Head Anatomy 1 Flashcards
(55 cards)
What are the bones that make up the facial bones?
There are 5 facial bones:
Frontal
Zygomatic
Maxilla
Sphenoid
Ethmoid
What bones make up the orbit?
Superior= frontal bone
Inferior= maxilla
Lateral= zygomatic + sphenoid
Medial= Ethmoid
What bones make up the zygomatic arch?
Zygomatic process of temporal bone
Zygomatic bone
What space separates the sphenoid bone and maxilla in the orbit?
The infra-temporal fossa
What part of the skull base forms the ceiling of the orbit?
Anterior cranial fossa floor
What space separates the greater and lesser wings of the sphenoid bone?
Superior orbital fissure
Fracture at which area can cause an EDH due to trauma to middle meninges artery?
Which bones make up this area?
Pterion:
Frontal
Parietal
Sphenoid
Temporal
What fossa are found in the anterior cranial fossa and what structures pass through?
Cribriform plate
Olfactory nerve
What are the foramina in the middle cranial fossa?
Optic canal
Superior orbital fissure
Foramen rotundum
Foramen ovale
Foramen spinosum
What are the foramina in the posterior cranial fossa?
Carotid canal
Hypoglossal canal
Formen magnum
What fossa does the middle meningeal artery and meningeal branch of V3 (CN5) pass through?
Formen spinosum
What structures pass through the superior orbital fissure?
Occulomotor nerve
Trochlear nerve
Ophthalmic branch of trigeminal
Abducens
Ophthalmic vein
What foramen does the emissary veins and mandibular branch of trigeminal pass through?
Foramen ovale
What structures pass through the Jugular foramen?
Glossopharyngeal
Vagus
Accessory nerves
IJV
What structures pass through the foramen magnum?
Medulla
Spinal roots of CN11
Vertebral artery
Anterior and posterior spinal arteries
Cerebella’s tentorium
Apical ligament of dens
Le fort classification of patient presenting with:
Midface swelling
CSF rhinorrheoa
Mall-occlusion
Epistaxis
Le fort 2
Signs of patient with Le fort 3 fracture
Lengthening and flattening of face
Haemotympaneum
Mastoid bruising
Enophthalmos
What are the parasympathetic ganglia of the head & neck and the final structures they supply?
E ginger Westphalia- sphincter papillae & cilliary bodies
Superior salivatory- nasal & lacrimal glands + submandibular & sublingual glands
Inferior salivatory- parotid gland
What are the pre and post synaptic nerves associated with the following ganglia:
Otic
Submandibular
Cilliary
Pterygopalatine
Otic:
Pre=lesser petrosal nerve
Post= auriculotemporal
Submandibular:
Pre=chorda tympani
PST=lingual
Cilliary:
Pre= occulomotor
Post=short ciliary
Pterygopalatine:
Pre=greater petrodollars
Post=maxillary
What are the clinical signs of occulomotor nerve palsy?
-down & out pupil
Dilated pupil (mydirasis)
Between which 2 arteries does the CN3 pass between near its origin?
Posterior cerebral & superior cerebellar arteries
How would a patient with an aneurysm compressing the CN3 present initially?
-dilated pupil
-loss of accommodation
(Loss of parasympathetic control=peripheral compression)
How would a patient with diabetic neuropathy of CN3 present?
Motor symptoms;
-ptosis
-down & out pupil (extra-ocular muscles)
Middle of nerve =motor
What nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle?
Trochlear (CN4)
