Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Presentations > Haem > Flashcards

Haem Flashcards

(62 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Rouleaux formation

A

Stacks of RBCs, give high ESR

Can be caused by increased immunoglobulin production in multiple myeloma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Schistocytes

A

Red cell fragments, indicate intravascular haemolysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Granulocytes with absent granulation and hypo segmented nuclei

A

Myelodysplastic syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Dacrocytes

A

Tear drop shaped cells seen in myelofibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Smear cells

A

Seen in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sternberg-Reed cells

A

Hogkin’s lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Auer rods

A

Cytoplasmic inclusions in myeloblastic cells

Acute myeloid leukaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Basophilic stippling

A

Lead poisoning, microcytic anaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

IDA on blood film

A

Hypochromic
Microcytic
Anisocytosis
Poikilocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dimorphic blood film + hypochromic/microcytic cells

A

sideroblastic anaemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Most common inherited haemolytic anaemia in northern europe

A

hereditary spherocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Blood profile in haemolytic anaemia

A 
Low Hb
High reticulocytes
High MCV 
High unconjugated bilirubin 
Low haptoglobin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Trimethoprims can cause what type of anaemia, what are they commonly used to treat

A

Macrocytic as they inhibit dihydrofolate reductase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Howell-Jolly bodies

A

Indicate hyposplenism. Represent basophilic nuclear remnants in circulating erythrocytes that are usually removed by spleen.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Hypochromic microcytic anaemia

Target cells

Nucleated red cells

High reticulocyte count

A

Thalassemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Coeliac disease can increase risk of which cancer

A

GI lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

heinz bodies

A

oxidised haemoglobin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Acute myeloid leukaemia is associated with which weird sign

A

Gum hypertrophy

Monocytic infiltration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What extra testing do you need to do in acute myelocytic leukaemia

A

clotting studies, fibrinogen, d-dimers

as can cause DIC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Most common chromosomal abnormalities in CLL

A

Trisomy 12

11q/13q deletions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

CLL overlaps with

A

non-hogkin’s lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which type fo leukaemia is largely asymptomatic?

A

CLL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What autoimmune phenomena is CLL associated with?

A

AHA

Thrombocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the blood results of someone with CLL?

A

Low Hb, platelets, serum IgG (seems to affect B cells more than T)
Lymphocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Symptoms of hyper viscosity
Headaches Visual disturbance Priapism
26
In what condition are haptoglobin low
Haemolytic anaemia
27
Spleen lies at rib level
9-11
28
Causes of massive splenomegaly
``` Myelofibrosis CML Malaria Gaucher's syndrome Visceral leishmaniasis ```
29
How long do the body's vitamin B12 stores last?
2-3mg | 2-4years
30
If a patient is deficient in folate and vitB12 which do you replace first and why?
VitB12, as otherwise get sub-acute combined degeneration of spinal cord
31
Where do T lymphocytes undergo maturation?
Thymus
32
MOD of transexemic acid
Anti-fibrinolytic
33
Common cause of macrocytic anaemia normoblastic
liver disease/chronic alcohol intake
34
What do reed-sternberg cells look like
binucleate lymphocytes
35
What is the cyclical fever referred to in Hogkin's lymphoma?
Pel Ebstein fever
36
What staging is used for Hogkin's lymphoma?
Ann-Arbor staging
37
What as an example of a skin rash seen in non-hogkin's lymphoma?
Mycosis fungicides
38
What type of murmur can you get with malignancies of the blood?
Cardiac flow murmur
39
What happens to the spleen in myelodysplasia?
Usually not enlarged, unless chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia
40
In what condition may you see low granulocytes or granulocytes not granulated?
Myelodysplasia
41
In what condition are tear drop cells seen?
Myelofibrosis
42
In what condition do you get a dry tap?
Myelofibrosis
43
Fibrotic hypercellular marrow, with dense reticulin fibres on silver staining
Myelofibrosis
44
Most common cause of hypercoagulability in white populations
Factor V leiden
45
Glanzmann's thrombasthenia
Affects ability of platelets to adhere to wall. Autosomal recessive. APTT & PT normal. Diagnosed by positive coagulation with ristocetin.
46
What mutation is associated with polycythaemia rubra vera?
JAK2
47
Gaisbrock syndrome
Young male smokers with hypertension can get decrease in plasma volume and apparent increase in red cell count -> polycythaemia
48
When are isotope dilution techniques used diagnostically?
To distinguish between absolute vs relative polycythaemia
49
Decrease in serum EPO seen in what malignant condition
Polycythaemia rubra vera
50
Decrease in serum EPO seen in what myeloproliferative condition
Polycythaemia rubra vera
51
What are some abnormal signs of ALL
``` Testicular swelling Cranial nerve palsies Retinal haemorrhage Papilloedema Leukaemic infiltration of anterior chamber of eye ```
52
What happens to the gums in AML
Gum hypertrophy
53
In which leukaemia do you see a decrease in serum IgG
CLL, as mainly affects B cells
54
What are the two peaks of hogkin's lymphoma
peak at 20-30 | peak post 50
55
In which myeloproliferative disorder can you get hyperCa
non-hogkin's lymphoma
56
How do you distinguish between AHA and hereditary spherocytosis?
Direct coomb's test is negative in HS
57
Burr cells indicate
Uraemia
58
Howell jolly bodies
hyposplenism
59
Target cells seen in
IDA
60
Lifespan of sickle cell patient
50 years even if its managed well
61
What two facial features can be seen in vitB12 deficiency
Glossitis and angular stomatitis
62
Common factors
I, II, V, X

Presentations (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions