HCIF practice qns for final test Flashcards
(19 cards)
Define the term
‘ Healthcare Information Technology’
Framework for managing and improving patient care
services using the latest development in information
technology.
Reasons for implementing IT infrastructure in hospitals.
- To deliver healthcare services to large population.
- To provide fast and quality patient services in
hospitals.
What are the elements of a network? Give explanations with the help of a diagram.
Devices - to allow the exchange of messages
Medium - a means of interconnecting these devices
Messages - units of information that will be transferred from one device to another.
Rules - rules to govern the messages sent
Write the protocols used for the following services in the data network
(i) web and
(ii) email.
web: HTTP (Hypertext transport protocol)
Email: POP (Post office protocol)
SMTP (simple mail transport protocol)
What are the 4 basic characteristics of network infrastructure?
Security
Scalability
Fault of tolerance
Quality of service
Define the terms: HL7, DICOM, EMR
HL7 also known as health level 7 it is the common standard used between medical computing devices communication.
DICOM also known as digital imaging and communications in medicine is the standard for handling, storing, printing and transmitting information in medical imaging
EMR also known as electronic medical records and is used to store patients data electronically.
What are the consequences of a security breach in a hospital network?
Network outage causing a loss of communications and transactions occurring, with consequent loss of business.
loss of personal or business funds
Theft of intellectual property such as project bids and strategic
plans and used by a competitor
Define the following terminologies: Server, Client, host and node
Server: Provide services to a network
client: A computer that receives services from a server.
Host: anything that runs a host operating system.
Node: Any addressable locations in a network
Fax, printer
Explain the different types of network topology with the help of diagrams
Physical: This topology explains the physical connection of the network.
Logical: This refers to how the data is actually transmitted.
List the differences between LAN and WAN?
LAN: usually spans a small geographical area
usually administered by a single organization
WAN:
Spans a large geographical area
use specifically designed network devices to make the interconnections between LANs
Define protocols and discuss the roles of protocols in data transmission in networks.
TCP/IP model and OSI Model
Roles: The format of the message, such as how much data to put into each segment.
The process by which intermediary devices share information about the path to the destination.
Write the difference between protocol model and reference model in data communication.
A protocol model provides a model that closely matches the structure of a
particular protocol suite.
A reference model provides a common reference for maintaining consistency within all types of network protocols and services
IP addressing – Class A, B, C networks and subnetting.
Class A: (/8)
- designed to support very large networks with more than 16 million hosts
- first octet has a value of 1 to 126
Class B: (/16)
- first octet has a value of 128 to 191
- first and second octets represent the network
Class C: (/24)
- first octet has a value of 192 to 223
- first three octets represent the network
Define the terms:
Hub, repeater
Hub: A hub is a simple networking device that operates at the Physical Layer (Layer 1) of the OSI model. When a hub receives data from one device, it broadcasts that data to all other devices connected to the hub.
Repeater: A repeater is a networking device that operates at the Physical Layer as well. Its primary function is to extend the range of a network by amplifying and regenerating signals that have weakened over long distances.
Explain collision in flat networks and how it can be handled using CSMA/CD protocol.
A collision occurs when two or more devices on a shared network segment attempt to transmit data at the same time. This situation leads to the data signals interfering with each other, resulting in data corruption and loss.
CSMA/CD also known as carrier sense multiple access with collision detection works by listening to the network to check if any other device is currently transmitting. If the network is idle, the device proceeds to the next step. If have transmission, it will wait until network is clear.
When transmitting data, if a collision is sensed, it will stop transmitting immediately and initiate a backoff timer, waiting for a random period before attempting to retransmit.
Explain static and dynamic IP configuration
Static IP configuration:
IP address is manually assigned unless manually changed again.
Dynamic IP configuration:
involves using protocols like DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) to automatically assign IP addresses to devices.
What is the purpose of configuring default gateway address?
The purpose of configuring default gateway address is to allow devices to communicate between the local network and the external network. EG. the default gateway address will route the traffic to this gateway so that it can be send to a router for external communication.
In larger networks different subnets could also exist and they have their own gateway so that they can redirect traffic flow to allow efficient flow of traffic.
List the possible causes for the network connectivity problems in hospital networks.
High data traffic from various medical devices, patient records, and communication systems leading to network congestion.
Faulty or damaged network cables, connectors, or switches.
Weak Wi-Fi signal coverage or dead spots in certain areas of the hospital.
Router
definition
Use of router in a data network
List the Interfaces
A router is a computer that specialize in sending
packets over the data network.
Purpose: delivery of packets across different networks.
select the best path for a packet to travel and forward packets to
their destination.
Interfaces: LAN interface
WAN interface
