HA Final Exam Flashcards
(434 cards)
Describe the role of assessment as the starting point of all models of clinical reasoning?
Collect, organize, validate and document data
Identify chief concern
Describe the use of diagnostic reasoning in clinical judgement
Diagnostic reasoning is the process of analyzing health data and drawing conclusion (DIAGNOSIS) to identify diagnose has four major components Attending to initially available cuesFormulating diagnostic hypothesesGathering data relative to the tentative hypothesesEvaluating each hypothesis with the new data collected, thus arriving at a final diagnosis
Describe the nursing process in clinical judgement
A systematic method of planning and providing patient care organized around series of phrases that integrate evidence-informed practice and critical thinkingHas five phaseAssessment, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation and evaluation
Describe the difference between novice, proficient and expert practitioners
Novice - No experienceProficient - Understands patient as a whole, can see long term goalsExpert - Arrive at clinical judgement in one leap
Describe critical thinking skills
Used as a multidimensional thinking process and not a linear process
Distinguish between first-level, second-level, third-level priority and collaborative problems
First level- Emergencies, life threatening. Think ABC plus V (Airway, breathing, cardiac/circulation, Vital signs)Second level - Require prompt intervention to forestall further deteriorationThird level- Important to health but can be addressed later Collaborative problems - problems that the treatment involves multiple disciplines
How does a conceptual framework guide nursing practice?
Guides nursing by providing a theoretical framework for generating research questions, designing studies and interpreting findings. Helps build on existing knowledge
Discuss the expanded concept of health and relate it to the process of data collection
Health promotion and disease prevention is the core of nursing. About treating the patient through holistic care by addressing mind body and spirit
Describe the different databases
Complete health history: Primary care and admission to hospitalFollow-up: History and exam follow direction of presenting concernEpisodic or problem-centered list: Limited or short-term problem, can be collected anywhere but focuses on one part of the bodyEmergency: Rapid collection of data done at same time as life saving meaures
Relate the patient age and health status to the frequency of health assessment
Older you are = more health assessment
Consider life cycle approach when performing a health assessment
Life-cycle approach is being familiar with the usual and expected developmental tasks for each age group
Define health promotion
The process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health. Focus on individual behaviour towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions
Explain 3 levels of disease prevention
Primary prevention: promotion of health and the prevention of illness by assisting communities to prevent known health problems, protect existing states of health and promote psychosocial wellnessSecondary prevention: Early detection of disease before symptoms emerge ex; pap tests Tertiary prevention: Prevention when a condition or disease is present or has progressed
Describe health disparities and health inequalities
Disparities in health: Occur when the combination and interaction of the determinants of health result in differences in health status between segments of the population and result in health inequalitiesHealth inequalities result from marginalization of groups and are determined to be unjust and unfair, health inequalities exist
Explain the purpose of screening
Form of secondary prevention to recognize a disease before symptoms occur
Explain the factors that will inform the health counselling that you offer a patient
Developmental levelReadiness of person to engageAvailability of local resourcesThe prevalent health conditions
Describe the key attributes of the Nipissing District Developmental Screen (NDDS)
Developmental screening with yes or no checklist for parentsIt is a set of developmental milestones appropriate to the age of the child.
Describe concepts that are central to understanding cultural and social considerations in health assessment
Relational, Individual, contextual, interpersonal
Distinguish between cultural sensitivity and cultural safety
Cultural sensitivity: being aware that cultural differences and similarities between people exist without assigning them a negative or positive valueCultural safety: Counteracting the everyday impacts of racism and other forms of discrimination on people’s lives
Cultural safety key features are
Locates primary responsibility for safety in health care practices and policiesFocuses on strategies to mitigate harmful effects of the health care systemActively counteracts discrimination by working against power differentialsDraws attention to often-harmful effects of cultural sensitivity training which can further entrench sterotypes
What are some factors that affect communication?
Internal - Liking others, empathy, ability to listenExternal - Ensure privacy, refuse interruptions, dress, note taking
What are the three phases of the interview
Introduction The working phaseTermination phase
List ten traps of interviewing
Providing false assurance or reassuranceGiving unwanted adviceUsing authorityUsing avoidance languageEngaging in distancingUsing professional jargonUsing leading or biased questionsTalking too muchInterruptingUsing why questions
When talking with elder individuals we must
Speak clearly, don’t elder-speak,