Haematology Flashcards
(149 cards)
1
Q
Pneumococcus vaccine every _ years
A
5
2
Q
Hydroxyurea for >3 ________ crices a year.
A
painful
3
Q
Can Vit K deficiency present like platelet deficiency?
A
Yes
4
Q
High INR
A
Vit K low
5
Q
Describe haemolytic uraemic syndrome (ecoli)
A
Microcytic anaemia
Thrombocytopenia
AKI
6
Q
ITP in kids follows…
A
viral infection
7
Q
ITP in adults
A
Platelety bleeding
8
Q
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) treatment
A
Prednisolone
9
Q
vWD treatment
A
Desmopressin
10
Q
Stop and decrease warfarin doses in patients with an INR of…
A
5-8
Vit K if bleeding
11
Q
Which antibiotic increases warfarin activity?
A
Ciprofloxacin
12
Q
Which antibiotic decreases warfarin activity?
A
Rifampicin
13
Q
Transfuse __________ blood to chemo patients.
A
erradicated
14
Q
PT and APTT In ALL
A
Normal
15
Q
CML age
A
Middle aged
16
Q
Big spleen and thrombocytopenia in alcoholic
A
Variceal bleed
17
Q
Sideroblastic anemia
A
Can’t use iron
18
Q
G6PD deficiency
A
Macro/normocytic
19
Q
Which cancer does EBV cause?
A
Burkitt’s lymphoma
20
Q
Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH)
A
Dark pee
Penis 👎
Fatigue
21
Q
PNH test results
A
PIGA mutation
CD55, CD59
22
Q
Howell-Jolly
A
Hyposplenism
23
Q
V Leiden
A
VTE
24
Q
vWF disease symptoms
A
Bruising
Bleeding (menstrual)
25
Myelofibrosis
Bloating
26
DVT long term treatment
DOAC
27
Splenectomy film
Target cells
28
Normocytic anemia
Anaemia of chronic disease
29
Aplastic crisis trigger
Slap cheek
30
Platelet counts in PRV
Can be high
31
Acanthocytosis
CKD
Alcohol
32
B thalassemia skull
Bossing
33
HIV increases cancer risk. T/F
True
34
What is given before chemo to prevent tumour lysis?
Raspberry case (XO)
35
Neutropenia treatment
G CSF
36
Ann Arbour staging
Number of node groups affected by Hodgkin’s lymphoma
37
VWF binds factor _.
8
38
LFTs in pregnancy
Normally raised
39
Cancer causing renal impairment
Myeloma
40
Transfuse if Hb <
80
41
In acute coronary syndrome, transfuse if Hb <
70
42
Is Hb SS or SC more common?
SC
43
Viral infections cause neutro______.
penia
44
Painful crisis
Vaso-occlusive
45
Cytoreductive example
Hydroxycarbamide
46
Type 3 Von Willebrand disease is ____ severe than type 1.
more
47
Flow murmurs are secondary to…
anaemia.
48
Give platelets if less than ___.
10
49
Give platelets if less than ___ and actively bleeding.
30
50
Low platelets, first
Check for bleeding
51
TTP signs without purpura
Malaria
52
Malaria treatment
Artesunate
53
White cells in myelofibrosis
Can be high or normal initially
54
Anaemia of chronic disease is ______cytic.
normo
55
Sideroblastic anemia signs
Microcytic
Basophils
High iron
56
Sideroblastic anemia causes
Genetics
Alcohol
Lead
Isoniazid
57
Thalassemia has a particularly low…
MCV.
58
First line test for cancer
Serum protein electrophoresis
59
GI bleeding causes ____________ anaemia.
microcytic
60
Hypothyroidism can cause a ___________ anaemia, because of dysregulation of erythropoietin production.
macrocytic
61
What causes an isolated high HbA1c?
Previous splenectomy
62
What antiVTE measures should be taken after surgery
Compression
LMWH after 12 hours
63
How does inhibition of xanthine oxidase cause bone marrow suppression?
accumulation of 6-mercaptopurine
64
Iron deficiency shows ___ total iron binding capacity.
high
65
Mediterranean
G6PD deficiency
66
Thalassemia diagnostic investigation
Hb electrophoresis
67
Which drugs cause neutropenia?
Macrolides
68
Which drugs raise neutrophils?
Steroids
69
Desmopressin can be given in haemophilia and increases the release of…
VWF.
70
First symptom of myelofibrosis
Fatigue
71
Iron overload symptoms
Joint pain
Hyperpigmentation
72
Which disease is associated with functional hyposplenism
Coeliac
73
In sickle patients with any infection, Hb is…
very low.
