Hazmat

Question 1

List examples of hazardous atmospheres

Answer 1

Oxygen Enriched
Oxygen Deficient
Toxic or corrosive
High temperatures
Radioactive
Flammable environments

Question 2

Explain and list examples of gas

Answer 2

Gases are too volatile to exist as a liquid or a solid at typical temperatures and pressures. Examples are Hydrogen, Methane and Propane.

Question 3

Explain Flammability range.

Answer 3

Flammability range is the concentration range of a gas or vapour that will burn or explode if an ignition source is present.

Question 4

Explain LEL

Answer 4

Lower Explosive Limit: is the lowest concentration of gas or vapour in air that will burn with an ignition source present.

Question 5

Explain UEL

Answer 5

Upper Explosive Limit: is the highest concentration of fuel vapour in air that will ignite. If an ignition source is present.

Question 6

What are the units of measurement in Hazmat?

Answer 6

V/V% - measure oxygen
PPM - measure toxicity
% LEL - measures flammability

Question 7

Explain TWA

Answer 7

Time Weighted Average: an average concentration value for a substance, workers may be exposed to, 8 hours a day, 5 days a week.

Question 8

Explain STEL

Answer 8

Short Term Exposure Limit: are concentrations of a substance that workers can be exposed to for upto 15mins, 4 times a day. With 1 hour breaks between each exposure. Without suffering irreversible tissue damage, irritation/damage to airway and narcosis.

Question 9

Explain PLV

Answer 9

Peak Limitation Value: a concetration value that if exceeded indicates the atmosphere is considered occupationally unacceptable.

Question 10

Define Exposure Standards

Answer 10

Exposure Standards indicate safe concentrations of a chemical substance in the general occupational atmosphere.

Question 11

Define Vapour

Answer 11

Vapours are an evaporative byproduct of volatile liquids. Such as petrol, ethanol and styrene.

Question 12

Define Aerosol

Answer 12

Aerosols are small solid particles or liquid droplets dispersed in the atmosphere. Particles are small enough to remain suspended in the air. Such as coal dust, saw dust, flour, smoke.

Question 13

Explain Odour threshold.

Answer 13

The concentration at which you can smell a substance.

Question 14

Explain IDLH

Answer 14

Immediate Danger to Life and Health: is a concentration of any hazardous substances that poses an immediate threat to life or could cause irreversible adverse health effects and would interfere with an individual’s ability to escape from a dangerous atmosphere.

Question 15

Describe Acute Effects

Answer 15

Result from either a single exposure or a large dose of a less toxic substance. Effects can show up to 72 hours after exposure.

Question 16

Describe Chronic effects.

Answer 16

Repeated exposure over a period of time causing long term health effects such as cancers, birth defects and respiratory diseases.

Question 17

What is 1% of PPM

Answer 17

10,000ppm

Question 18

What is the difference between a bump test and a calibration in regards to the Micro Rae?

Answer 18

A bump is done to test the monitor works and reads correctly. Done on the 1st day checks. Calibration done if bump fails, it will automatically calibrate to test the accuracy of the readings and the moniter.

Question 19

What support agencies can attend a Hazmat incident?

Answer 19

AFP
ACTAS
Roads ACT
ACTEW AGL
Icon Water
SES
Zinfra
Defence

Question 20

Define Hazardous materials

Answer 20

Any hazardous substances or dangerous goods which are hazardous to health and safety and are defined by legislation.

Question 21

What is the safe oxygen range?

Answer 21

19.5 v/v% to 23.5 v/v%

Question 22

List the properties of a hazardous materials

Answer 22

Toxicity
Flammability
Reactivity
Corrosiveness

Question 23

What ways can a hazardous material enter the body?

Answer 23

Inhalation
Ingestion
Absorption
Injection

Question 24

Categories of hazardous materials

Answer 24

Explosive Gases
Flammable Liquids
Flammable Solids
Oxidising
Substances and organic peroxides
Toxic and infectious substances
Radioactive Material
Corrosive
Miscellaneous

Question 25

General precautions for hazmat

Answer 25

Control the movement of people Identify materials at a distance Don’t guess, make sure information is accurate Appropriate PPE Avoid unnecessary exposure

Question 26

What are the 3 control zones?

Answer 26

Hot - an area of isolation where contaminant levels are deemed sufficiently high. PPE required. Warm - where decon commences. May still be levels of threat from contaminant exposure. Cold - restricted to support agencies, casualty treatment, marshalling and assembly areas.

Question 27

What are the methods of containment?

Answer 27

Uprighting Closing valves Isolating Plugging Damming Absorbents Closing lids

Question 28

What are the two strategies for hazmat?

Answer 28

Defensive - involves no direct contact. Safer due to less exposure. Let it burn or allow leak to finish. Offensive - Direct intervention, turning off valves, isolating. Minimise damage. Can have quicker results/ resolutions.

Question 29

What are the four levels of Decon?

Answer 29

Level 1: Emergency Decon (HP Line) Level 2: Emergency Services Decon Level 3: Mass Decon Level 4: Bulk Decon

Question 30

What does level 3 Decon involve?

Answer 30

Wet, strip, wash, cover.

Question 31

Considerations for siting at a hazmat incident?

Answer 31

Wind direction Topography Water access Water run off Comfort and safety of personnel Proximity to incident Weather conditions Type or level of Decon

Question 32

Micro Rae chart levels

Answer 32

LEL - flammable gas - % of LEL - Low Alarm 5 - high alarm 10 O2 - v/v% - low alarm 19.5 - high alarm 23.5 CO - PPM - low alarm 30 - high alarm 50 H2S - PPM - low alarm 10 - high alarm 20

Question 33

What does IPICDM stand for?

Answer 33

I - Identify the hazard P - Select and wear PPE I - Isolate the area C - contain the substance D - decontamination M - monitor the incident

Question 34

Components of the Decon corridor

Answer 34

Hot Zone - Collection Crew Warm Zone - holding area, shuffle pit, cleaners, dam, shower, kill bucket, soap bucket, inspection officer. Cold Zone - BA entry/exit, BA Control, Decon officer, entry/exit officer, safety officer. Robing area, disrobing area, back up crew.

Question 35

Define a dangerous good

Answer 35

Dangerous goods are substances that are considered to present a risk to the health and safety to the public if not correctly controlled during handling, transportation or storage.

Question 36

Define Hazardous substances

Answer 36

Hazardous substances are materials that have potentially harmful effects on health.

Question 37

Locations where hazardous materials may be found.

Answer 37

Chemical plants Transport depots Manufacturing facilities Hospitals University’s Laboratories

Question 38

What is flash point in regards to flammable liquid?

Answer 38

The flash point of a flammable liquid is the minimum temperature at which sufficient vapour is generated from the liquid to momentarily flash but not continue to burn if an ignition source is applied.

Question 39

What is Wet and Dry Decon?

Answer 39

Wet Decon: water used to stop contaminants from aerosolising or evaporating and for washing contaminants off a casualties body provided contaminate is not reactive to water. Dry Decon: dry agents are used to neutralise any water reactive contaminates when contaminants are water reactive or can be readily absorbed by dry agents. Wet/Dry Decon: Dry first, then water used to rinse.

Question 40

What is ANZERG?

Answer 40

Aust NZ emergency response guide, found in red satchel behind SO seat aswell as on iPad or appliance phone.

Question 41

Consideration for atmosphere reading 13% oxygen?

Answer 41

There’s not enough O2 for combustion in the micro Rae to take place there for unit will not operate correctly.