Head and Neck 1 Flashcards
(36 cards)
How many cranial bones are they are what are there names?
8 cranial bones: Ethmoid (1). Frontal (1). Occipital (1). Parietal (2). Sphenoid (1). Temporal (1). Zygomatic.
How many facial bones are they are what are there names (irregular bones, funny shaped. concha- bones in nose that help increase surface area)?
14 facial bones: Lacrimal (2) Maxilla (2) Nasal (2) Inferior concha (2) Palatine (2) Vomer (1) Zygoma malar(2) Mandible (1).
What are cranial sutures?
Sutures are fibrous joint.
When born these sutures overlap.
What are the three cranial sutures called and where are they situated?
Coronal, lambdoid and sagittal./Users/emilywilson/Desktop/Screen Shot 2019-02-07 at 17.21.42.png
What are fontanelles?
They are holes, can feel the brain in these parts. When dehydrated baby, the fontanelle becomes really depressed. Intercranial pressure test use this bit.
Anterior fontonelle closes at 2 years old.
Posterior fontanelle closes at 2 months, back of head.
What does petrous mean?
Rough/bumpy.
What is the thinnest bone in the body?
Lacrimal bone. It is thinner than a bit of paper.
What bones are in the cranial base (sit inside skull)?
Ethmoid bone, frontal bone, occipital bone, sphenoid and the petrous part of the temporal bone.
What is the biggest bone in the head?
Occipital bone. It develops from 4 separate bones forms from foreman magnum-up and down though brain to rest of body.
What is the mastoid process?
A conical prominence of the temporal bone behind the ear, to which neck muscles are attached, and which has air spaces linked to the middle ear.
What bones are in the top skull (cranial base)?
Frontal, parital, occipital, temporal (squamous part)
Where is the weakest part of the skull?
Pterion (where the temporal, parietal, frontal and sphenoid bone).
What is an extradural haemorrhage? Occurs at ptergoid.
Extradural haematoma (EDH), also known as an epidural haematoma, is a collection of blood that forms between the inner surface of the skull and outer layer of the dura, which is called the endosteal layer. They are usually associated with a history of head trauma and frequently associated skull fracture. The source of bleeding is usually arterial, most commonly from a torn middle meningeal artery.
Where does the optic nerve sit?
In the optic foramen.
What nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure?
Oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal and abducens nerve.
What are the branches of the external carotid artery?
They are in ascending order: superior thyroid, ascending pharyngeal, lingual, facial, occipital, and posterior auricular. The two terminating branches are the maxillary and superficial temporal arteries.
What does the facial artery supply?
Supplies the face.
What does the superior thyroid artery supply?
It is the first major branch of the external carotid artery. It supplies the thyroid gland.
What does the lingual artery supply?
Supplies the floor of the mouth.
What does the occipital artery supply?
Supplies blood to the back of the scalp.
What does the ascending pharyngeal artery supply?
Pharynx.
What does the posterior auricular artery supply?
Ear.
What does the superficial temporal artery supply?
Supplies the temporalis and scalp.
What does the maxillary artery supply?
Supplies the deep structures of the face.
