Handout 3 Flashcards by Tara Haguring

defined as air transportation used for domestic and international passenger service traveling from one place to another. The type determines the maximum flight distance, passenger capacity, seating arrangements, and availability of meal service

passenger aircraft

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These are aircraft driven by propellers or props. They are smaller, relatively slow (with 300 miles per hour (mph) speed), and travel short distances.

Prop Planes

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These aircraft fly faster (with 520 to 560 mph speed), travel longer distances, and are larger. These have two (2) variations based on their configuration: narrow-body and wide-body.

Jet Aircraft

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refers to the way seating is arranged within the aircraft.

Configuration

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This jet usually carries fewer than 200 passengers and is called a regional jet or commuter jet.

Narrow-body Jet

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This jet is larger and has two (2) aisles. It can carry over 200 passengers and is also called a jumbo jet.

Wide-body Jet

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This is the main structure of the aircraft, which contains the cockpit or flight deck and the passenger and cargo compartments. It connects the major parts of an aircraft and carries the payload.

Fuselage

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This is located in front of the fuselage where the pilot sits. It is the command and control center of the aircraft.

Cockpit

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These are commonly known as foils, which are imperative for flight. The airflow over it generates most of the lifting force necessary for a flight

Wings

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This is used in modern airlines to reduce drag (the force that opposes an aircraft’s motion through the air) located on the wings’ tips.

Winglet

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This is the outer hinged part of the wing. It is used to roll the wings from side to side or change roll.

Aileron

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This is the hinged plate on the top portion of the wings. It is used to slow an aircraft
or make an aircraft descend if deployed on both wings. It can also generate a rolling motion for
an aircraft if deployed on only one (1) wing (used in changing lift, drag, and roll)

Spoiler

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This is an additional hinged at the rear sections near the body of the aircraft. It is
deployed downward on takeoff and landing to increase the wings’ force (used in increasing lift
and drag).

Flap

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This is used at takeoff and landing to produce additional force or increase lift during lowspeed operations such as takeoff, initial climb, approach, and landing.

Slat

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This is located beneath the wing and provides the thrust to overcome drag and pushes the airplane forward through the air.

Turbine Engine

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This is located at the end of the aircraft, providing stability and control.
It is also known as the
empennage.

Tail

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This prevents an up-and-down motion of the nose, which is called pitch.

Horizontal Stabilizer

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This is the hinged part of the horizontal stabilizer. It is used to deflect the tail up and down or change pitch

Elevator

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This keeps the plane’s nose from swinging from side to side, which is called yaw

Vertical Stabilizer

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This is the hinged part of the vertical stabilizer, used to deflect the tail to the left and right or change yaw.

Rudder

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the interior section of an aircraft.

aircraft cabin

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This section of an aircraft is generally the most luxurious and expensive, consisting of a small number of seats on each flight. These cabins offer privacy, space, and more comfortable seating to provide a more relaxing environment for passengers. It is also referred to as upper class or premier service having the highest class of service on the aircraft.

First Class

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This is also referred to as an executive class, which business travelers traditionally
purchase. It offers more comfortable for passengers than the economy class. It consists of larger seats and a workstation that provides passengers with additional space to rest and work. These tickets can also be rebooked and are refundable.

Business Class

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This is largely similar to an economy class but with a considerably larger seat
and has more legroom. Many airlines offer this extra class of service on long-haul flights to satisfy the
needs of passengers who are willing to pay extra for a little more comfort.

Premium Economy Class

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This is the cheapest class that offers standard seats and makes up the most seats on an aircraft. Most seats on any aircraft are allocated to passengers of it, and the tickets are usually non-changeable and non-refundable. The seats are narrower and have limited space.

Economy Class

It is where food is prepared on an aircraft. Most food items are pre-prepared by ground catering facilities, and serves an area to store and reheat them.

Galley

these cubicles are located at different positions in the aircraft cabin to satisfy passengers’ bathroom needs.

Lavatory

It is the master panel for the chief purser (chief flight attendant) to control the cabin environment. The panel consists of different indicators and switches to allow flight attendants to monitor safety and service items on an aircraft. It usually consists of light and temperature control, boarding music control, and a water and wastes indicator.

Flight Attendant Panel (FAP)

It allows flight attendants to operate the entertainment system for passengers – a centralized computer stores all aircraft programs that offer audio and video on demand (AVOD) systems.

In-flight Entertainment Control

It is where the general temperature inside the aircraft cabin is controlled. It is usually controlled from the cockpit, but flight attendants can adjust it from the main cabin.

