Haematopoetic components

Question 1

where does erythropoiesis (red blood cell production) occur

Answer 1

bone marrow (pluripotent stem cells)

Question 2

what do pluripotent stem cells develop to

Answer 2

Myeloid progenitor (become blood cells)
or
lymphoid progenitor (become lymphoid cells)

Question 3

what is the function of erythrocytes

Answer 3

contain haemoglobin that bind to oxygen and carry it around the body.
and carry carbon dioxide for excretion

Question 4

which cells produces platelets

Answer 4

megakaryocyte

Question 5

what are reticulocytes

Answer 5

immature red blood cells

Question 6

what are functions of neutrophils

Answer 6

tissue repair
phagocytic

Question 7

which blood cell is not found in the blood

Answer 7

macrophages

Question 8

how are macrophages developed

Answer 8

monocytes leave the blood and develop into macrophages in tissue

Question 9

how to identify eosinophils under the microscope

Answer 9

very pink due to staining

Question 10

function of eosinophils

Answer 10

helminth (soil transmitted) infection
allergy

Question 11

most abundant white blood cells

Answer 11

neutrophils

Question 12

how to identify monocytes

Answer 12

large nucleus
human kidney shape

Question 13

how to identify basophils

Answer 13

large cytoplasmic granules that block the nucleus
not very abundant

Question 14

what are the functions of mast cells

Answer 14

release histamines (activating factors) for wound release

Question 15

what percentage of white blood cells are neutrophils

Answer 15

60%

Question 16

what percentage of white blood cells are lymphocytes

Answer 16

30%

Question 17

how to identify lymphocytes

Answer 17

very large nucleus
circular

Question 18

what is the adaptive immune system

Answer 18

specialised lymphocytes

Question 19

where are T lymphocytes developed

Answer 19

Thymus

Question 20

where are B lymphocytes mature

Answer 20

Bone marrow and Lymph nodes
Bursa of Fabricus in birds

Question 21

What hormone stimulates erythrocyte production

Answer 21

erythropoietin

Question 22

which are the primary lymphoid organs

Answer 22

thumus
bone marrow (bursa of fabricius in birds)

Question 23

which are the secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 23

spleen
lymph nodes
tonsils

Question 24

what are tertiary lymphoid organs

Answer 24

ectopic tissue that develops at site of chronic inflammation

Question 25

what are the lobules of the thymus

Answer 25

cortex medulla

Question 26

when is the thymus most active

Answer 26

early life to make the most immune cells

Question 27

what are the functions of the spleen

Answer 27

white pulp: surveys the blood that flows through for foreign antigens red pulp: filters + removes damaged or aged red blood cells by phagocytosis

Question 28

what is the purpose of the spleen trabeculae

Answer 28

for contraction so spleen can push out erythrocytes

Question 29

where are B cells localised in lymph nodes

Answer 29

follicles

Question 30

what occurs in the paracortex of lymph nodes

Answer 30

T cells are localised

Question 31

how to lymphocytes get from lymph nodes to the blood

Answer 31

efferent lymphatic

Question 32

name the 5 palpable lymph nodes

Answer 32

submandibular pre scapula axillary inguinal popliteal

Question 33

what is Gut Associated Lymphoid tissue

Answer 33

mucosal membrane that is exposed to the environment (secondary lymphoid tissue)