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Kinesiology > Hand > Flashcards

Hand Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the entry of the carpal tunnel start

A
  • starts at the distal wrist crease
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2
Q

Which surface of the hand is concave and convex

A
  • palmer is concave
  • dorsal is convex
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3
Q

How many degrees is the thumb rotated

A
  • 90 degrees along the longitudinal axis to face palmerly
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4
Q

Define prehension

A
  • grabbing things
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5
Q

How many degrees of freedom does the thumb have

A
  • 2 DOF
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6
Q

What motion is the 2nd and 3rd digit locked into and by what

A
  • locked into frontal motion due to ligament restraints
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7
Q

What motions doe the 4th and 5th CMC joints have

A
  • flexion and extension
  • internal and external rotation
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8
Q

ROM for 4th CMC joint

A
  • 20 degrees flexion
  • 30 degrees rotation
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9
Q

ROM for 5th CMC joint

A
  • 30 degrees flexion
  • 20 degrees rotation
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10
Q

ROM for 2nd and 3rd CMC joints

A
  • no ROM
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11
Q

What direction is roll and slide in for thumb abd/adduction

A
  • opposite directions
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12
Q

What direction is roll and slide in for thumb flexion/extension

A
  • same direction
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13
Q

Thumb CMC extension is coupled with

A
  • lateral rotation
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14
Q

Thumb CMC flexion is coupled with

A
  • medial rotation
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15
Q

Describe phase I of opposition

A
  • metacarpal abduction
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16
Q

Describe phase II of opposition

A
  • metacarpal flexion and medial rotation
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17
Q

What is the closed packed position for the thumb

A
  • full opposition
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18
Q

What does the palmer plate do

A
  • it provides stability in MCP extension
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19
Q

What connects the 2nd-5th palmer plates

A
  • deep transverse carpal ligament
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20
Q

AROM for MCP flexion

A
  • 90 degrees
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21
Q

Progression of MCP flexion from 2nd digit to 5th digit

A
  • 2nd has 90 degrees of flexion and every finger after has an extra 5 degrees
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22
Q

AROM for MCP extension

A
  • 30-45 degrees of hyperextension at any MCP
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23
Q

ROM for MCP abduction

A
  • 20 degrees
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24
Q

How many degrees of freedom do MCP joints have

A
  • 2 DOF
25
Q

When is the collateral ligament cords (radial & ulnar) tense

A
  • tense when in flexion
26
Q

What is the closed packed position for MCP joints

A
  • full flexion
27
Q

How many degrees of freedom does the thumb MCP joint have

A
  • 1 DOF
28
Q

How many degrees of freedom does the thumb CMC have

A
  • 2 DOF
29
Q

What direction is roll & slide in at the MCP joint

A
  • same direction
30
Q

What direction is roll & slide in at the PIP & DIP joints

A
  • same direction
31
Q

How many degrees of freedom does the PIP & DIP joints have

A
  • 1 DOF
32
Q

What abducts and adducts the PIP & DIP joints

A
  • collateral ligament cords
33
Q

What is closed packed position for PIP & DIP joints

A
  • extension
34
Q

When are the palmer plates put under tension

A
  • in PIP & DIP extension
35
Q

How much hyperextension is at the PIP joints

A
  • no hyperextension
36
Q

How much hyperextension is at the DIP joints

A
  • 30 degrees
37
Q

ROM for thumb IP joint flexion

A
  • 70 degrees
38
Q

ROM for thumb IP joint extension

A
  • 20 degrees hyperextension
39
Q

What is the position of function

A
  • wrist 20-30 degrees extension
  • thumb CMC 35-45 degrees abduction & 35-45 degrees flexion
  • MCPs 45 degrees of flexion
  • PIP & DIP joints 15 degrees of flexion
40
Q

What muscles does the ulnar nerve innervate

A
  • medial flexor digitorum profundus
  • flexor carpi ulnaris
  • hypo thenar muscles
  • dorsal interossei
41
Q

What is required for isolate PIP or DID flexion

A
  • extensor stabilization
42
Q

What do palmer interossei do

A
  • adduct the digits
43
Q

What do dorsal interossei do

A
  • abduct the digits
44
Q

What structures are in the carpal tunnel

A
  • flexor digitorum profundus
  • flexor digitorum superficialis
  • flexor pollicis longus
  • median nerve
45
Q

What is tenodesis grasp

A
  • full extension of the wrist causes tension in the finger flexors
46
Q

Purpose of the extensor mechanism

A
  • creates tension on both sides to help prevent wiggling
47
Q

Describe finger extension

A
  • at first only extensor digitorum
  • lumbricals & interosseous prevent hyperextension
  • intrinsic muscles activate to stabilize and prevent hyperextension of MCP
48
Q

What does the abductor policis longus do

A
  • abducts the CMC joint
  • extends the MC
49
Q

What does the extensor policis longus do

A
  • extends the IP & CMC
50
Q

What does the extensor pollicis brevis do

A
  • extends MCP & CMC
51
Q

What muscles make up the thenar eminence

A
  • abductor pollicis brevis
  • flexor pollicis brevis
  • opponens pollicis
52
Q

What nerve innverates the thenar muscles

A
  • median nerve
53
Q

What nerve innervates the hypothenar muscles

A
  • unlar nerve
54
Q

What muscles make up the hypothenar

A
  • flexor digiti minimi
  • abductor digiti minimi
  • opponens digiti minimi
55
Q

What is the intrinsic plus position

A
  • PIP & DIP extension
  • MCP flexion
56
Q

Describe swan neck deformity

A
  • MCP flexion
  • PIP hyperextension
  • DIP flexion
57
Q

Describe boutonniere deformity

A
  • MCP extension
  • PIP flexion
  • DIP hyperextension
58
Q

Describe mallet finger

A
  • can not extend the DIP joint

Kinesiology (10 decks)

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