HcG

Question 1

hCG

• Peaks during_____ trimester of pregnancy (Increased in 3)

Answer 1

1st

blood, urine & amniotic fluid

Question 2

• Produced by the cytotropoblast cells of the placenta

Answer 2

hCG

Question 3

hCG
• Produced by the______ cells of the placenta

Answer 3

cytotropoblast cells

Question 4

hCG

• Composed of 2 subunits:
• Alpha = 4
• Beta =

Answer 4

hCG, LH, FSH, TSH

hCG (specificity)

Question 5

hCG
Home - Based hCG Pregnancy Test Kit
Principle:_______
Specimen:_______

Answer 5

Enzyme Immunoassay

1st Morning Urine

Question 6

hCG
Home - Based hCG Pregnancy Test Kit

Cut - off point: ______
Anti - hCG source:_____

Answer 6

25 mlU/mL

Rabbit

Question 7

Objective:

Answer 7

• To detect and confirm pregnancy.

Question 8

Principle of_______

• A qualitative test which employs a chromatographic absorbent device and a unique combination of monocional antibodies that selectively detect hCG in test samples
with a high degree of sensitivity.

Answer 8

One-Step Qualitative Urine Pregnancy Test

Question 9

Principle of One-Step Qualitative Urine Pregnancy Test

• A qualitative test which employs a ________ device and a unique combination of _______antibodies that selectively detect hCG in test samples with a high degree of sensitivity.

Answer 9

chromatographic absorbent

monocional Ab

Question 10

Pregnancy test strip consist of :

Answer 10

1. The reaction zone (R zone)
2. The test zone (T zone)
3. The control zone (C zone)

Question 11

soluble anti-hCG antibody-enzyme conjugate.

These are mouse monocional antibodies linked to an enzyme.

Answer 11

The reaction zone (R zone)

Question 12

The reaction zone (R zone):
__________

These are mouse monocional antibodies linked to an enzyme.

Answer 12

soluble anti-hCG antibody-enzyme conjugate.

Question 13

contains immobilized polycional mixture of anti-hCG antibody + dye substrate.

Answer 13

The test zone (T zone)

Question 14

The test zone (T zone):

contains_________

Answer 14

immobilized polycional mixture of anti-hCG antibody + dye substrate.

Question 15

the dye substrates + anti-mouse antibodies can recognize epitopes on the mouse monocional. (control zone act as control sample)

Answer 15

The control zone (C zone)

Question 16

The control zone (C zone):

__________ +________ can recognize epitopes on the mouse monocional. (control zone act as control sample)

Answer 16

the dye substrates + anti-mouse antibodies

Question 17

Sequence of events in pregnant women:
1. A few drops of urine is transferred to the______
2. Urine will flow by capillary action from loading well towards ____carrying along with it the____ hormone.
3. At R zone, the HCG hormone will react and bind with the soluble anti-hCG Ab-enzyme conjugates forming a complex of________.

4. This complex will migrate towards_____
5. At T zone, this complex will react and bind with the______, once it binds with the immobilized Ab, this will activate the enzyme thus allowing to act on the dye substrate and produce a color that indicates a positive pregnancy result.
6. The excess soluble HCG hormone - HCG Ab - enzyme conjugates complex will pass from T zone to_____
7. At C zone, this complex will react and bind with the _________there, once bound it will activate the enzyme, thus allowing. to act on the dye substrate and produce the color detecting at C zone which is an indicator of the activity or reliability of the test.

Answer 17

1. specimen well (loading well)
2. R zone ; HCG
3. HCG hormone -HCG Antibody- enzyme -conjugate
4. T zone.
5. immobilized anti-HCG Ab
6. C zone.
7. immobilized anti-(anti- HCG Ab-Enzyme conjugates) Ab

Question 18

Zone which is an indicator of the activity or reliability of the test.

Answer 18

C zone

Question 19

Specimen Collection and Preparation:

• Collect at least_____ of urine in a clean, dry, plastic or glass container with no preservatives.

• Specimens may be collected at any time of the day, however the _____sample generally has the highest concentration of hCG and is the specimen of choice.

Answer 19

1 mL

first morning

Question 20

• Procedure:
  NOTE:
  • Bring test components and specimens to_____ temperature prior to testing.
  • The procedures may vary depending on the availability and the type of the pregnancy test kit.

Answer 20

room

Question 21

Procedure (Con’tn)

1. Remove a____ and _____ from the foil pouch by tearing at the “notch” and place it on a level surface. Label the cassette with the patient’s information.
2. Holding a Sample Dropper vertically, add exactly ______drops of the urine specimen to the sample well, and then start the timer. Avoid trapping air bubbles in the specimen well.
3. Read results at time indicated in procedure. Wait for the_____ to appear. Do not interpret results after the appropriate reading time. It is important that the background is clear before the result is read.

Answer 21

Testing Device (cassette) and sample dropper

three to four drops

red line(s)

Question 22

Results:
• Follow the instructions on the reagent package insert provided by the instructor to property perform the test.

• Interpretation of Results:
• Based on the package insert correctly interpret the results of the pregnancy test on the a patient sample.
• Record results as …(3)

Answer 22

“Positive”, “Negative” or “Invalid”

Question 23

INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS

Note: The _____&______of the test may vary depending on the type of the pregnancy test kit used.

Answer 23

sensitivity and specificity

Question 24

INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS

POSITIVE TEST RESULT: Two distinct_______ lines appear the cassette.

One line should be in the ______and another line should be in the_____

Answer 24

pink-rose or red

control zone (C)
test zone (T)

Question 25

INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS Note: A ***weak pink-rose or red line*** in the test region (T) observed after the reading time could be indicative of a ____level in the urine sample. If such results are shown, test may be repeated with a new sample within_____ or an alternate confirmation method is used

Answer 25

low hCG 48-72 hours

Question 26

INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS NEGATIVE TEST RESULT:

Answer 26

One pink-rose or red line appears in the control zone. No apparent red or pink-rose line appears in the test region (T)

Question 27

INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS INVALID: A pink-rose or red line fails to appear in the _______. This may be caused by…. Review the procedure and repeat the test with a new test cassette.

Answer 27

control zone (C) insufficient specimen volume or incorrect procedural techniques.

Question 28

INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS Note: The intensity of the line color in the test zone (T) might vary depending on the concentration of hCG present in the urine specimen. However, neither the quantitative value nor the rate of increase in hCG can be determined by this test.

Question 29

LIMITATIONS OF THE TEST PROCEDURE • Urine specimens with a _____may contain low levels of hCG and might result to false negative results.

Answer 29

low SG (diluted)

Question 30

•Conditions that may cause false positive test results includes

Answer 30

trophoblastic disease and certain non-trophoblastic neoplasms including testicular tumors, prostate cancer, breast cancer & lung cancer causes elevated levels of beta-hCG.