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Rapid Reference - Dermatology > Hands and feet > Flashcards

Hands and feet Flashcards

1
Q

What is the commonest site of contact dermatitis

A

Hands

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2
Q

What is contact dermatitis

A

An eczema precipitated by an exogenous agent, often chemical

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3
Q

Who is contact dermatitis common in

A

those undertaking domestic chores, women with young children
in industry

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4
Q

What is allergic contact dermatitis an example of

A

cell-mediated hypersensitivity

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5
Q

What are some common allergens

A

chromate (cement, tanned leather, anticorrosives)
Colophonium (glue, varnish, polish)
Fragrance: cosmetics, creams, soaps, detergents
Nickel e.g Jewellery, zips, scissors
preservatives e.g. cosmetics, creams and oils
rubber chemicals, tyres, boots, shoes, belts, condoms, gloves

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6
Q

What is scabies

A

human infestation by the mite Sarcoptes scabei var. hominis

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7
Q

How is scabies transferred

A

direct physical

sexual contact

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8
Q

What is the characteristic feature of scabies

A

presence of burrows (irregular tortuous and slightly scaly tunnels in the epidermis)
ITCHING!!

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9
Q

What is Norwegian scabies

A

In institutionalised or immunosuppressed patients, large numbers of mites proliferate and produce the crusted eruption

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10
Q

What is the treatment for scabies

A

Malathion (prioderm) and permethrin (Lyclear Dermal Cream)

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11
Q

What technique for topical treatment of scabies is suggested

A

Apply the lotion or cream to the entire body surface from the neck down, paying special attention to the finger web spaces and under the fingernails
Leave the lotion on for 24 hours then wash off
A repeat after 1 week is suggested but usually unnecessary

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12
Q

What are the commonest causes of nail disease

A

fungal infection
trauma
psoriasis

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13
Q

What are Beau’s lines

A

transverse grooves

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14
Q

What is clubbing a sign of

A 
cyanotic heart disease
infective endocarditis
lung carcinoma 
fibrosing alveolitis 
congenital
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15
Q

What is the cause of a blue-green nail

A

Pseudomonas infection

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16
Q

What is koilonychia

A

spoon-shaped depression of nail plate

17
Q

What causes Koilonychia

A

Iron deficiency anaemia
lichen Plans
repeated exposure tot detergents

18
Q

What is onycholysis

A

separation of nail form nail bed

19
Q

What are causes of onycholysis

A

Psoriasis
fungal infection
trauma

20
Q

What are causes of pitting in the nails

A

psoriasis
eczema
alopecia areata
lichen Plans

21
Q

Describe the appearance of onychomycosis

A

thickened, crumbly and yellow nail plate with subungual hyperkeratosis

22
Q

What are the most common benign cutaneous tumours

A

Warts (verrucae)

23
Q

What are the cause of warts

A

infection of epidermal cells with HPV

24
Q

How do common warts present

A

dome-shaped papules or nodules with a papilliferous surface

25
Q

Describe the appearance of plane warts

A

smooth- flat-topped papule often brownish in colour

26
Q

Describe plantar warts

A

seen in children and adolescents on the soles of feet

painful and covered by callus which when pared reveals dark punctate spots

27
Q

What is the treatment for common warts

A

Some disappear spontaneously within 6 months
Hand and foot can be pared by a scalpel or a pumice stone to get rid of keratotic skin and allow easier treatment
Cryosurgery with liquid nitrogen is the usual therapy

28
Q

What can be used once daily for hand and foot warts

A

Topical salicylic and lactic acid preparations

29
Q

What is pyogenic granuloma

A

a rapidly developing bright red or blood-crusted nodule which bleeds easily and enlarges rapidly

30
Q

Where does pyogenic granuloma typically form

A

site of trauma e.g. a prick from a thorn

31
Q

What is the treatment for pyogenic granuloma

A

Curettage and cautery or excision with histology of the specimen

Rapid Reference - Dermatology (4 decks)

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