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hbs > HBS UNIT 1 > Flashcards

HBS UNIT 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Structural Hierarchy of The Body

A

Chemical - Cells - Tissues - Organ - Organ System - Organism

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2
Q

Difference Between Cells and Tissue

A

Tissue is an integrated group of cells working together

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3
Q

Epithelial

A

Tightly packed sheets, it’s function is absorption, protection, transportation and sensing (Skin)

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4
Q

Connective

A

connects/supports (Bone, Cartilage , Adipose ,Blood,ligaments, and tendons)

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5
Q

Muscle

A

Movement (Tendons)

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6
Q

Nervous

A

Reactions (Neurons)

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7
Q

Functions of Skeletal System

A

Help gives the body shape, provides muscle attachment sites to help move the body, provides protection, also it produces blood cells and stores minerals

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8
Q

Skeletal System Divisions

A

Axial: Vertebral column, Skull, Ribs, and Sternum
Appendicular: Pectoral Girdle, Pelvic Girdle, and Appendages upper and lower

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9
Q

Bones of the Pelvis

A

Composed of two coxal hip bones (ilium, ischium, pubic symphysis)

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10
Q

Bones of the Skull

A

Frontal, Temporal, Parietal, and occipital

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11
Q

Types of Ribs and how they’re Attached

A

True Ribs - First 7 connect to the sternum
False Ribs - 8-12 do not attach directly to the sternum (cartilage)
Floating Ribs - 11 and 12 they do not attach to sternum or vertabrae

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12
Q

Sutures of the Skull

A

Coronal - Frontal to pariental
Lambdoid - Occipital to Parietal
Saggital - Between Parietal Bone
Squamosal - Temporal to Parietal bone

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13
Q

Function and Location of the obicularis oris, obicularis oculi and temporalis

A

obicularis oris - located around your lips and helps you kiss
obicularis oculi - located around your eye and helps you blink
temporal - above and in front of your eye helps you chew

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14
Q

What does the field of Forensic Anthropology study?

A

Forensic Anthropologists use data criteria and techniques to determine the sex, age, genetic population, or parentage of skeletal or biological materials in questions of civil or criminal law

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15
Q

What bones are used to determine height?

A

Femur, Tibia and Humerus

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16
Q

Conversion of CM to Feet

A

2.54 CM = 1 inch

17
Q

Bone used to determine gender? how do males and females differ?

A

Pelvis is used to determine gender (females more round and males are V or Heart shaped)

18
Q

Where do restriction enzymes come from?

A

Restriction enzymes are found naturally in bacteria

19
Q

Why do they have restriction enzymes?

A

They can be used to cut foreign DNA fragments in specific places

20
Q

How do restriction enzymes get their name?

A

Restriction enzymes are named for the bacteria from which they’re isolated

21
Q

What location do restriction enzymes cut?

A

They cut a specific combination or sequence of nucleotides

22
Q

What is a palindrome?

A

word or sequence that reads the same in either direction

23
Q

What is RFLP? (restriction fragment length polymorphism)

A

A collection of DNA fragments of precisely defined length

24
Q

What is PCR (polymorph chain reaction) and why do we use it?

A

Polymorph Chain Reaction amplifies DNA found at crime scenes into billions of copies to which makes identifying the culprit easier

25
Q

What do gel electrophoresis fragments represent?

A

They represent a pattern called DNA fingerprint

26
Q

How are fragments separated?

A

They’re separated by size

27
Q

How does the DNA move?

A

DNA is negatively charged and moves towards the positive end (opposites attract)

28
Q

Types of biometrics and how they work

A

Fingerprints - use of ridges and furrows of the fingerprint to gain entry and access
Voice Recognition - they use the sound, pattern, rhythm, numerical score and conjunction to gain access
Face - they use nodal points to gain access
eyes - they use the retinal by measuring blood vessels in the back of the eye and they use iris scans to determine ridge patterns on your eyes
DNA - Using blood, saliva, skin or hair samples the length and protein sequence generates a DNA profile

29
Q

Dorsal

A

Backside

30
Q

Ventral

A

Frontside

31
Q

Deep

A

More internal

32
Q

Superficial

A

Near Surface

33
Q

Proximal

A

Point of Origin

34
Q

Distal

A

Away from point of origin

35
Q

Lateral

A

Side of the body

36
Q

Medial

A

Towards the middle

37
Q

Superior

A

Higher - Situated near head

38
Q

Inferior

A

Lower

39
Q

Anterior

A

Front of the body near head

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