hazards Flashcards
(21 cards)
what is fatalism
a view that people cannot influence or shape the outcome of a hazardous event
what happens in stage 1 of the park model
occurs prior to the event and shows that quality of life is at its normal equilibrium level
what happens at stage 2 of the park model
hazard occurs QOL is still normal
what happens at stage 3
event has happen.
search and rescue is underway
QOL drops for serveal hours of days deping on level of development of country and how serve the hazard was
what happens at stage 4 of the park model
relief strategies are underway - organised programme of help but quality of life starts to improve
what happens at stage 5 of the park model
long term human responses. quality of life returns to normal or in some cases above normal
what are the 4 stages to the hazard management cycle
mitigation
preparedness
response
recovery
what happens during prepardness HMC
warning systems
plans
emergency exercises / training
what happens during response for HMC
search and rescue
public warning systems
what happens during recovery for HMC
temporary housing
care
counselling
what happens during mitigation for HMC
preventing future emergencies or minimising their affect
public education
building codes and zones
what is adaptation
lower cost so done by anyone
education
own past experiences
based upon likelihood
who came up with the continental drift theory
Alfred Wergner
how did Alfred describe super-continent Pangaea
as a single continent that existed about 300 million years ago that later spilt again and then again to form countries
what are some of the geological evidence for the theory of continental drift that Alfred proposed
- the continents either side of the Atlantic ocean fit together such as south America and west Africa
2.evidence of late carboniferous glaciation. deposits which are found in south America Antarctica and India. these formation of deposits cannot be explained by their present position they must have been formed together then moved
3.rock sequence in northern Scotland closely agree with those found in eastern Canada indicating that they were laid down under the same conditions in one location
what are some of the biological evidence for the theory of continental drift that Alfred proposed
1.the fossilised remains of a plant which existed when coal was being formed have been located in only India and Antarctica
2.fossil remains of the reptile Mesosaurus are found in both south America and southern Africa it is unlikely that the same reptile could have developed in both areas or that it could have migrated across the Atlantic
what was the development of the continental drift theory
the mid Atlantic ridge was discovered
examination of the ocean crust either side of the mid Atlantic ridge suggested that sea floor spreading was occurring .
what is the evidence for sea floor spreading
alternating polarity of the rocks that form the oceanic crust
what is palaeomagnetism
iron particles in the lava erupted on the ocean floor are aligned with the earths magnetic field. as the lava solidifies these particles provide a permanent record of the earths polarity at the time of the eruption
what do the striped patterns mirrored exactly on either side of a mid oceanic ridge suggest?
that the oceanic crust is moving away from this boundary. the oceanic crust gets older with distance from the mid oceanic ridge.
