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Pharmacology > HD2 > Flashcards

HD2 Flashcards

1
Q

reverse

ij | ester local for nerve block

A

Tetracaine

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2
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, use for partial and tonic-clonic, potentiates GABAa, pregnant women and children, tox: sedation, tolerance, dependence, P450 induction

A

Phenobarbital

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3
Q

reverse

oral | atypical antipsychotic, strong 5HT2 and D2 antagonist, for kids

A

Risperidone

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4
Q

reverse

oral/im/sc/iv | u-partial and k-agonist, precipitate withdrawal, useful in pt w/ abuse potential

A

Pentazocine

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5
Q

reverse

oral | gout, uricosuric agent (increase uric acid secretion)

A

Probenecid

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6
Q

reverse

oral | treats alcoholism, deactivates aldehyde dehydrogenase

A

Disulfiram

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7
Q

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oral | anxiolytic/sedative/hypnotic, high abuse liability

A

Ethanol

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8
Q

reverse

oral | smoke cessation, partial nicotinic receptor agonist

A

Varenicline

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9
Q

reverse

iv/im | u-opioid agonist

A

Morphine

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10
Q

reverse

oral | parkinsons, DA D2 receptor agonist, tox: fibrosis

A

Bromocriptine

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11
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, 1st line absence, blocks thalamic T-type Ca channels, tox: GI distress, fatigue, headache, urticaria, SJ syndrome

A

Ethosuximide

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12
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, 1st line tonic-clonic, use in partial and absence, up Na inactivation, up [GABA], used in myoclonic too, tox: GI, hepatotoxicity, neural tube defects, tremor, weight, contraindicated in pregnancy

A

Valproic acid

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13
Q

reverse

oral | gout, DMARD, anti-TNF monoclonal antibody

A

Infliximab

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14
Q

reverse

oral | treats alcoholism, reduces craving, opiate receptor antagonist

A

Naltrexone

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15
Q

reverse

oral | typical antipsychotic, strong D2 antagonist, phenothiazine, motor effects

A

Fluphenazine

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16
Q

reverse

ij | amide local for nerve block

A

Etidocaine

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17
Q

reverse

iv/oral | benzo agonist, anxiolytic, sedative, anticonvulsant

A

Diazepam

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18
Q

reverse

iv/im | mixed agonist/antagonist in u and k-opioid, can precipitate withdrawal in pt on heroin or morphine (used for pain, causes less respiratory depression than other agonists)

A

Butorphanol

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19
Q

reverse

iv | anesthesia induction

A

Etomidate

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20
Q

reverse

oral | antypical antipsychotic, active metabolite of Risperidone, 5HT2 and D2 antagonist

A

Paliperidone

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21
Q

reverse

iv | barbiturate, anesthetic, sedative, induction, high potency, high lipid solubility, rapid BBB penetration, terminated by redistribution, decreases CBF

A

Thiopental

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22
Q

reverse

oral | antidepressant, MAOi, tox: HTN crisis w/ tyramine, risk for 5-HT syndrome

A

Phenelzine/tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid, selegiline

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23
Q

reverse

ij | amide local for nerve block

A

Prilocaine

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24
Q

reverse

oral | parkinsons, COMT inhibitor, blocks peripheral metabolism of levodopa to inactive metabolite

A

Entacapone

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25
Q

reverse

ij | amide local for nerve block

A

Ropivacaine

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26
Q

reverse

inhaled | anesthetic, tox: proconvulsant

A

Enflurane

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27
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, use in partial and tonic-clonic, may modulate GABA/glu release

A

Levetiracetam

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28
Q

reverse

ij | vasoconstrictor used w/ local anesthetics

A

Levonorfedrin

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29
Q

reverse

sc/im/nasal | ergot, termination of acute migraine, agonist at alpha/5HT/DAr

A

Dihydroergotamine

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30
Q

reverse

oral | hallucinogen, 5HTR agonist

A

LSD

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31
Q

reverse

oral | u-opioid receptor agonist w/ long t1/2, synthetic agonist for heroin treatment/withdrawal

A

Methadone

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32
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, 1st line tonic-clonic and status, up Na inactivation, tox: nystagmus, diplopia, ataxia, sedation, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, megaloblastic anemia, teratogenesis, SLE syndrome, P450 induction