Temperature Control System

It is used by flight attendants to make public addresses for internal communication.

Public Announcement System

This indicates a call from the cockpit crew.

Pink light

This indicates a call from another cabin crew station

Green light

This indicates a call from the service button by a passenger seat.

Blue light

This indicates a call from the service button in a lavatory

Yellow light

It is also known as the crew rest compartment where flight attendants rest, especially during long-haul flights. It is fitted with beds, blankets, pillows, and emergency equipment.

Crew Bunk

These are installed on multiple areas of an aircraft. Passengers board and disembark the aircraft from the main door to the fuselage’s left while other doors function as the service door.

Aircraft Exits

It is placed above-selected windows on both sides of the cabin wall. It shows the best position from which the flight crew can visually inspect the wings’ condition inside the cabin, especially during winter.

Triangle Marker

the tangible products that an airline offers its passengers to meet the highest standard of luxury while onboard

onboard passenger facilities

The type of seat can be pre-booked during reservations or arranged by a ground service agent at check-in.

Passenger Seat

This is located along both sides of the aisle inside an aircraft. Passengers in this type of seat have easy access to the corridor and have additional legroom.

Aisle Seat

This is located between two (2) seats. It is situated between the window seat and the aisle seat and is a less popular choice for passengers.

Middle Seat

This is located on the sides of the cabin next to a window. It is popular with passengers who prefer a wall to lean on while sleeping and get a bird’s eye view of the scenery outside the aircraft.

Window Seat

This is a row of seats where passenger legroom extends to the divider wall instead of seats directly in front. It is a typical option for disabled passengers and passengers traveling with infants.

Bulkhead Seat

This is located next to over-the-wing exits or full-sized exit doors where additional legroom is offered.

Exit Rows Seat

It is a feature on a seat where passengers can rest their arms.

Armrests

This seat feature may be adjusted to create more comfort with greater support for the head on some aircraft.

Headrest

All seats are equipped with a table that passengers can use for meals and work, while others use it for sleeping.

Fold-down/fold-out Tray Table

It is a support used to elevate the foot while passengers are seated. It is often found on first and business-class passenger seats and can be raised from the bottom of the seat.

Footrest

This can be found in all seats inside the aircraft cabin. It is designed to keep passengers in their seats during takeoff and landing and common events such as turbulence or collision on the runway.

In-Flight Seat Belt

Airlines use this to distribute different publications for passengers

Passenger’s Seat Pocket

This reading material often includes short articles on festivals, museum openings or new exhibits, wine tasting, theater, and other events targeted towards tourists.

In-flight magazine

This contains the latest information about the in-flight entertainment system. It lists a synopsis of the movies, videos, and audio programs loaded into the airline entertainment system.

In-flight entertainment guide

This contains the duty-free merchandise that an airline offers on a flight and is distributed only on international flights, as domestic passengers are not entitled to purchase duty-free goods.

Duty-free magazine

It is a document that demonstrates safety features on an aircraft,including evacuation procedures and paths. It also contains graphic images with limited writing, making it self-explanatory to passengers who speak different languages

Safety instructions card.

This is provided for each passenger and used for those who get motion sickness.

Airsickness bag.

Passengers may store their carry-on baggage in the overhead bin or the space beneath the seat in front. The sizes of overhead bins vary across aircraft types, and it has two (2) designs: self-bin and pivot and translating.

Baggage Storage

This kind of storage cabinet opens outward and up. They are often found as an outboard overhead storage bin on older interior designs.

Self-bin

This kind of storage cabinet is designed to open out and down. They have a controlled rate of opening and provide better visibility during opening and closing.

Pivot and translating

This is located above each seat in the overhead panel above the passenger seats in the cabin. It contains reading lights, loudspeakers, illuminated signs, automatically deployed oxygen masks,and louvers that provide conditioned air.

Passenger Service Unit (PSU) .

This is installed on the seat’s headrest in front or as a foldaway, allowingpassengers to display their monitor and choose their movies and programs.

In-Flight Entertainment (IFE) System.

These are offered to passengers to increase comfort during their flight. First and business class passengers often get them as part of their standard service, while economy class passengers receive them for long-haul flights.

Pillow and blanket.

This is distributed to first and business-class passengers for long-haul trips. Select airline soffer pajamas and slippers to first and business class as part of the overnight accessories.

Overnight kit.

. These are provided in the lavatory shared by passengers. These are placed next to the sink,and passengers are free to use them.

