupils
3. check ocular motility
50
CN for accommadation
CN III
51
CN for afferent defect
CN II
52
anisocoria
unequal pupils
53
superior rectus
CN III -- up and out
54
inferior rectus
CN III -- down and out
55
medial rectus
CN III
56
inferior oblique
CN III-- up and in
57
superior oblique
CN IV -- down and in
58
lateral rectus
CN VI
59
strabismus-- what test
improper alignment
| Hirschberg test
60
Visual fields: temporally
100-110 degrees
61
Visual fields: nasally and upward
60 degrees
62
Visual fields nasally and downward
70 degrees
63
What is the blind spint
optic nerve
64
damage in front of the chiasm
unilateral visual loss
65
damage in back of chiasm
bilateral visual loss
66
optic cup: disc ration
1:3
67
normal ocular pressure:
68
fundus
posterior eye structures
69
posterior eye structures
retina, optic n, macula, fovea
70
macula
yellow area, highest visual acuity
71
myopia
nearsighted, long eye, minus lens
72
hyperopia
farsighted, short eye, plus lens
73
presbiopia
loss of lens flex, bifocals
74
dilate eyes with:
neosynephrine (CONTRAINDICATED IN pregmant heart attack/stroke, SOB)
75
Pilocarpine
reverse dilation
76
proptosis
exalopthalmus: GRAVES
77
what are floaters
liquefaction of vitreous
78
flashes of light indicates?
retina tearing
79
cherry red spot indicates what?
the macula
80
glaucoma open angle
painless vision loss
81
angle closure glaucoma
painful vision loss
82
Disc, Retina, Vessels of a normal fundus
Disc: clear outline, central cup is pale
Retina: red/orange, macula is dark avascular
Vessels: arteral 2 venous 3 ratio
83
veins and arteries
veins on top
84
Marcus Gun Pupil
1 constricts and other dilates when light shines into it
85
near sight correction
RED
86
far sight correction
GREEN
87
Anterior triangle
SCM, mandible, neck midline
88
Posterior triangle
Trap, clavicle, SCM
89
same side tracheal deviation
pneumothorax
90
opposite side tracheal deviation
tension pneumothorax
91
Causes of buits
increased blood flow --> hyperthyroid
92
11 lymph nodes
preauricular, postauricular, occipital, tonsilar, submandibular, submental, superficial cervical, deep cervical, posterior cervical , supraclavicular, infraclavicular
93
starting form chin what do you palpate?
thyroid cartilage, cricothyroid membrane, cricoid, thyroid rings,isthmus then lateral lobes
94
Where is the epitrochlear?
above medial epicondyle
95
where is carotid
under the SCM
96
where to palpate for nuchal rigidity
occiput to C7
97
Brudzinski sign
passively flex pt neck, what for hip flex
98
kernig sign
flex hip to 90 and extend lower legs
99
Presbycusis
progressive bilateral sensory loss
100
Weber
512 Hz fork in middle of head neurosensory
101
Rinee
512 Hz fork on mastoid process (BC --> AC)
102
AC > BC
sensory hearing loss
103
BC > AC
conductive loss
104
Adult ear PE
up back and out
105
child ear PE
down and back
106
tug test
movement of auricle and tragus is painful in otitis externa not otitis media
107
lateral limit of Middle ear
TM
108
umbo
malleus meets TM
109
pars flaccida
above short process of malleus
110
structures of inner ear
cochlea, semicircular canals,CNVIII
111
When and where do you do tube placement for recurrent otitis media
5+ infections / year
3+ infections/ 6 mo
Anterior inferior
112
Cholesteatoma
epithlial deposition in middle ear
113
Ear Exam,
L ear w L hand R ear w R hand
114
malleus 2:00
Right ear
115
Malleus 10:00
left ear
116
labial frenulum
connects libs and gingiva
117
alveolar mucosa
mucosa adj to gingiva
118
labial mucosa
mucosa of inner lip
119
Poliate papillae
lateral tonuge
120
circumvallate papillae
v-shaped pattern in posterior tongue
121
ankyloglossia
frenulum tethers tongue
122
normal BP
123
sounds of korotkoff
tapping sounds increase intensity, hits max, muffed then disappear
124
Ausculatory gap
period of silence during asculatation when 1st beat is heard, 2nd beat heard after is diastolic
