Hazards

Question 1

volcano

Answer 1

A rupture in the crust of Earth that allows hot lava volcanic ash and gases to escape

Question 2

tsunami

Answer 2

a large sea wave caused by an earthquake

Question 3

earthquake

Answer 3

a violent shaking of the ground, typically causing great destruction, as a result of movements of the earth’s tectonic plates

Question 4

Richter scale

Answer 4

the scale used to measure the magnitude of an earthquake

Question 5

seismic waves

Answer 5

waves of energy that travel through the earth as a result of an earthquake, volcanic eruption or explosion

Question 6

subduction zone

Answer 6

where one tectonic plate slips below another

Question 7

rift zone

Answer 7

a large area of the earth in which tectonic plates are moving away from each other

Question 8

hotspot

Answer 8

an area of the earth’s surface where the crust is thin and there can be volcanic activity

Question 9

sheild volcano

Answer 9

a domed volcano with gently sloping sides

Question 10

Cinder Cone Volcano

Answer 10

Cinder cone volcanoes form when lava erupts from a single opening in the ground. The eruption forms a hill with a crater in the center.

Question 11

Dome Volcano

Answer 11

a volcano that forms when thick, viscious lava erupts, hardening into a dome shape

Question 12

Composite Volcano

Answer 12

a composite volcano, is a conical volcano built up by many layers of hardened lava

Question 13

weathering

Answer 13

the breaking down of bare rock mainly by water cooling and freezing as a result of temperature change

Question 14

erosion

Answer 14

the wearing away and removal of soil by natural forces such as wind, water and human activity

Question 15

deposition

Answer 15

the laying down of material carried by rivers, wind, ice and waves.

Question 16

plate tectonics

Answer 16

a scientific theory explaining the structure of the earth’s crust

Question 17

transoortation

Answer 17

the movement of eroded materials to a new location by natural forces such as wind and water

Question 18

hot desert

Answer 18

a desert thats temperatures range between 45C and-15C in a 24 hour period. mostly located between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Cspricorn

Question 19

cold deserts

Answer 19

cold deserts lie on high gorund usually north of Tropic of Cancer and South of the tropic ofCapricorn/ they include polar deserts and any precipitation falls as snow

Question 20

hot desert examples

Answer 20

the sahara, the arabian desert, the mojave desert

Question 21

cold deserts

Answer 21

antarctic desert, patagonian desert, gobi desert

Question 22

convergent plates

Answer 22

plates that move towards eachother and may create mintain ranges

Question 23

diverging plates

Answer 23

lpates that move away from eachother

Question 24

folding

Answer 24

geologic process by which surfaces in rocks become curved during deformation.

Question 25

faulting

Answer 25

an area on the earth's surface that has a fracture

Question 26

uplifting

Answer 26

Uplifting is the process by which Earth's surface slowly rises

Question 27

importance of soil

Answer 27

soil is essential for healthy plant growth, human nutrition, and water filtration.

Question 28

australian landforms

Answer 28

uluru cradle mountain flinders ranges

Question 29

how are mintains formed

Answer 29

when pieces of Earth's crust (tectonic plates) converge against each other in a process called plate tectonics

Question 30

karst landscapes

Answer 30

karst landscapes are landscapes where the dissolving of bedrock has created sinkholes, sinking streams, caves and springs. karst landscapes have soluble rock types like limestone and marble. karst caves contain stalagmites and stalactites

Question 31

4 landform regions of australia

Answer 31

the coastal plains the eastern highlands the central lowlands the western plateau