HASS Test United Nations Flashcards
(47 cards)
What is an international treaty?
A formal agreement between actors in the international sphere, usually nations.
International treaties guide countries to follow global human rights standards and often lead to new laws or changes to protect people’s rights.
What does ratification mean in the context of treaties?
The process of a treaty being passed through the parliament of the signing country.
Ratification gives legal force to the treaty by enacting it into domestic law.
Define human rights.
Fundamental, inalienable rights that apply to all individuals, based on dignity, equality, and mutual respect.
What is discrimination?
The unjust treatment of different categories of people, especially on the grounds of ethnicity, age, sex, or disability.
What does legally enforceable mean?
A law that can be upheld by a court of law, meaning parties can be held accountable for their obligations.
What is the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Act?
A global standard that lists the basic human rights that all people should have, like the right to life, equality, and freedom.
When was the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted?
10th December 1948.
Who led the group that worked to write the UDHR?
Eleanor Roosevelt.
What are the three main aims of the United Nations?
- Secure international peace
- Eliminate poverty
- Protect human rights
What is the Security Council?
A part of the United Nations responsible for maintaining international peace and security, consisting of 15 members.
How many permanent members does the Security Council have?
5 permanent members: United States, Russia, China, France, and United Kingdom.
What is foreign aid?
When aid is given by one country to another, usually in the form of money, resources, or expertise.
What is the role of a peacekeeper?
A group from the United Nations sent to maintain peace in areas of conflict, prevent fighting, and provide security.
Define global citizens.
People who feel a sense of responsibility not just to their own country, but to the world as a whole.
What is asylum?
Protection given by a country to people who have fled their own country due to risk of harm.
What are the three steps that make a treaty legally enforceable in Australia?
- Signed
- Ratified
- Enforced
What is the purpose of the Convention on the Rights of the Child?
To establish and protect the rights of children, defining them as individuals up to the age of 18.
When was the Convention on the Rights of the Child created?
November 20, 1989.
What is the purpose of the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination?
To end all forms of racism and ensure everyone is treated equally, regardless of race.
When was the Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination created?
December 21, 1965.
Why are treaties not entirely effective for human rights?
Signing treaties is optional, and not all countries that sign ratify and enforce them.
Who served as President of the United Nations General Assembly and advocated for the UDHR?
Henry Robert Evatt.
What is the International Committee of the Red Cross?
A humanitarian organization that protects and assists people affected by armed conflict and violence.
When was the International Committee of the Red Cross founded?
1863 in Switzerland.