A

Phenytoin

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33
Q

reverse

ij | amide local for nerve block

A

Lidocaine

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34
Q

reverse

oral | sympathomim stimulant, evokes release of NE/DA/5HT

A

Dextroamphetamine

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35
Q

reverse

oral | antidepressant/smoking cessation

A

Bupropion

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36
Q

reverse

oral | atypical antipsychotic, strong 5HT2/weak D2 antagonist, prolonged QT

A

Ziprasidone

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37
Q

reverse

oral | benzo, anxiolytic, sedative-hypnotic, long t1/2

A

Diazepam

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38
Q

reverse

inhaled | anesthetic, low solubility, quicker than isoflurane

A

Desflurane

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39
Q

reverse

inhaled | anesthetic, pungent

A

Isoflurane

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40
Q

reverse

oral | parkinsons, enhances DA release from remaining undegereated Sub nigra affernts, blocks glutamate, also antiviralco

A

Amantadine

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41
Q

reverse

oral | antidepressant, TCA, inhibits NE/5-HT reuptake, tox: sedation, alpha-blocking, anticholinergics, convulsion, coma, cardiotox, respiratory depression, hyperpyrexia

A

Nortriptyline + any -iptyline/-ipramine

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42
Q

reverse

oral | analgesic

A

Acetaminophen

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43
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, prodrug of carbamazepine

A

Oxcarbazepine

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44
Q

reverse

iv | u-antagonist, use in opioid overdose

A

Naloxone

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45
Q

reverse

oral | gout, DMARD

A

methotrexate

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46
Q

reverse

oral | gout, propylaxis/treat gouty attacks

A

Colchicine

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47
Q

reverse

oral | antidepressant, inhibits 5HT reuptake, H1R antagonist & 5HT1AR partial agonist, boners

A

Trazodone

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48
Q

reverse

oral/intranasal/smoked | sympathomim stimulant, inhibits amphetamine reuptake

A

Cocaine

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49
Q

reverse

oral | atypical antipsychotic, strong 5HT2/weak D2 antagonist, obesity, PD drug psychosis, cardiovascularly clean

A

Quetiapine

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50
Q

reverse

oral | antidepressant, inhibit 5HT reuptake and 5HT2R antagonist

A

Nefazodone

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51
Q

reverse

oral | PGE1 analog

A

Misoprostol

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52
Q

reverse

oral | levodopa, carbidopa, entacapone

A

Stalevo

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53
Q

reverse

inhaled | anesthetic, non-pungent, rapid, tox: nephro

A

Sevoflurane

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54
Q

reverse

inhaled | anesthetic, non-toxic, non-flammable, low solubility, basically awesome, expensive

A

Xenon

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55
Q

reverse

oral | gout, new xanthine oxidase inhibitor

A

Febuxostat

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56
Q

reverse

S-enantiomer of bupivacaine, amide for nerve block

A

L-bupivacaine

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57
Q

reverse

oral | parkinsons, blocks peripheral conversion of levodopa

A

Carbidopa

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58
Q

reverse

oral | gout, xanthine oxidase inhibitor

A

Allopurinol

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59
Q

reverse

oral | antidepressant, alpha2 antagonist, potent 5-HT2/3 antagonist, tox: sedation, up appetite, weight gain, dry mouth

A

Mirtazepine

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60
Q

reverse

oral | sympathomim stimulant, evokes release of NE/DA/5HT

A

Methylphenidate

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61
Q

reverse

oral | 1x daily reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, tox: hepato/DDI

A

Donepezil

62
Q

reverse

oral | Levodopa + carbidopa

A

Sinemet

63
Q

reverse

oral | anxiolytic, 5HT1A partial agonist, no sedation, addiction/tolerance, no interaction with alcohol

A

Buspirone

64
Q

reverse

oral/iv/im | typical antipsychotic, strong D2 antagonist, butyrophenone, motor effects

A

Haloperidol

65
Q

reverse

iv | anesthetic, sedative agent (a2 agonist)

A

Dexmedetomidine

66
Q

reverse

iv/im/oral | partial u-agonist, also inhibits serotonin/NE reuptake, use for chronic pain, tox: decreases seizure threshold

A

Tramadol

67
Q

reverse

oral/iv | neutralize acetaminophen toxicity

A

Acetylcystine

68
Q

reverse

inhaled | anesthetic, tox: expansion of trapped gas

A

Nitrous Oxide

69
Q

reverse

oral | sedative-hypnotic, acts on benzo site

A

Zolpidem

70
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, use in partial and tonic-clonic, blocks Na channels, up GABA action, tox: sedation, mental dulling, kidney stones, weight loss

A

Topiramate

71
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, like ethosuximide

A

Zonisamide

72
Q

reverse

oral | u-opioid agonist, prodrug orally active

A

Oxycodone

73
Q

reverse

oral | parkinsons, DA D3>D2 agonist, non-ergonline (no fibrosis), used also in RLS

