HD2 Flashcards by David Shin

reverse

ij | ester local for nerve block

Tetracaine

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oral | anticonvulsant, use for partial and tonic-clonic, potentiates GABAa, pregnant women and children, tox: sedation, tolerance, dependence, P450 induction

Phenobarbital

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oral | atypical antipsychotic, strong 5HT2 and D2 antagonist, for kids

Risperidone

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oral/im/sc/iv | u-partial and k-agonist, precipitate withdrawal, useful in pt w/ abuse potential

Pentazocine

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oral | gout, uricosuric agent (increase uric acid secretion)

Probenecid

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oral | treats alcoholism, deactivates aldehyde dehydrogenase

Disulfiram

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oral | anxiolytic/sedative/hypnotic, high abuse liability

Ethanol

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oral | smoke cessation, partial nicotinic receptor agonist

Varenicline

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iv/im | u-opioid agonist

Morphine

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oral | parkinsons, DA D2 receptor agonist, tox: fibrosis

Bromocriptine

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oral | anticonvulsant, 1st line absence, blocks thalamic T-type Ca channels, tox: GI distress, fatigue, headache, urticaria, SJ syndrome

Ethosuximide

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oral | anticonvulsant, 1st line tonic-clonic, use in partial and absence, up Na inactivation, up [GABA], used in myoclonic too, tox: GI, hepatotoxicity, neural tube defects, tremor, weight, contraindicated in pregnancy

Valproic acid

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oral | gout, DMARD, anti-TNF monoclonal antibody

Infliximab

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oral | treats alcoholism, reduces craving, opiate receptor antagonist

Naltrexone

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oral | typical antipsychotic, strong D2 antagonist, phenothiazine, motor effects

Fluphenazine

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ij | amide local for nerve block

Etidocaine

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iv/oral | benzo agonist, anxiolytic, sedative, anticonvulsant

Diazepam

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iv/im | mixed agonist/antagonist in u and k-opioid, can precipitate withdrawal in pt on heroin or morphine (used for pain, causes less respiratory depression than other agonists)

Butorphanol

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iv | anesthesia induction

Etomidate

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oral | antypical antipsychotic, active metabolite of Risperidone, 5HT2 and D2 antagonist

Paliperidone

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iv | barbiturate, anesthetic, sedative, induction, high potency, high lipid solubility, rapid BBB penetration, terminated by redistribution, decreases CBF

Thiopental

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oral | antidepressant, MAOi, tox: HTN crisis w/ tyramine, risk for 5-HT syndrome

Phenelzine/tranylcypromine, isocarboxazid, selegiline

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ij | amide local for nerve block

Prilocaine

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oral | parkinsons, COMT inhibitor, blocks peripheral metabolism of levodopa to inactive metabolite

Entacapone

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# reverse ij | amide local for nerve block

Ropivacaine

# reverse inhaled | anesthetic, tox: proconvulsant

Enflurane

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant, use in partial and tonic-clonic, may modulate GABA/glu release

Levetiracetam

# reverse ij | vasoconstrictor used w/ local anesthetics

Levonorfedrin

# reverse sc/im/nasal | ergot, termination of acute migraine, agonist at alpha/5HT/DAr

Dihydroergotamine

# reverse oral | hallucinogen, 5HTR agonist

LSD

# reverse oral | u-opioid receptor agonist w/ long t1/2, synthetic agonist for heroin treatment/withdrawal

Methadone

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant, 1st line tonic-clonic and status, up Na inactivation, tox: nystagmus, diplopia, ataxia, sedation, gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, megaloblastic anemia, teratogenesis, SLE syndrome, P450 induction

