Hard and Soft coastal management strategies Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is hard engineering in coastal management?
Hard engineering involves the use of solid structures to protect coastlines from erosion and flooding.
True or False: Soft engineering methods are usually more environmentally friendly than hard engineering methods.
True
Fill in the blank: __________ are structures built parallel to the coastline to absorb wave energy.
Groynes
What is the main purpose of sea walls?
To protect the coast from wave attack and prevent flooding.
Which of the following is a soft engineering strategy? A) Sea walls B) Beach nourishment C) Groynes
B) Beach nourishment
What is the primary benefit of using soft engineering techniques?
They are more sustainable and often enhance the natural environment.
True or False: Rip-rap is a form of hard engineering.
True
What coastal management strategy involves adding sand to beaches?
Beach nourishment
Fill in the blank: __________ are used to stabilize the beach and prevent erosion by intercepting longshore drift.
Groynes
What is managed retreat in coastal management?
Allowing the coastline to move back naturally while managing the impacts on human activities.
Which hard engineering method is designed to protect cliffs from erosion?
Rock armour
True or False: Soft engineering solutions are typically more expensive than hard engineering solutions.
False
What is the effect of sea walls on the beach environment?
They can lead to beach erosion as they reflect wave energy.
What does the term ‘longshore drift’ refer to?
The movement of sediment along the coastline by wave action.
Fill in the blank: __________ is a technique that involves planting vegetation to stabilize sand dunes.
Dune regeneration
Which of the following is NOT a hard engineering strategy? A) Breakwaters B) Revetments C) Dune regeneration
C) Dune regeneration
What is the disadvantage of using hard engineering methods?
They can be expensive to construct and maintain and may disrupt natural processes.
True or False: Beach nourishment is a permanent solution to coastal erosion.
False
What is the role of breakwaters in coastal management?
To create calm water areas by absorbing wave energy.
Fill in the blank: __________ involves the use of natural processes to protect coastlines.
Soft engineering
What is a disadvantage of soft engineering methods?
They may require regular maintenance and can be less effective in extreme weather.
Which hard engineering strategy can lead to increased erosion downstream?
Groynes
What is the primary goal of coastal management?
To protect coastal areas from erosion and flooding while balancing environmental concerns.
True or False: Hard engineering techniques are generally less effective than soft engineering techniques in the long term.
False