A

Ropinirole

74
Q

reverse

topical | ester local anesthetic used in ENT, tox: arrythmia

A

Cocaine

75
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, use in partial and tonic-clonic, inhibits HVA Ca channels, peripheral neuropathy and bipolar use, tox: sedation, ataxia

A

Gabapentin

76
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, use in partial and tonic-clonic, blocks Na-voltage gated, tox: SJ syndrome

A

Lamotrigine

77
Q

reverse

oral | mild stimulant, adenosine receptor antagonist

A

Caffeine

78
Q

reverse

oral | NMDAr antagonist, blocks low level chronic glutamate neurotox, but allows pulsatile glutamate for learning

A

Memantine

79
Q

reverse

oral | nonstimulant, adult ADD

A

Atomoxetine

80
Q

reverse

oral | atypical antipsychotics, strong 5HT2 and DA antagonist, less motor risk, hypotension, QT

A

Iloperidone

81
Q

reverse

oral | atypical antipsychotic, weak presynaptic D2 agonist, weak postsynaptic D2 antagonist

A

Aripiprazole

82
Q

reverse

oral | NSAID

A

Diclofenac

83
Q

reverse

oral | sedative-hypnotic, M1R and M2R agonist

A

Ramelteon

84
Q

reverse

inhaled | anesthetic, tox: hepato

A

Halothane

85
Q

reverse

ij | ester local for nerve block

A

Procaine

86
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant

A

Rufinamide

87
Q

reverse

oral | gout, DMARD, inhibits pyrimidine biosynthesis

A

Leflunomide

88
Q

reverse

oral | anticholinergic typical antipsychotic, strong D2 antagonist, anticholinergic, less motor effects, low potency, retinal deposits

A

Thioridazine

89
Q

reverse

oral | gout, cox2 selective inhibitor

A

Celecoxib

90
Q

reverse

oral | mood stabilizer

A

Lithium salts

91
Q

reverse

oral | prototype 4x daily reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, tox: hepato

A

Tacrine

92
Q

reverse

oral | u-opioid agonist, prodrug orally active

A

Hydromorphone

93
Q

reverse

oral | parkinsons, DA precursor, metabolized to DA in BBB, tox: peripheral DA = vom

A

Levodopa

94
Q

reverse

oral | u-antagonist, peripherally acting (no BBB), relieve constipation in pt w/ advanced illness

A

N-Methylnaltrexone

95
Q

reverse

im/iv | u-partial agonist w/ minimal activity and dissociate slowly from receptor, use in opioid treatment

A

Buprenorphine

96
Q

reverse

oral | parkinsons, MAO-Bi of DA metabolism to DOPAC, tox: serotonin syndrome

A

Selegiline

97
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, use in GTC, irreversible inhibitor of GABA metabolizing enzyme, tox: retinopathy

A

Vigabatrin

98
Q

reverse

smoke/oral | tobacco, nicotine replacement therapy

A

Nicotine

99
Q

reverse

oral | sedative-hypnotic, potentiates GABA, high abuse liability, induces metabolism

A

Secobarbital

100
Q

reverse

iv/im | u-opioid agonst, interacts with MAOi

A

Meperidine

101
Q

reverse

iv | benzo antagonist (treat benzo OD)

A

Flumenazil

102
Q

reverse

oral | antidepressant/smoking cessation

A

Nortriptyline

103
Q

reverse

oral | NSAID

A

Sulindac

104
Q

reverse

iv | anesthetic, analgesic, induction

A

Ketamine

105
Q

reverse

ij | amide local for nerve block

A

Mepivacaine

106
Q

reverse

oral | antidepressant, inhibits DA and NE re-uptake, treats nicotine, tox: stim effects, headache, no sexual

A

Bupropion

107
Q

reverse

oral | u-agonist, inhibits NE uptake

A

Tapentadol

108
Q

reverse

oral | anxiolytic, benzo, sedative-hypnotic, fast acting

A

Temazepam

109
Q

reverse

iv/td | u-opioid agonist, complete synthetic agonist w/ high potency

A

Fentanyl

110
Q

reverse

oral/sc/nasal | triptan, terminate acute migraine, 5HT1B/1D agonist

A

Sumatriptan

111
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant

A

Lacosamide

112
Q

reverse

oral | atypical antipsychotic, strong 5HT2 antagonist, weak D2 antagonist, agranulocytosis, obesity, myocarditis

