hammer20 Flashcards
Which cancer is common in patients exposed to asbestos? What worsens the risk?
Bronchiogenic carcinoma.
What are CT findings in peritoneal mesothelioma?
Nodular peritoneal thickening with moderat to severe ascites
What is the presenation of vertebral osteomyelitis? What does evaluation include? What is the imaging modality of choice?
Fever, backpain and focal spinal tenderness. Evaluation includes blood culture and inflammatory markers (ESR and CRP). MRI
What is the main measure of association in case control studies?
Exposure odds ratio
What is the treatment for newborns with ABO incompatability?
Can develop neonatal jauncide, treat with phototherapy
Which seizure type has an aura? Which seizure types have automatisms?
Partial seizures. Complex parital seizures.
Which seizure type can have deja vu and No loss of consciousness?
Simple partial seizures
What is the presentation of peptic ulcer diseae?
Epigastric pain, nausea, early satiety in association with food. Melena which is a common cause of PUD.
What contraceptives are contraindicated in pregnancy? What are other contraindications to these meds? What is the best substitute?
All hormone containing contraceptives. Migraine, smoker, >160/100, history of thromboembolic disease, stroke, breast cancer, major surgery with immobilization. Copper IUD
What is the most reliable sign for vertebral osteomyelitis? What else is elevated? Best test?
Tenderness to gentle percussion. ESR and CPK. MRI. Suspect in drug users
What is the pathophysiology and presentation of lacunar strokes?
Microatheroma formation and lipohyalinosis in small penetrating arteries of teh brain. Pure motor hemiparesis since they often affect internal capsule.
What is a common sideeffect of methotrexate?
Macrocytic anemia, nausea, stomatitis, rash, hepatotoxicity, interstitial lung disease, alopecia and fever
What is the CSF findings of Viral encephalitits? Treatment?
Elevated white count with a lymphocytic predominance, normal glucose and elevated protein concentration. Start acyclovir
How is PEEP calculated? Plateau pressure?
PEEP is calculated with end expiratory hold maneuver. Plateay pressure is sum of elastic pressure and PEEP
What is teh criteria for diagnosing ADHD?
Inattention, impuslivity and hyperactivity in 2 or more settings
What should you administer with Thiamine in Wernicke patients?
Glucose
What medication is administered to bipolar patients who have renal dysfunction?
Valproate instead of Lithium
What is the management of patients with BPH?
Do urine culture and recal exam to assess for UTI and hematuria. Patients with life expectance > 10 years should have PSA.
What is the presentation of aplastic crisis in sickle cell patients?
Acute severe anemia (pallor, weakness, functional murmur), sudden drop in hemoglobin with a very low retic count (
What is the presentation and biopsy findings in HSP?
palpable purpura, arthralgias, abdominal pain and renal disease. IgA deposition in the mesangium
Which nerve is injured in midshaft fracture of humerus?
Radial nerve
What is unique about ischemic hepatic injury?
Occurs in the setting of hypotension with massive increases in AST and ALT with MILDER associated increases in total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase.
What is the most common etiology of Mallory-Weiss teat?
Sudden increase in abdominal pressure from forceful weritching, Mucosal tear (longitudinal laceration) in esophagus or stomach, Risk factors are hiatal hernia and alcoholism.
What are long term neurologic sequale associated with bacterial meningitis? Which portion of the brain is affected?
hearing loss, loss of cognitive function (2/2 neuronal loss in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus), seizures, mental retardation, spasticiy
