hardware components

Question 1

Contains and protects the motherboard, hard disk drive, memory, and other hardware components

Answer 1

System unit or chassis (case)

Question 2

Multiuse port for connecting devices like keyboards, mice, printers and external storage for data transfer and charging

Answer 2

USB (universal serial bus)

Question 3

Ports used for connecting internal and external storage devices, allowing data storage and retrieval

Answer 3

Storage/ disk | ex: SATA or M.2

Question 4

Ports for connecting to networks, enabling internet access and data exchange between devices

Answer 4

Network /communications | ex: Ethernet or WiFi

Question 5

Connector and optical ports used for ____ input and output, connecting headphones, speakers, and mic

Answer 5

Audio

Question 6

Ports for transmitting ____ signals to displays such as monitor and projectors

Answer 6

Video | ex: HDMI, DisplayPort, VGA

Question 7

Connectors used for supplying electricity to devices and charging batteries

Answer 7

Power | ex: AC power socket or DC power jacks

Question 8

Main circuit board of the computer

Answer 8

Motherboard or system board

Question 9

Many electronic components like processor and memory are attached to this, others are built into it

Answer 9

Motherboard

Question 10

Brain of the computer, usually a silicon chip

Answer 10

Central processing unit (cpu)

Question 11

What covers the cpu socket

Answer 11

Heatsink - to absorb heat from the cpu
Fan - to cool/dissipitate heat

Question 12

controls communication between CPU, memory, storage and other peripherals (keyboard, mouse, monitor)

Answer 12

chipset

Question 13

determines how many high speed components or devices the motherboard can support

Answer 13

chipset

Question 14

Temporarily stores data whenever the computer performs operations

Answer 14

random accessed memory (RAM), or main memory

Question 15

contents of memory ____ when computer is turned off

Answer 15

disappears

Question 16

long term storage that holds data even when computer is turned off

Answer 16

hard disk drive (HDD), most computers now uses solid state drive (SSD)

Question 17

converts electricity from the outlet (AC) to a type of power (DC) that the computer can use

Answer 17

power supply or laptop AC adapter

Question 18

different motherboards and computers require _____ wattages on the power supply

Answer 18

different

Question 19

In desktop computers, power supply has built in ____

Answer 19

fans, to keep power supply cool

Question 20

Why do motherboards have expansion slots and adapter cards?

Answer 20

Although most motherboards have built in video sound and network, User might want to improve the performance and quality of a comp.

Question 21

input or output pathway that connect the CPU vis expansion slots, to the peripheral devices

Answer 21

peripheral component interconnect PCI

Question 22

computer bus interface used to connect drive disk controllers or host bus adapters with mass storage devices like optical drives and HDD

Answer 22

Serial Advance Technology Attachment (SATA)

Question 23

responsible for keeping all info intact when the entire system is shutdown

Answer 23

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) battery

Question 24

This prevents reconfiguration when the PC is powered off

Answer 24

Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) battery

Question 25

interprets and carries out basic instructions that operate a computer

Answer 25

processor

Question 26

On large computer systems like mainframes and supercomputers, the various functions performed by the processor extend over ______

Answer 26

many separate chips and multiple circuit boards

Question 27

On a personal computer system, all functions of the processor usually are on ______

Answer 27

single chip called microprocessor

Question 28

contains the circuitry necessary to execute instructions

Answer 28

core

Question 29

how does the OS view each processor core

Answer 29

it views them as a separate processor

Question 30

single chip with two or more processor cores

Answer 30

multicore processor

Question 31

cpu has how many units

Answer 31

2 main unit: control unit, arithmetic logic unit

Question 32

component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer

Answer 32

control unit | ex: sending instruction to printer

Question 33

component of the processor that interprets each instructions issued by a program and then initiates the appropriate action to cary out the instructions

Answer 33

control unit

Question 34

component of the processor that performs arithmetic and logic operations

Answer 34

arithmetic logic unit

Question 35

arithmetic = ? logic = ?

Answer 35

+, -, /, * >, < or =

Question 36

for every instruction, a processor ___ a set of four basic operations

Answer 36

repeats, Machine Cycle

Question 37

Machine cycle steps

Answer 37

fetching decoding executing storing

Question 38

in machine cycle: process of obtaining a program instruction or data item from memory

Answer 38

fetching

Question 39

in machine cycle: refers to the process of translating the instruction into signals the computer can execute

Answer 39

decoding

Question 40

in machine cycle: process of carrying out commands

Answer 40

executing

Question 41

in machine cycle: writing the results back to memory

Answer 41

storing

Question 42

a processor contains small, high speed storage called ____ that temporarily holds data

Answer 42

registers | temporary storage is for immediate instructions

Question 43

processor relies on small quarts crystal circuit called ____ to control the timing of all computer operations

Answer 43

system clock | ex: shooting game, if u click the mouse to shoot, the timing of when user clicks and the bullet comes out should be at the same time

Question 44

system clock generates regular ______ or ______ that set the operating pace of components of the system unit.

Answer 44

electronic pulses or ticks

Question 45

each tick =

Answer 45

one clock cycle

Question 46

processors today are ____, meaning they can execute more than one instruction per clock cycle

Answer 46

superscalar

Question 47

The pace of the system clock is called ____ and is measured by the ____

Answer 47

clock speed, number of ticks per second

Question 48

current processors can reach clock speeds in ______ range

Answer 48

gigahertz (billion if cycles per second)

Question 49

the faster the clock speed..

Answer 49

more instructions the processor can execute per second