A

Clozapine

113
Q

reverse

oral | NSAID, cox2 selective inhibitor

A

Meloxicam

114
Q

reverse

iv/oral | benzo agonist, anxiolytic, sedative

A

Lorazepam

115
Q

reverse

oral/intranasal/smoked | sympathomim stimulant, evokes release of NE/DA/5HT

A

Methamphetamine

116
Q

reverse

oral | parkinsons, COMT inhibitor, blocks peripheral metabolism of levodopa to inactive metabolite, tox: hepato

A

Tolcapone

117
Q

reverse

oral | 2x daily reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, potentiates nicotinic AchR

A

Galantamine

118
Q

reverse

oral | u-opioid agonist, prodrug orally active

A

Codeine

119
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, 1st line simple, complex, tonic-clonic, up Na inactivation, tox: diplopia, ataxia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, liver tox, teratogenesis, P450 induction, SIADH, SJ syndrome

A

Carbamazepine

120
Q

reverse

all | parkinsons, powerful DA D1/D2 agonist for emergency PD rescue

A

Apomorphine

121
Q

reverse

oral | treats alcoholism, reduces craving

A

Acamprosate

122
Q

reverse

oral | antidepressant, blocks NE reuptake, tox: sedation, ortho hypotension

A

Maprotiline

123
Q

reverse

ij | amide local for nerve block, tox: CV

A

Bupivacaine

124
Q

reverse

oral | parkinsons, anticholinergic, inhibits motion suppressing neurons, early stage PD and tremors

A

Trihexylphenidyl

125
Q

reverse

oral | mild stimulant, ADHD, narcolepsy

A

Modafinil

126
Q

reverse

iv/oral | anxiolytic, sedative, anesthesia induction, endoscopy, severe post op respiratory depression, decreased BP, amnesia

A

Midazolam

127
Q

reverse

oral | parkinsons, DA D3>D2 agonist, non-ergoline (no fibrosis), used also in RLS

A

Pramipexole

128
Q

reverse

oral | alzheimer’s disease/prevention

A

Statins

129
Q

reverse

iv | barbiturate, anesthetic, sedative, induction

A

Methohexital

130
Q

reverse

topical | ester local anesthetic in spray

A

Benzocaine

131
Q

reverse

oral | u-antagonist, peripherally acting, use in accelerating time to upper and lower GI recovery

A

Alvimopan

132
Q

reverse

oral | 2x daily reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, tox: none

A

Rivastigmine

133
Q

reverse

im | anticonvulsant, acute status, potentiates GABA, eclampsia seizure, tox: sedation, tolerance, dependence

A

Diazepam/lorazepam

134
Q

reverse

ij | ester and amide anesthetic for dental

A

Articaine

135
Q

reverse

oral | antidepressant, SSNRI, SSRI-like side effects, tox: up BP, stimulant effects, sedation, nausea

A

Venlafaxine/duloxetine

136
Q

reverse

oral | benzo, anxiolytic, intermediate t1/2

A

Alprazolam

137
Q

reverse

oral | atypical antipsychotic, strong 5HT2/weak D2 antagonist, obesity

A

Olanzapine

138
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, use in partial and tonic-clonic, antagonist of glycine at NMDA receptor, tox: diplopia, insomnia, ataxia, aplastic anemia, hepatitis, agranulocytosis,

A

Felbamate

139
Q

reverse

ij | ester local for nerve block

A

Chloroprocaine

140
Q

reverse

oral | alzheimer’s disease/prevention

A

NSAIDS

141
Q

reverse

iv | anesthetic, induction/total iv anesthesia, potentiates GABAa

A

Propofol

142
Q

reverse

iv | u-antagonist, longer duration than naloxone, opioid overdose

A

Naltrexone

143
Q

reverse

oral | antidepressant, SSRI, tox: GI, sexual dysfunction, serotonin syndrome

A

Fluoxetine/paroxetine/sertraline/citalopram

144
Q

reverse

iv/td | u-opioid agonist, complete synthetic agonist w/ high potency

A

Sufentanyl

145
Q

reverse

iv | IV phenytoin

A

Fosphenytoin

146
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, use in partial and as adjunctive, inhibit GABA reuptake

A

Tiagabine

147
Q

reverse

oral/smoked | antiemetic and appetite stimulant, partial CB1R agonist

A

THC

148
Q

reverse

oral | anticonvulsant, stronger binding gabapentin

A

Pregabalin

149
Q

reverse

ij | vasoconstrictor used w/ local anesthetics

A

Epinephrine

150
Q

reverse

oral | parkinsons, MAO-B/Ai, inhibit DA to DOPAC

A

Rasagiline

151
Q

reverse

oral | alzheimer’s disease/prevention

A

Antihypertensives

Pharmacology (2 decks)

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