Phenytoin

# reverse ij | amide local for nerve block

Lidocaine

# reverse oral | sympathomim stimulant, evokes release of NE/DA/5HT

Dextroamphetamine

# reverse oral | antidepressant/smoking cessation

Bupropion

# reverse oral | atypical antipsychotic, strong 5HT2/weak D2 antagonist, prolonged QT

Ziprasidone

# reverse oral | benzo, anxiolytic, sedative-hypnotic, long t1/2

Diazepam

# reverse inhaled | anesthetic, low solubility, quicker than isoflurane

Desflurane

# reverse inhaled | anesthetic, pungent

Isoflurane

# reverse oral | parkinsons, enhances DA release from remaining undegereated Sub nigra affernts, blocks glutamate, also antiviralco

Amantadine

# reverse oral | antidepressant, TCA, inhibits NE/5-HT reuptake, tox: sedation, alpha-blocking, anticholinergics, convulsion, coma, cardiotox, respiratory depression, hyperpyrexia

Nortriptyline + any -iptyline/-ipramine

# reverse oral | analgesic

Acetaminophen

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant, prodrug of carbamazepine

Oxcarbazepine

# reverse iv | u-antagonist, use in opioid overdose

Naloxone

# reverse oral | gout, DMARD

methotrexate

# reverse oral | gout, propylaxis/treat gouty attacks

Colchicine

# reverse oral | antidepressant, inhibits 5HT reuptake, H1R antagonist & 5HT1AR partial agonist, boners

Trazodone

# reverse oral/intranasal/smoked | sympathomim stimulant, inhibits amphetamine reuptake

Cocaine

# reverse oral | atypical antipsychotic, strong 5HT2/weak D2 antagonist, obesity, PD drug psychosis, cardiovascularly clean

Quetiapine

# reverse oral | antidepressant, inhibit 5HT reuptake and 5HT2R antagonist

Nefazodone

# reverse oral | PGE1 analog

Misoprostol

# reverse oral | levodopa, carbidopa, entacapone

Stalevo

# reverse inhaled | anesthetic, non-pungent, rapid, tox: nephro

Sevoflurane

# reverse inhaled | anesthetic, non-toxic, non-flammable, low solubility, basically awesome, expensive

Xenon

# reverse oral | gout, new xanthine oxidase inhibitor

Febuxostat

# reverse S-enantiomer of bupivacaine, amide for nerve block

L-bupivacaine

# reverse oral | parkinsons, blocks peripheral conversion of levodopa

Carbidopa

# reverse oral | gout, xanthine oxidase inhibitor

Allopurinol

# reverse oral | antidepressant, alpha2 antagonist, potent 5-HT2/3 antagonist, tox: sedation, up appetite, weight gain, dry mouth

Mirtazepine

# reverse oral | sympathomim stimulant, evokes release of NE/DA/5HT

Methylphenidate

# reverse oral | 1x daily reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, tox: hepato/DDI

Donepezil

# reverse oral | Levodopa + carbidopa

Sinemet

# reverse oral | anxiolytic, 5HT1A partial agonist, no sedation, addiction/tolerance, no interaction with alcohol

Buspirone

# reverse oral/iv/im | typical antipsychotic, strong D2 antagonist, butyrophenone, motor effects

Haloperidol

# reverse iv | anesthetic, sedative agent (a2 agonist)

Dexmedetomidine

# reverse iv/im/oral | partial u-agonist, also inhibits serotonin/NE reuptake, use for chronic pain, tox: decreases seizure threshold

Tramadol

# reverse oral/iv | neutralize acetaminophen toxicity

Acetylcystine

# reverse inhaled | anesthetic, tox: expansion of trapped gas

Nitrous Oxide

# reverse oral | sedative-hypnotic, acts on benzo site

Zolpidem

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant, use in partial and tonic-clonic, blocks Na channels, up GABA action, tox: sedation, mental dulling, kidney stones, weight loss

Topiramate

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant, like ethosuximide

Zonisamide

# reverse oral | u-opioid agonist, prodrug orally active

Oxycodone

# reverse oral | parkinsons, DA D3\>D2 agonist, non-ergonline (no fibrosis), used also in RLS

Ropinirole

# reverse topical | ester local anesthetic used in ENT, tox: arrythmia

Cocaine

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant, use in partial and tonic-clonic, inhibits HVA Ca channels, peripheral neuropathy and bipolar use, tox: sedation, ataxia

