Handout 2 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Philippine “history” started only
1521
Pre-colonial inhabitants of our islands showcase a rich past through their folk speeches, folk songs, folk narratives and indigenous rituals and mimetic dances that affirm our ties with our Southeast Asian neighbors
Pre-Colonial Times
most seminal of these folk speeches
riddle
“reveals subtle resemblances between two unlike objects” and one’s power of observation and wit are put to the test
talinghaga or metaphor
express norms or codes of behavior, community beliefs or they instill values by offering nuggets of wisdom in short, rhyming verse.
proverbs or aphorisms
a mono-riming heptasyllabic quatrain expressing insights and lessons on life
tanaga
a form of folk lyric which expresses the hopes and aspirations,
the people’s lifestyles as well as their loves
folk song
They explain how the world was created, how certain animals possess certain characteristics, why some places have waterfalls, volcanoes, mountains, flora or fauna and, in the case of legends, an explanation of the origins of things.
folk narratives
are about animals and these teach moral lessons
Fables
T OR F - Our country’s epics are considered ethno-epics because unlike, say, Germany’s Niebelunginlied, our epics are not national for they are “histories” of varied groups that consider themselves “nations.”
TRUE
Literature in this period may be classified as religious prose and poetry and secular prose and poetry
The Spanish Colonial Tradition
written by ladino poets or those versed in both Spanish and
Tagalog were included in early catechism and were used to teach Filipinos the Spanish language
Religious lyrics
is set in dodecasyllabic quatrains
awit
octosyllabic quatrains
korido
A new set of colonizers brought about new changes in Philippine literature. New literary forms such as free verse [in poetry], the modern short story and the critical essay were introduced.
The American Colonial Period
Filipino writers continue to write poetry, short stories, novellas, novels and essays whether these are socially committed, gender/ethnic related or are personal in intention or not.
The Contemporary Period
Themes in Literature in the 21st Century
Identity
History and Memory
Technology
Intertextuality
In a world that is now able to exchange ideas more quickly than ever before via the Internet and other technological advancements, people have relatively more freedom to draw from multiple cultures and philosophies and question the concept of the self and its relation
to the body, brain and “soul.”
Identity
As contemporary readers are able to look back on history and see how
history has been depicted differently for different audiences
History and Memory
is more integrated into people’s lives than ever
before
Technology
In postmodern style, many contemporary writers recognize a piece of
work as being one among many throughout history. As such, many writers purposely include acknowledgements, references or parallels to other works of fiction, recognizing their place in a larger, broader conversation, context and body of work
Intertextuality
