Haemopoiesis

Question 1

Haemopoiesis

Answer 1

Process of creating new blood cells in the body

Question 2

Common myeloid progenitors

Answer 2

Erythrocytes
Mast cells
Myeoblasts
Megakaryocyte

Question 3

Common lymphoid progenitors

Answer 3

Natural killer cells

Lymphocytes

Question 4

Small lymphocytes

Answer 4

T lymphocytes

B lymphocytes

Question 5

B lymphocytes

Answer 5

Plasma cells (produce antibodies)

Question 6

Myeoblast

Answer 6

Basophils ( granules)
Neutrophil
Eosinphil
Monocyte

Question 7

Monocyte

Answer 7

Macrophages

Question 8

Megakaryocytes

Answer 8

Thrombocytes - platelets

Question 9

Erythropoietin
Thrombopoietin
Interleukins
GCSF

Answer 9

Erythropoietin- erythrocytes
Thrombopoietin- platelets (thrombocytes)
Interleukins - common lymphoid progenitor cells
GCSF - WBC s

Question 10

Where is haemoglobin produced in a foetus and in an adult

Answer 10

foetus:
Liver
Spleen
Yolk sac

Adult :

Bone marrow

Question 11

Neutrophils

Answer 11

Multilobulated - multi nucleated
Phagocytic
Purple granules contain degradation enzymes
E.g elastase

Question 12

Eosinophils

Answer 12

Bilobulated nucleus - horse shoe
Secrete histamine - inflammatory response
Orange granules
Stain pink

Question 13

Monocytes - macrophages when outside tissue

Answer 13

Bilobulated - horse shoe
Purple granules - contain enzymes
Antigen presenting cells

Question 14

Basophils

Answer 14

Bilobulated nucleus - horse shoe
Secrete histamine - inflammatory response
Stain Purple

Question 15

Helper T cells

Answer 15

Stimulate further inflammation
Stimulate B cells
Stimulate killer T cells

Question 16

Suppressor T cells

Answer 16

Turn off cell mediated response

Question 17

B Cells

Answer 17

Differentiate into plasma cells that are filled with ribosomes
Make and secrete antibodies
Antibodies bind to pathogen - decreases pathogenic activity

Question 18

Natural killer cells

Answer 18

Stimulate cells to perform apoptosis

Question 19

Adaptive immunity

Answer 19

Macrophages engulfs pathogen
Present antigen on surface
Detected by specific helper T cells
T cells rapidly divide
Stimulate - phagocytic activity by macrophages
-inflammatory response
- Killer T cells (cell mediated) - kill pathogen or stimulate apoptosis (NK)
- B cells (humoral) - plasma cells produce antibodies which stimulate macrophages to engulf and destroy. Memory B cells produced

Question 20

Polycynthemia

Answer 20

High RBC count

Question 21

Leukaemia

Answer 21

High WBC count

Question 22

Thrombocynemia

Answer 22

Platelet levels high

Question 23

Anaemia

Answer 23

Low Hb

Question 24

Leukopenia

Answer 24

Low WBC

Question 25

Thrombocytopenia

Answer 25

Low platelet count

Question 26

Pancytopenia

Answer 26

Low counts of blood constituents