Haematology

Question 1

Is CLL associated with warm or cold autoimmune haemolytic anaemia?

Answer 1

Warm

Question 2

What is the reversal agent for dabigatran?

Answer 2

Idarucizumab

Question 3

What is management for Von Willebrand’s disease?

Answer 3

Desmopressin

Question 4

What are the bloods of someone with alcoholic liver disease?

Answer 4

Microcytic anaemia and thrombocytopenia

Question 5

What is the transfusion rate/time for a unit of RBC in a non-urgent scenario?

Answer 5

Over 90-120 minutes

Question 6

What are symptoms of acute chest syndrome?

Answer 6

dyspnoea, chest pain, cough, hypoxia and new pulmonary infiltrates seen on chest x-ray

Question 7

What is the platelet transfusion threshold for patients not bleeding or having an invasive procedure?

Answer 7

10

Question 8

What is the platelet transfusion threshold for patients actively bleeding?

Answer 8

30

Question 9

What is given for prophylaxis against tumour lysis syndrome?

Answer 9

Allopurinol + IV fluids

Question 10

What would you see in a blood film of someone with hyposplenism?

Answer 10

Howell-Jolly bodies and siderocytes

Question 11

What are symptoms of Transfusion Associated Circularory Overload (TACO)?

Answer 11

Hypertension, raised jugular venous pulse, afebrile, S3 present.

Question 12

What are symptoms of Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)?

Answer 12

Hypotension, pyrexia, normal/unchanged JVP

Question 13

What is treatment of TACO?

Answer 13

Slow or stop transfusion

Consider intravenous loop diuretic (e.g. furosemide) and oxygen

Question 14

What is treatment of TRALI?

Answer 14

Stop the transfusion

Oxygen and supportive care

Question 15

What are signs of acute haemolytic reaction?

Answer 15

Fever, abdominal pain, hypotension
(ABO-incompatible blood e.g. secondary to human error)

Question 16

What is the treatment of acute haemolytic reaction?

Answer 16

• Stop transfusion
• Supportive care (fluid resus)

Question 17

What are the signs of Non-haemolytic febrile reaction?

Answer 17

Fever, chills

Question 18

What is the treatment of non- haemolytic febrile reaction?

Answer 18

Slow or stop the transfusion

Paracetamol

Monitor

Question 19

What are the signs of Minor allergic reaction?

Answer 19

Pruritus, urticaria

Question 20

What is the treatment of Minor allergic reaction?

Answer 20

Temporarily stop the transfusion

Antihistamine

Monitor

Question 21

What are the signs of Anaphylaxis?

Answer 21

Hypotension, dyspnoea, wheezing, angioedema

Question 22

What is the treatment of anaphylaxis?

Answer 22

Stop the transfusion

IM adrenaline

ABC support
oxygen
fluids

Question 23

What are signs of a poor prognosis in Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Answer 23

‘B’ symptoms in Hodgkin’s lymphoma are associated with a poor prognosis
weight loss > 10% in last 6 months
fever > 38ºC
night sweats

Question 24

In myeloma with metastasis, what are the blood test seen in this disease?

Answer 24

Hypercalcaemia, normal / high phosphate, normal ALP

Question 25

Why are NSAIDs avoided in multiple myeloma?

Answer 25

Can cause renal failure

Question 26

What are the blood results of beta-thalassaemia trait?

Answer 26

Microcytic anaemia + raised HbA2 Usually asymptomatic

Question 27

What virus can cause neutropenia?

Answer 27

EBV

Question 28

What is the MOA of dabigatran?

Answer 28

Direct thrombin inhibitor

Question 29

What is used to prevent exacerbations of sickle cell anaemia?

Answer 29

Hydroxyurea