Hazards - (seismic) Kashmir 2005 Flashcards
(12 cards)
1
Q
What magnitude was the earthquake?
A
7.6
2
Q
When did it occur?
A
8th October 2005
3
Q
Where is Kashmir located?
A
landlocked, north of India and Pakistan, next to China and Afghanistan
4
Q
What plate boundary is it on?
A
Indian and Eurasian collision plate margin
5
Q
What were the social impacts?
A
- 80,000 died
- around 3 million homeless
- water pipes & electricity lines broken
- landslides buried people & buildings
- water bourne diseases e.g. cholera
6
Q
What were the economic impacts?
A
- total cost of $5 billion
- whole villages destroyed = business destroyed
- rebuilding total cost of $3.5 billion
7
Q
What were the environmental impacts?
A
- landslides & rock falls occurred, affecting habitats
- landslide in Jhelum Valley over 1km wide & 2km long
- debris blocked 2 rivers
8
Q
What were the short term responses?
A
- international aid & equipment
- tents, blankets & medical supplies distributed by NGOs
9
Q
What were the long-term responses?
A
- 40,000 relocated
- government given money to rebuild homes
- aid given to rebuild schools (some still not rebuilt 10 years on)
10
Q
Why could they not prevent it?
A
- can’t prevent earthquakes
- no monitoring system
- no planning laws for buildings
11
Q
What did they do to be better prepared next time?
A
- Earthquake Reconstruction & Rehabilitation Authority (ERRA) advised people on how to build their houses
- “Drop, Cover, Hold”
- hazards & risk maps of the cities
12
Q
How did they adapt to it?
A
- EERA coordinated international agencies & NGOs
- training provided