Gabapentin

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant, use in partial and tonic-clonic, blocks Na-voltage gated, tox: SJ syndrome

Lamotrigine

# reverse oral | mild stimulant, adenosine receptor antagonist

Caffeine

# reverse oral | NMDAr antagonist, blocks low level chronic glutamate neurotox, but allows pulsatile glutamate for learning

Memantine

# reverse oral | nonstimulant, adult ADD

Atomoxetine

# reverse oral | atypical antipsychotics, strong 5HT2 and DA antagonist, less motor risk, hypotension, QT

Iloperidone

# reverse oral | atypical antipsychotic, weak presynaptic D2 agonist, weak postsynaptic D2 antagonist

Aripiprazole

# reverse oral | NSAID

Diclofenac

# reverse oral | sedative-hypnotic, M1R and M2R agonist

Ramelteon

# reverse inhaled | anesthetic, tox: hepato

Halothane

# reverse ij | ester local for nerve block

Procaine

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant

Rufinamide

# reverse oral | gout, DMARD, inhibits pyrimidine biosynthesis

Leflunomide

# reverse oral | anticholinergic typical antipsychotic, strong D2 antagonist, anticholinergic, less motor effects, low potency, retinal deposits

Thioridazine

# reverse oral | gout, cox2 selective inhibitor

Celecoxib

# reverse oral | mood stabilizer

Lithium salts

# reverse oral | prototype 4x daily reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, tox: hepato

Tacrine

# reverse oral | u-opioid agonist, prodrug orally active

Hydromorphone

# reverse oral | parkinsons, DA precursor, metabolized to DA in BBB, tox: peripheral DA = vom

Levodopa

# reverse oral | u-antagonist, peripherally acting (no BBB), relieve constipation in pt w/ advanced illness

N-Methylnaltrexone

# reverse im/iv | u-partial agonist w/ minimal activity and dissociate slowly from receptor, use in opioid treatment

Buprenorphine

# reverse oral | parkinsons, MAO-Bi of DA metabolism to DOPAC, tox: serotonin syndrome

Selegiline

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant, use in GTC, irreversible inhibitor of GABA metabolizing enzyme, tox: retinopathy

Vigabatrin

# reverse smoke/oral | tobacco, nicotine replacement therapy

Nicotine

# reverse oral | sedative-hypnotic, potentiates GABA, high abuse liability, induces metabolism

Secobarbital

# reverse iv/im | u-opioid agonst, interacts with MAOi

Meperidine

# reverse iv | benzo antagonist (treat benzo OD)

Flumenazil

# reverse oral | antidepressant/smoking cessation

Nortriptyline

# reverse oral | NSAID

Sulindac

# reverse iv | anesthetic, analgesic, induction

Ketamine

# reverse ij | amide local for nerve block

Mepivacaine

# reverse oral | antidepressant, inhibits DA and NE re-uptake, treats nicotine, tox: stim effects, headache, no sexual

Bupropion

# reverse oral | u-agonist, inhibits NE uptake

Tapentadol

# reverse oral | anxiolytic, benzo, sedative-hypnotic, fast acting

Temazepam

# reverse iv/td | u-opioid agonist, complete synthetic agonist w/ high potency

Fentanyl

# reverse oral/sc/nasal | triptan, terminate acute migraine, 5HT1B/1D agonist

Sumatriptan

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant

Lacosamide

# reverse oral | atypical antipsychotic, strong 5HT2 antagonist, weak D2 antagonist, agranulocytosis, obesity, myocarditis

Clozapine

# reverse oral | NSAID, cox2 selective inhibitor

Meloxicam

# reverse iv/oral | benzo agonist, anxiolytic, sedative

Lorazepam

# reverse oral/intranasal/smoked | sympathomim stimulant, evokes release of NE/DA/5HT

Methamphetamine

# reverse oral | parkinsons, COMT inhibitor, blocks peripheral metabolism of levodopa to inactive metabolite, tox: hepato

