haematology

Question 1

2 symptoms of AF

Answer 1

palpitations
flutter

Question 2

hyperglycaemia meaning

Answer 2

raised glucose levels in blood

Question 3

describe type 1diabetes

Answer 3

more frequent in children
little or no insulin produced
need daily injections of insulin

Question 4

describe T2 diabetes

Answer 4

more common in adults
body does not make good use of insulin produced
linked to unhealthy lifestyle
require oral drugs

Question 5

HbA1c is 5.7-6.4%

Answer 5

prediabetes

Question 6

target HbA1c for type 2 diabetic

Answer 6

less than 6.5%

Question 7

HbA1c is greater than 6.5%

Answer 7

diabetes

Question 8

below 5.7% HbA1c

Answer 8

healthy

Question 9

risk factors of hypertension

Answer 9

smoking
obesity
genetics

Question 10

what is furosemide and what is it used for

Answer 10

loop diuretic
hypertension

Question 11

INR in healthy individual

Answer 11

1

Question 12

what condition has target INR of 2.5

Answer 12

AF
DVT
pulmonary embolism

Question 13

what condition has target INR of 3.5

Answer 13

recurrent DVT
mechanical prosthetic heart valves

Question 14

how to calculate INR

Answer 14

PT /reference PT plasma

(prothrombin time is PT)

Question 15

treatment plan structure

Answer 15

Acute
Prevention
Stabilisation
Restorative/Definite
Maintenance

Question 16

patient has unstable INR
what causes change in INR

Answer 16

poor warfarin control

Question 17

what treatment are you willing to do on INR 4

Answer 17

BPE
OHI
supragingival scaling

Question 18

haemophilia A is deficiency in which factor

Answer 18

8

Question 19

abixaban inhibits which factor

Answer 19

factor Xa

Question 20

The extraction of a single tooth is a high risk procedure when assessing bleeding risk : true or false

Answer 20

false

Question 21

management of pt who takes the medications aspirin and clopidogrel following a STEMI two weeks ago and requires the extraction of two asymptomatic teeth

Answer 21

delay extractions until 6 months

Question 22

management of pt who Takes the medication Apixaban and requires a single extraction

Answer 22

do not change drug regime

Question 23

management of pt who Takes the medication Dabigatran and requires the surgical extraction of two teeth at 0900 in the morning

Answer 23

miss morning dose and take evening dose

Question 24

management of pt who Takes the medication Rivaroxaban once a day in the morning and requires the extraction of 5 teeth at 0900 in the morning

Answer 24

delay morning dose and take evening dose 4 hrs after haemostasis achieved

Question 25

A person with Moderate Haemophilia has what percentage of normal factor in their blood?

Answer 25

1-5%

Question 26

Von Willebrand's Type 2 is normally managed with which product to manage bleeding?

Answer 26

Factor VIII Concentrate

Question 27

Augmentation of factor levels is required for which of the inherited bleeding conditions: Select one: a. Mild Haemophilia A b. Type 2a Von Willebrand's Disease c. All of the above d. Type 3 Von Willebrand's Disease e. Moderate Haemophilia B

Answer 27

all of above

Question 28

The activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) would be deranged in

Answer 28

haemophilia

Question 29

The prothrobin time (PT) would be deranged in

Answer 29

liver disease of warfarin therapy

Question 30

Protrhombin time (PT) measures:

Answer 30

Factors 5 7 10 prothrombin and fibrinogen (three factors prothrombin and fibrinogen)

Question 31

Activated partial thromoboplastin time (APTT) measures:

Answer 31

Factors 5 8 9 10 11 12 and prothrombin and fibrinogen (seven factors prothrombin and fibrinogen)

Question 32

A patient with moderate Haemophilia A requires factor cover for supra-gingival scaling - true or false

Answer 32

false

Question 33

Topical miconazole for the management of oral candidosis presents a risk for patients prescribed Warfarin by potentiating bleeding? true or false

Answer 33

true

Question 34

management of pseudomembranous candidiosis in patient taking warfarin

Answer 34

toothbrush or gauze to clean palate OHI denture hygiene remove denture at night nystatin

Question 35

why might you consider making a new acrylic denture for pt with pseudomembranous candidiosis

Answer 35

candidate species have ability to penetrate acrylic

Question 36

2 drug contraindications of miconazole and why

Answer 36

warfarin as increases potentiates effect statin as risk of myopathy

Question 37

A person with severe Haemophilia has what percentage of normal factor in their blood?

Answer 37

<1%

Question 38

A person with mild Haemophilia has what percentage of normal factor in their blood?

Answer 38

6-40%

Question 39

how long before appointment should you check INR

Answer 39

ideally 24 hrs before but 72 if stable

Question 40

local heamostatic measures

Answer 40

LA with vasoconstrictor by infiltration pack sockets Wirth oxidised cellulose (surgicel) sutures pressure to socket after closure for 20 mins

Question 41

post op instruction

Answer 41

avoid smoking and alcohol avoid rinsing the mouth for 24 hours, do not disturb the socket avoid hot liquids and hard foods for the day to avoid chewing on the affected side Care should then be taken to avoid dislodging the clot if bleeding apply pressure using damp gauze for 20 minutes. If bleeding persists, the dentist should be contacted Give contact details Analgesia advice