Toiletries

. These are specially designed and may only be used on the aircraft entertainment systemsince they are incompatible with any other electronic device.

Headphones

This is distributed to young passengers. It consists of onboard activities and snacks to keep children busy throughout the flight

Child kit.

This is the preparation time for a flight. The pilots will begin walking around the aircraft to check for abnormalities such as oil leaks, tire wear, or damaged control surfaces.

Pre-departure

This is done once the aircraft is boarded with passengers and cargo and all doors are closed. The pilots will then obtain a ground clearance from the airport control tower to taxi.

Clearance to Taxi.

This is when an aircraft accelerates to a flying speed that is particular to every flight. The landing gear is retracted once it becomes airborne

Takeoff

This is when pilots reduce from takeoff power to a lesser thrust to climb once a safe altitude has been reached

Initial Climb.

This usually happens five (5) minutes into the climb, and the passenger seatbelt sign is turned off.

Climb to Cruise Altitude.

This is where the bulk of the flight is spent. The optimum depends on the aircraft’s weight, and usually, an aircraft will ascend as the flight progresses and the fuel weight is burnt off.

Cruise Altitude.

This is the decrease in altitude from the cruise altitude to the initial approach altitude. It happens approximately 20 minutes from the estimated time of arrival (ETA).

Descent.

. This is when the aircraft has to be configured for landing and is predetermined at the flightplanning stage. The aircraft will gradually slow down, its wheels will be lowered, it will line up on whatthey call ‘final,’ it will continue to approach the path and then land.

Approach

This is the critical stage of a flight. It is where the aircraft slows to such an extent that it isinches away from the ground. The speed is different for every flight and is dependent on the same factors as for takeoff.

Landing.

This refers to maneuvering from the runway after landing to the terminal via the taxiways to a designated arrival bay.

Taxi to the terminal.

This is where the cabin crew is replaced or retained to start over for the next leg

Post-flight

refers to the wide range of services provided to address the service requirements of an aircraft between the time it arrives at a terminal gate and the time it departs on its next flight.

Ground handling

These services ensure passenger comfort, which is the primary aim of these services.These include cleaning the cabin and replenishing onboard consumables (e.g., soap,tissues, toilet paper,reading materials) and washable items (e.g., pillows and blankets) .

Cabin services

These services include unloading unused food and drink, emptying trash-filled trolleys from the previous flight, and loading fresh ones. The meal preparation is also included to minimize the amount of preparation required in the air.

Catering services

These services include the following: guiding the aircraft in and out of the parking position, towing with pushback tractors and passenger stairs, draining of the lavatories, de-icing of snow or frost, handling of luggage, and refueling.

Ramp services

These include dispatching the aircraft and maintaining communication with the rest of the airline operation staff at the airport and with the Air Traffic Control.

Field operation services –

These include the services in the airport terminal

Passenger services

This is provided at most terminals for on-the-spot purchase, although most passengers will arrive at the airport with tickets in hand.

Ticketing.

. This is when customer service agents assist passengers, verify documentation, tag and process checked baggage, and ensure that cabin baggage conforms to regulated size, weight, and content.

Check-in

This involves the acceptance of passenger’s heavy baggage items.

Over-sized Baggage.

This is when passenger service agents ensure that the appropriate number of check-in desks are available, staffed, have the appropriate identification signage, and direct and control the flow of passengers in an orderly and efficient manner.

Lobby Management.

This is when customer service agents accommodate requirements such as rebooking passengers who have missed connections or providing meal and accommodation vouchers, or alternate transportation arrangements, in the event of delay or cancellation of flights.

Irregular Operations.

This is when customer service agents arrange wheelchairs or other transport to the departure gate for mobility-impaired passengers.

Special Needs Handling.

This is done in coordination with the airport authority, where aircraft gates will be assigned, and the gate information relayed to the passengers.

Gate Assignment

This involves managing lounge services provided to qualified passengers in the business and first before and/or after their flight.

Lounge Management

This is when ground agents make appropriate boarding announcements, conduct final passenger screening and document verification, and provide a final passenger manifest and customer documentation to the aircraft crew.

Aircraft Boarding.

This is when ground staff members receive any inbound customs paperwork, accept arriving passengers at the aircraft, and facilitate their transfer to the terminal building, dealing as necessary with issues arising from inbound delay, cancellation, or connecting flights.

Aircraft Disembarkation

This is when ground agents assist with lost, misdirected, or damaged passenger baggage.

Baggage Services.

Handout 3 Flashcards

(94 cards)