Tolcapone

# reverse oral | 2x daily reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, potentiates nicotinic AchR

Galantamine

# reverse oral | u-opioid agonist, prodrug orally active

Codeine

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant, 1st line simple, complex, tonic-clonic, up Na inactivation, tox: diplopia, ataxia, agranulocytosis, aplastic anemia, liver tox, teratogenesis, P450 induction, SIADH, SJ syndrome

Carbamazepine

# reverse all | parkinsons, powerful DA D1/D2 agonist for emergency PD rescue

Apomorphine

# reverse oral | treats alcoholism, reduces craving

Acamprosate

# reverse oral | antidepressant, blocks NE reuptake, tox: sedation, ortho hypotension

Maprotiline

# reverse ij | amide local for nerve block, tox: CV

Bupivacaine

# reverse oral | parkinsons, anticholinergic, inhibits motion suppressing neurons, early stage PD and tremors

Trihexylphenidyl

# reverse oral | mild stimulant, ADHD, narcolepsy

Modafinil

# reverse iv/oral | anxiolytic, sedative, anesthesia induction, endoscopy, severe post op respiratory depression, decreased BP, amnesia

Midazolam

# reverse oral | parkinsons, DA D3\>D2 agonist, non-ergoline (no fibrosis), used also in RLS

Pramipexole

# reverse oral | alzheimer's disease/prevention

Statins

# reverse iv | barbiturate, anesthetic, sedative, induction

Methohexital

# reverse topical | ester local anesthetic in spray

Benzocaine

# reverse oral | u-antagonist, peripherally acting, use in accelerating time to upper and lower GI recovery

Alvimopan

# reverse oral | 2x daily reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, tox: none

Rivastigmine

# reverse im | anticonvulsant, acute status, potentiates GABA, eclampsia seizure, tox: sedation, tolerance, dependence

Diazepam/lorazepam

# reverse ij | ester and amide anesthetic for dental

Articaine

# reverse oral | antidepressant, SSNRI, SSRI-like side effects, tox: up BP, stimulant effects, sedation, nausea

Venlafaxine/duloxetine

# reverse oral | benzo, anxiolytic, intermediate t1/2

Alprazolam

# reverse oral | atypical antipsychotic, strong 5HT2/weak D2 antagonist, obesity

Olanzapine

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant, use in partial and tonic-clonic, antagonist of glycine at NMDA receptor, tox: diplopia, insomnia, ataxia, aplastic anemia, hepatitis, agranulocytosis,

Felbamate

# reverse ij | ester local for nerve block

Chloroprocaine

# reverse oral | alzheimer's disease/prevention

NSAIDS

# reverse iv | anesthetic, induction/total iv anesthesia, potentiates GABAa

Propofol

# reverse iv | u-antagonist, longer duration than naloxone, opioid overdose

Naltrexone

# reverse oral | antidepressant, SSRI, tox: GI, sexual dysfunction, serotonin syndrome

Fluoxetine/paroxetine/sertraline/citalopram

# reverse iv/td | u-opioid agonist, complete synthetic agonist w/ high potency

Sufentanyl

# reverse iv | IV phenytoin

Fosphenytoin

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant, use in partial and as adjunctive, inhibit GABA reuptake

Tiagabine

# reverse oral/smoked | antiemetic and appetite stimulant, partial CB1R agonist

THC

# reverse oral | anticonvulsant, stronger binding gabapentin

Pregabalin

# reverse ij | vasoconstrictor used w/ local anesthetics

Epinephrine

# reverse oral | parkinsons, MAO-B/Ai, inhibit DA to DOPAC

Rasagiline

# reverse oral | alzheimer's disease/prevention

Antihypertensives

HD2 Flashcards

(151 cards)