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MD1S1: Anatomy 201 > Hand > Flashcards

Hand Flashcards

(61 cards)

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1
Q

Describe the features of the skin of the hands and the impact that it has on its function

A

Thick, immobile, creased skin
Enables firm grip

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2
Q

What is the function of superficial fascia?

A

Binds skin to deep dascia

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3
Q

What are the functions of the deep fascia of the hands?

A

Forms flexor retinaculum.
Forms palmar apponeurosis.
Flexor sheaths of fingers

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4
Q

What are the muscles of the hand?

A
  • Muscles of the thumb – **Thenar eminence **
  • Muscles of the little finger – **Hypothenar eminence
  • Lumbricals
  • Interossei
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5
Q

What are the muscles of the thenar eminence?

A
  • Abductor pollicis brevis
  • Flexor pollicis brevis
  • Opponens pollicis
  • Adductor pollicis
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6
Q

Movements of the thumb

A
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7
Q

Origin of the abductor pollicis brevis?

(Thenar eminence)

A

Tubercle of scaphoid & trapezium & flexor retinaculum

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8
Q

Insertion of the abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

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9
Q

Nerve supply of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Median Nerve

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10
Q

Action of abductor pollicis brevis?

A

Abduct the thumb

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11
Q

Origin of the flexor pollicis brevis

(Thenar emminence)

A

Superficial head: Tubercle of trapezium & flexor retinaculum
Deep head: Trapezoid & capitate bones

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12
Q

Insertion of the flexor pollicis brevis

A

Lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

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13
Q

Nerve supply of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Median nerve

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14
Q

Action of flexor pollicis brevis

A

Flexes the thumb

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15
Q

Origin of opponens pollicis

(Thenar eminence)

A

Tubercle of trapezium & flexor retinaculum

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16
Q

Insertion of the opponens pollicis

A

Lateral half of palmar surface of the first metacarpal bone

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17
Q

Nerve supply of opponens pollicis

A

Median nerve

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18
Q

Action of opponens pollicis

A

Opposition of the thumb

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19
Q

Origins of the adductor pollicis

(Thenar eminence)

A

Oblique head: Capitate bone, bases of 2nd and 3rd metacarpal
Transverse head: Palmar aspect of 3rd metacarpal

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20
Q

Insertion of adductor pollicis

A

Lateral half of palmar surface of the first metacarpal bone

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21
Q

Nerve supply of adductor pollicis

A

Ulnar nerve

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22
Q

Action of the adductor pollicis

A

Adduction of the thumb

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23
Q

What are the muscles of the hypothenar eminence?

A
  • Abductor digiti minimi
  • Flexor digiti minimi
  • Opponens digiti minimi
  • Pamaris brevis
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24
Q

Origin of the abductor digiti minimi

(Hypothenar eminence)

A

Pisiform bone

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25
Insertion of the abductor digiti minimi
Ulnar side of base of proximal phalanx of little finger
26
Nerve supply of the abductor digiti minimi
Ulnar nerve
27
Action of abductor digiti minimi
Abduction of the little finger
28
Origin of flexor digiti minimi | (Hypothenar eminence)
Hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum
29
Insertion of flexor digiti minimi
Ulnar side of base of proximal phalanx of little finger
30
Nerve supply of flexor digiti minimi
Ulnar nerve
31
Action of flexor digiti minimi
Flexion of little finger
32
Origin of opponens digiti minimi | (Hypothenar eminence)
Hook of hamate, flexor retinaculum
33
Insertion of opponens digiti minimi
Medial surface of shart of 5th metacarpal
34
Nerve supply of opponens digiti minimi
Ulnar nerve
35
Action of opponens digiti minimi
Laterally rotates little finger for opposition
36
Origin of palmaris brevis | (Hypothenar eminence)
Flexor retinaculum & palmar aponeurosis
37
Insertion of palmaris brevis
Skin along the medial border of hand
38
Nerve supply of palmaris brevis
Ulnar nerve
39
Action of palmaris nerve
Helps in gripping by making hypothenar eminence prominent
40
Origin of the lumbricals
Tendon of flexor digitorum profundus
41
Insertions of lumbricals
**1st lumbrical**: Insertion on 2nd MCP joint **2nd lumbrical**: Insertion on 3rd MCP joint **3rd lumbrical**: Insertion on 4th MCP joint **4th lumbrical**: Insertion on 5th MCP joint
42
Nerve supply of lumbricals
**1st & 2nd lumbricals** – Median nerve **3rd & 4th lumbricals** – Ulnar Nerve
43
What are the interossei muscles?
4 small muscles between the metacarpal bones
44
Origins of interossei muscles
1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals
45
Insertions of interossei
Extensor expansions of 1st, 2nd, 4th, 5th fingers
46
Nerve supply of interossei
Ulnar Nerve
47
Action of the interossei
Adduct the thumb (1st), index (2nd), the ring (3rd) and little (4th) fingers towards the central axis which pass through the middle finger around which the other fingers move
48
Origin of the interossei | (All are bipennate)
Metacarpal bones
49
Insertion of the dorsal interossei
Extensor expansions of the 2nd, 3rd, 4th fingers The middle finger has two
50
Nerve supply of the dorsal interossei
Ulnar nerve
51
Action of the dorsal interossei
Abduct the index (1st), middle (2nd, 3rd) & the ring (4th) fingers from the central axis which pass through the middle finger
52
What are the arteries of the hand?
**Main arteries**: Ulnar artery Radial artery **Branches**: Superficial branch Radialis indicis and princeps pollicis
53
Ulnar artery pathway
Enters the hand superficial to flexor retinaculum on the radial side of pisiform bone Divides into superficial and deep branches
54
Radial artery pathway
Appears in the palm between two heads of adductor pollicis and continues as deep arch
55
What is the superficial palmar arch?
Anastomosis between ulnar artery & superficial branch of radial artery Located between the palmar aponeurosis and long flexor tendons
56
What are the branches of the superficial palmar arch?
3 palmar metacarpal arteries run in 2nd, 3rd and 4th spaces
57
What is the deep palmar arch?
Formed from radial artery & deep branch of ulnar artery Arises in front of flexor retinaculum and terminal branch of radial artery
58
What are the branches of the deep palmar arch?
Palmar metacarpal arteries supplying lateral one and a half digits
59
What are the veins of the hand?
Dorsal venous network drains into cephalic vein laterally and basilic vein medially
60
Describe the pathway of the basalic vein
Runs medially, deep in the midarm Along with brachial veins forms the axillary vein
61
Describe the pathway of the cephalic veins
Runs laterally in deltopectoral groove Drains into axillary vein

MD1S1: Anatomy 201 (24 decks)

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