74
Acute chest crisis
PE
75
In neutropenic sepsis, ________ may be the only presenting feature.
fever
76
First line test for multiple myeloma
Serum protein electrophoresis
77
Acute haemolytic reaction timeframe
mins-hours
78
D dimers in DIC
Up
79
Myelodysplastic syndrome blood film
megakaryocytes
acanthocytes
<10% myeloblasts.
80
AML: myeloid blast cells at _______%
20-90
81
Why would a sickle cell patient have a cholecystectomy?
Chronic hemolysis causes gallstones
82
Which autoimmune disorder can lymphoproliferative disorders or infection cause?
Cold autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
83
What causes TTP?
ADAMTS-13 deficiency
(can’t cleave vWF)
84
Non hodgekins lymphoma complications
Hyperviscosity
85
Good ALL prognosis
Hyperdiploid blast cells
86
Non Hodgekin’s lymphoma biopsy
irregular nucleus and high mitotic rate
87
Poor Hodgekin prognosis
High ESR
88
Poor NonHodgekin prognosis
High LDH
89
What should be done for a transfusion induced fever?
Slow
Paracetamol
90
Smudge cells
CLL
91
Follicular lymphoma
Non Hodgekin
92
MI causes ____ neutrophils.
high
93
US doppler DVT within _ hours.
4
94
Refer kids cancer to
Paeds
95
Can LMWH cause low platelets?
Yes
96
Hyper-viscosity
Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia
97
Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinaemia treatment
Plasmapheresis
98
Pernicious anaemia treatment
Hydroxocobalamin 1mg
99
Iron supplements take _ months to work.
3
100
Iron in anaemia of chronic disease
low serum iron
normal/high serum ferritin
101
Replace B12 ________ folate
before
102
Follicular lymphoma is ____ grade.
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma is ____ grade.
low
high
103
Platelets in PRV
High
104
Hemolytic crisis symptoms
Splenomegaly
105
Iron overload effects
Lung and heart failure
106
Parvovirus symptoms
headache
sore throat
joint pain
107
MALT treatment
omeprazole
amoxicillin
clarithromycin
108
Cryoprecipitate shelf life
1 year
109
Left shift
Immature nuclei with no lobes
110
Right shift
Hypermature nuclei with >5 lobes
111
Lead poisoning
sideroblastic anaemia
112
CML contains an 'M' for
massive splenomegaly
113
Drug causing neutropenia
Carbimazole
114
Drugs that trigger G6PD deficiency
nitrofurantoin
ciprofloxacin
sulphonylureas
115
Hereditary spherocytosis treatment
folate supplementation and splenectomy
116
Atrial septal defect will cause
systolic murmur
DVT
stroke
117
What is Fifth disease during pregnancy?
Parvovirus causes rash and joint pain
118
Effect of steroids on Hb
Raise
119
uncooked meat
tapeworm
120
Hydroxycarbamide
HbF
121
Myelofibrosis first symptom
fatigue
122
Treatment for major trauma/bleed
Vit K
Dried prothrombin complex
123
What can amyloidosis affecting the heart present like?
Heart failure
124
Pulmonary oedema from transfusion
TRALI
125
DVT treatment
Direct oral anticoagulant for at least 3 months
126
Ann Arbour stage 3
Both sides of the diaphragm
127
What does basophilic stippling suggest
Disturbed red cell production
128
Which factor activates the intrinsic pathway?
XII
129
Which factor activates the extrinsic pathway?
Tissue
130
15;17
AML
131
Sickle cell increases risk of ________ infection.
chest
132
Neutrophils afters surgery
Raised
133
Type 2 VWD
Severe
134
Breakthrough pain medication dose
a sixth of the total daily dose
135
Stop heparin if platelets < __%.
70
136
Platelets can be high in myelofibrosis
136
AA amyloidosis
Caused by chronic inflammation
137
Delayed haemolytic transfusion reaction appearance
Jaundice
138
Bruising in thalassemia patients
Haemosiderosis (iron deposits)
139
Bleeding causes _____cytic anaemia.
micro
140
Check INR ____ hours after giving Vit K
6-12
141
High ICP
Low GCS
ICU
142
MGUS symptoms
No
143
Protein C deficiency
Clotting activated by warfarin
144
Anaemia over age __ urgent
50
144
Which antibiotic raises INR?
Metronidazole
145
Are clotting factors given in minor haemorrhages?
No
146
Clotting factors in HUS
Normal
147
HUS antibiotics
No
