Hazardous Earth

Question 1

Why is the equator the hottest part of the Earth ?

Answer 1

The suns energy is most concentrated there

Question 2

Circulation Cell

Answer 2

Warm air rises as it’s less dense creating an area of low pressure.

Cool air sinks and it becomes more dense creating and area of high pressure.

Question 3

Climate at the Equator

Answer 3

High Temperatures + Heavy Rainfall

Question 4

High Pressure Climate Conditions

Answer 4

Arid / Dry - Lack of Rainfall

Question 5

3 Circulation Cells

Answer 5

1. Hadley Cell
2. Ferrel Cell
3. Polar Cell

Question 6

What redistributes heat around the world ?

Answer 6

Wind + Ocean Currents

Question 7

What areas does air move from and to ?

Answer 7

Air moves from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure.

Question 8

Bars on a Climate Graph

Answer 8

Precipitation

Question 9

Line on Climate Graph

Answer 9

Temperature

Question 10

4 Layers of Earth

Answer 10

1.Crust
2.Mantle
3.Outer Core
4.Inner Core

Question 11

Thickest Layer of Earth

Answer 11

Mantle

Question 12

Solid Layers of Earth

Answer 12

1.Crust
2.Inner Core

Question 13

2 Types of Crust

Answer 13

Oceanic + Continental Crust

Question 14

Which type of crust is more dense ?

Answer 14

Oceania Crust

Question 15

What happens when Oceanic Crust Subducts ?

Answer 15

The Oceanic Crust goes under (subducts) the Continental Crust at specific Plate Boundaries

Question 16

Convergent Plate Boundry

Answer 16

Move towards each other

Oceanic Plate subducts under Continental Plate

Question 17

Collision Plate Boundary

Answer 17

Move towards each other

Two Continental Plates collide and are forced up

(Fold Mountains e.g Himalayas)

Question 18

Divergent Plate Boundry

Answer 18

Two plates move away from each other and magma rises between the two plates.

Question 19

Conservative Plate Boundary

Answer 19

Two plates slide past each other causing friction.

The release causes a hazard.

(Tsunami, Earthquake)

Question 20

Characteristics of Shield Volcano

Answer 20

Gentle Slopes + Wide Base

Non Viscous Lava

Non Explosive Eruptions

Basaltic Lava

Question 21

Characteristics of Composite Volcano

Answer 21

Tall and Narrow Base

Formed on Convergent Plate Boundary

Viscous Lava

Explosive Eruptions

Andesitic Lava

Question 22

Hotspots

Answer 22

An area that exists over Mantle Plume

Volcanoes are formed over hotspots then carried away via tectonic movement for another volcano to form.

Question 23

Cooling Period in Earths History

Answer 23

Glacial Period

Question 24

4 Natural Causes of Climate Change

Answer 24

Orbital Theory

Solar Activity - Sunspots

Asteroid Collisions

Volcanic Activity

Question 25

Volcanic Activity - Climate Change

Answer 25

Ash and Gases block the suns rays causing the planet to cool.

Question 26

Solar Activity - Climate Change

Answer 26

Sunspots give bursts of energy / heat that cause a surplus and that rises temperature.

Question 27

Evidence for Past Climate Change

Answer 27

Ice Core Analasis Tree Ring Analasis Historical Records

Question 28

Greenhouse Effect

Answer 28

Greenhouse Gases trap heat in the atmosphere.

Question 29

Enhanced Greenhouse Effect

Answer 29

Human Activities enhance the greehouse effect to further warm the earth. (Energy Production, Agriculture)

Question 30

Evidence for Human Induced Climate Change

Answer 30

Melting Ice Caps Rising Sea Levels Extreme Weather

Question 31

Thermal Expansion

Answer 31

As the Oceans get warmer they expand and cause sea levels to rise.

Question 32

Consequences of Climate Change

Answer 32

Coastal Flooding Droughts Extreme Weather

Question 33

Haiti Earthquake - Backround

Answer 33

2010 7.0 Magnitude Developing Country Happened near Port au Prince (Capital)

Question 34

Haiti Earthquake - Primary Impacts

Answer 34

316, 000 died All Hospitals Collapsed 180,000 homes destroyed

Question 35

Haiti Earthquake - Secondary Impacts

Answer 35

Police and gov collapses —> Looting started Cholera broke out in squatter camps

Question 36

Haiti Earthquake - Short Term Responses

Answer 36

International Rescue Teams Engineers Cleared Port for medical aid

Question 37

Haiti Earthquake - Long Term Responses

Answer 37

235, 000 people relocated to less damaged areas World bank cancelled Haiti’s debt for 5 years

Question 38

Hurricane Katrina - Backround

Answer 38

1800 People died Economic cost of $100 Billion

Question 39

Hurricane Katrina - Preperation

Answer 39

Levis for flooding but we’re breached Forecasting and alerts Evacuation

Question 40

Hurricane Katrina - Responses

Answer 40

National Guard to restore order Fire department helped rescue $20 Billion on flood defences