Haemophilus and Bordetella

Question 1

Haemophilus and Bordetella only infect one species- which is it?

Answer 1

Human restricted

Question 2

What type of media do Haemophilus and Bordetella require and what must be present for them to thrive on these cultures?

Answer 2

Chocolate Agar, Factors V and X

Question 3

How are Haemophilus and Bordetella transmitted?

Answer 3

Respiratory droplets

Question 4

What patient population is mainly infected by Haemophilus and Bordetella?

Answer 4

Pediatric patients- respiratory infection

Question 5

Can you vaccinate against Haemophilus and Bordetella?

Answer 5

Yes

Question 6

Generally speaking, how do you treat Haemophilus and Bordetella?

Answer 6

Antibiotics and Supportive Care

Question 7

Classify Haemophilus

Answer 7

Gram negative pleomorphic (can appear as cocci, rods, or mixture on microscopy)

Question 8

Which is more pathogenic, encapsulated or unencapsulated haemophilus? Which is covered by the vaccine? Which causes lethal meningitis?

Answer 8

Encapsulated (Hib)

Question 9

What invasive diseases follow bacteremia after an upper respiratory infection with Hib?

Answer 9

Meningitis, cellulitis, epiglottitis, septic arthritis

Question 10

Unencapsulated H. influenzae (NTHi) are less pathogenic because they lack what virulence factor?

Answer 10

Capsule

Question 11

Is NTHi part of the normal flora?

Answer 11

It may be

Question 12

Though NTHi lacks a capsule, what virulence factors does it possess and have in common with Hib?

Answer 12

IgA protease, pili, adhesins

Question 13

What type of disease does infection with NTHi cause?

Answer 13

Neonatal and postpartum sepsis, CF pneumonia, and systemic complications after untreated local mucosal infections

Question 14

What type of patients are more likely to suffer from the conditions caused by infection with NTHi?

Answer 14

Those with respiratory or immune predisposition

Question 15

Is B. pertussis highly contagious?

Answer 15

Yes

Question 16

Why is the incidence and mortality of B. pertussis increasing?

Answer 16

Inadequate vaccine coverage

Question 17

What two virulence factors and toxins mediate damage done by B. pertussis?

Answer 17

Filamentous hemagglutinin and pertussis toxin

Question 18

What is the result of action of Filamentous hemagglutinin and pertussis toxin in B. pertussis?

Answer 18

Ciliary stasis–> cough for contagion

Question 19

Is there bacteremia with B. pertussis?

Answer 19

Nope

Question 20

Is the prognosis for B. pertussis good or bad?

Answer 20

Good prognosis

Question 21

What is the main symptom of B. pertussis?

Answer 21

Whooping cough (dangerous with underlying conditions)

Question 22

What lab result do you see on bloodwork in a patient infected with B. pertussis?

Answer 22

Leukocytosis

Question 23

Classify B. pertussis

Answer 23

Short gram negative rods