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NET TECH > Handout 5 > Flashcards

Handout 5 Flashcards

1
Q

a process wherein a new string of information is added to an existing unit to form a new unit of information. a new datagram is formed by adding headers and trailers to a data payload

A

encapsulation

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2
Q

reverse process of encapsulation, wherein the header and tail of a packet are removed to obtain the data payload

A

decapsulation

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3
Q

can be considered as the information to be transmitted

A

data payload

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4
Q

a data unit that is exchanged and transmitted on a network. it is in the format of header+data payload+tail

A

packet

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5
Q

the information segment added before the data payload during packet assembly to facilitate information transmission

A

header

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6
Q

the information segment added after the payload to facilitate information transmission

A

tail

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7
Q

a specific block of information transferred over a network. it is often used in reference to the OSI model, since it describes the different types of data that are transferred from each layer

A

protocol data unit (PDU)

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8
Q

raw bits (1s or 0s) transmitted physically via the hardware

A

physical layer

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9
Q

a frame (or series of bits)

A

data link layer

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10
Q

a packet that contains the source and destination address

A

network layer

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11
Q

a segment that includes a TCP header and data

A

transport layer

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12
Q

the data passed to the network connection

A

session layer

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13
Q

the data formatted for presentation

A

presentation layer

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14
Q

the data received or transmitted by a software application

A

application layer

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15
Q

it defines a packet an an addressing scheme, transfers data between the internet layer and network access layer, and routes packets to remote hosts

A

internet protocol (IP)

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16
Q

it refers to a TCP/IP protocol that handles errors and controls the process of sending data between computers. specifically, routers and hosts use this to send reports of problems about packets that return to the original source that sent the packet. it also includes an echo request/reply that is used to test whether a destination is reachable and responding

A

internet control message protocol (ICMP)

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17
Q

refers to a TCP/IP protocol that handles multicasting/ hosts use this to keep local routers apprised of their membership in multicast groups

A

internet group management protocol (IGMP)

18
Q

refers to a TCP/IP protocol that obtains the physical address of a node from a specific IP number, it is used to dynamically bind a high-level IP address to a low-level physical hardware address and is used across a single physical network. it is limited to networks that support hardware broadcast

A

address resolution protocol (ARP)

19
Q

refers to a TCP/IP protocol that allows a host with no local permanent data storage media to find its internet address given its physical address

A

reverse address resolution protocol (RARP)

20
Q

refers to a family of LANs, covered by a group of IEEE 802.3 standards, it is a best-effort delivery system that uses a CSMA/CD access method

A

ethernet

21
Q

refers to the protocol used for data transfer across a serial line

A

point-to-point protocol (PPP_

22
Q

a set of ANSI protocols for sending digital data over fiber optic cable

A

fiber distributed data interface (FDDI)

23
Q

refers to a wide area protocol that features high data rates and equal-sized packets/cells suitable for text, audio, and video data transfer

A

asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)

24
Q

this is a WAN protocol for LAN internetworking that provides a fast and efficient method of transmitting information from one user device to another across multiple switches and routers

A

frame relay

25
Q

this protocol is used when a network terminal needs to pass data from one segment to another without changing its current IP address information

A

proxy ARP

26
Q

basic element of data communication networks, which is the process of selecting paths on a network along which packets are sent from a source to a destination

A

routing

27
Q

enables a router to compare the destination address to the available routes in its routing table and to select the best path

A

path determination

28
Q

these are the path information used to guide packet forwarding

A

routes

29
Q

a network device that forwards packets to a destination subnet based on routes

A

routing device (router

30
Q

it is the overall network-wide process of finding the most efficient path for forwarding the IP packet from source to destination through the use of network routing tables, protocols, and algorithms

A

packet routing

31
Q

it identifies a destination subnet

A

destination

32
Q

it identifies a subnet together with a destination IP address

A

mask

33
Q

it indicates the interface through which a data packet is sent out of the local router

A

outbound interface

34
Q

it indicates the next-hop address used by the router to forward the data packet to the destination subnet

A

next hop

35
Q

it is simply a passing or moving of information between interfaces

A

packet forwarding

36
Q

refers to the way a packet is handled by the underlying physical networks under the control of the network layer

A

packet delivery

37
Q

occurs when the IP node forwards a packet to its final destination in the network

A

direct delivery

38
Q

occurs when the IP node forwards a packet to an intermediate node because the final destination is not on a directly attached network

A

indirect deliver

39
Q

it is a database that contains information about which router network interface or port to place information to send it to a particular network segment

A

routing taable

40
Q

cost is also known as

A

metric

41
Q

routes that are automatically generated by devices and point to local directly connected networks, these are routes destined for the subnets to which directly connected interfaces belong

A

direct routes

42
Q

these routes are manually configured by network administrators, this can be an effective method for networks with small and simple structures and reduce the effect of bandwidth and CPU resource consumption that occurs when other protocols are implemented

A

static rotues

NET TECH (6 decks)

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