HCI Revision for Exam Flashcards
1 of the few topics in exam (26 cards)
What is the abbreviation for the Normans Principles of Interaction Design?
DFCASMC
What does each abbreviation mean in the Normans Principles of Interaction Design?
Discoverability = discover a way to achieve better usability, Feedback = “some way of letting you know that the system is working on your request”. Conceptual Model = simple, helpful explanation on how something works, e.g the interface of a mobile application. Affordance = define what actions could be or are possible with the object by the user. Signifiers = how people go around discovering possibilities. e,g icons showing lock and unlock state. Mapping = relation between the controls (input key) and the actual effect (command or action for input key). Constraints = Restrict the kind of interactions that take place
What are the 7 stages of Normans Model of Interaction?
User creates goal
User exhibit intention
Specify type of action
Do action
Take in and interpret system state (2 stages, 1 take in 1 interpret)
Evaluate system state with respect to goal
What is the interaction design definition?
“Design of interactive products to support the way people communicate and interact in their everyday working lives”
What are the 3 goals of the interaction design?
Easy to learn
Effective to use
Providing enjoyable user experience
5 Characteristics of Interaction Design?
Change situation by shaping and deploying artifacts
Explore possible futures
Frame problem in parallel with creating solutions
Thinking through sketching and other tangible representations
To address instrumental, technical, aesthetical and ethical aspects throughout
5 Phases of Design Thinking?
EDIPT
Empathise - user needs
Define - observe
Ideate - solutions
Prototype - segment
Test - all segments (surveys)
What is the definition made by IDF about User-centered design?
It is an iterative design process in which designers focus on the users and their needs in every phase of the design process
Abbreviation for the steps of the design process?
PUSPE(iterate where appropriate)D
What happens during each step of the design process?
Plan human-centered design process
Understand and specify context of use
Specify user requirements
Produce designs to meet requirements
Evaluate designs to requirements (bad = produce new designs, iterate)
Designed solution successfully meets user requirements
What are the 2 regulatory frameworks in Security and Privacy of Smart Technologies?
GDPR, CCPA
What are some examples of smart home technologies?
Smart Speakers = alexa with voice control, media playback, real-time information
Smart Thermostat = automatic adjustments to heats via habits & prefs.
Smart Security Camera = Ring, monitor home security with remote viewing and notifs.
Possible solutions for device hacking scenario?
Disconnect device from network
Change passwords
Update device
Enable 2-FA
Contact for device replacement
Possible solutions for Data Breach scenario?
Review type of data compromised and assess risk
Follow recommendations, resetting passwords
Monitor accounts and reports for unusual activity
Consider enrolling in a credit monitoring service if financial data was involved
Update privacy settings on device to limit further data exposure
What are some of the actions consumers can do for enhancing security?
- Regular software updates for recent bugs
- a) Use strong passwords, with there being a unique password for each device. b) 2FA, sending a code to a mobile phone in addition to a password for access
How did Preece Rogers describe a prototype?
“One manifestation of a design that allows stakeholders to interact with it and to explore its suitability; it is limited in that a prototype will usually emphasize one set of product characteristics and de-emphasize others”
What are the 3 rules in prototyping?
Find quickest path to experience
Doing is the best type of thinking
Maximise rate of learning by minimising time to try new ideas
What are some examples of a prototype?
Series of screen sketches
Paper mock-up
Storyboard
Presentation slideshow
What is the purpose of the interviewing lifecycle?
It allows you to maximise your success of doing the interview, it allows you to set the scene at the start and allow the participant to feel comfortable before asking the main questions
What is the difference between making a low-fidelity and a high-fidelity prototype?
Low-fidelity
+ Lower cost, easier to evaluate multiple concepts, capture contexts of use’s and needs
- Little/no detail, No error checking
High-fidelity
+ partially functional, interactive, good preview of layout
- Not effective for requirements gathering or early stage, time and resource intensive to develop/change
What is Rapid Prototyping?
It is a method used in HCI design to quickly create and iterate on prototypes of interactive systems. Using HTML/CSS to make prototypes like a chatbot interface that responds to user input in real time
Advantages and disadvantages of rapid prototyping?
+Allows designers to quickly validate ideas
+ reduce risk of costly errors by discovering design flaws early
+ More refined and user-centered solutions
- Less quality to high-fidelity prototypes
- Requires a balance between speed and quality
What happens in prototyping with code?
It involves directly translating design concepts into functional prototypes using programming languages like HTML/CSS/JavaScript, like a button to click
Advantages and disadvantages when prototyping with code?
+Prototypes can simulate real user interactions and behaviours more accurately, promoting interactivity and functionality
+ Developers have full control over design elements and can implement custom features and animations, promoting flexibility and customisation
+ It allows for testing across different devices and screen sizes, providing insights into performance and responsiveness, promoting realistic testing environments
-Developing prototypes with code may be more time-consuming comparetd to using tools, emphasizing time and effort
- Prototypes may require ongoing maintenance and updates as the design evolves, emphasizing maintenance
