Head And Neck Flashcards
(30 cards)
SCALP structures
Skin CT dense Aponeurosis (epicranial) (occipitofrontalis m) Loose CT Pericranium (periosteum)
Then bone (calvaria)
CN VII course
Through internal acoustic meatus and petrous part temporal bone with CN VIII
Into facial canal near middle and internal ear
Exit skull via stylomastoid foramen of temporal bone
Acoustic neuroma of CN VIII
May compress VII
Geniculate ganglion
External genu of CN VII
Contains 1deg sensory cell bodies associated with CN VII
CN VII branches
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Marginal mandibular Cervical Posterior auricular (not through parotid) N to post belly digastric and stylohyoid
Ophthalmic division
Supraorbital Supratrochlear Infratrochlear External nasal Lacrimal (palpebral branch)
Maxillary division
Infraorbital
Zygomaticofacial
Zygomaticotemporal
Mandibular division
Mental
Buccal
Auriculotemporal
Carotid sheath contents
Common and internal carotid
IJV
CN X
Deep cervical nodes
IJV clinical significance
Jugular venous pulses
Central venous line
Heart catheterisation
Between 2 heads of SCM
Carotid sinus
Baroreceptor for BP
At proximal internal carotid
Carotid body
Chemoreceptor for O2 levels
At bifurcation
Carotid endarterectomy
Surgery to open or clean carotid
External carotid a
Ant branches
Superior thyroid
Ascending pharyngeal
Lingual
Facial
External carotid a
Post branches
Occipital
Posterior auricular
External carotid a
Terminal branches
Maxillary
Superficial temporal
Subclavian a branches
Vertebral Internal thoracic/mammary Thyrocervical trunk Costocervical trunk Dorsal scapular
Subclavian a continuation
As axillary a
At lateral border of 1st rib
Face and scalp vv
Retromandibular (from superficial temporal and maxillary)
EJV (from post RM and posterior auricular)
Common facial (from facial, ant RM, lingual, drain to IJV)
Occipital
Supraorbital
Supratrochlear
Face and scalp vv
Anastomoses
Facial anastomoses with ophthalmic vv, drain into cavernous sinus
Deep tributaries of facial anastomose with pterygoid plexus
Pterygoid plexus anastomoses with cavernous sinus
Deep lymphatics of neck
Main groups of deep cervical nodes (DCN) Lymph from head and neck Within carotid sheath Jugulo-digastric Jugulo-omohyoid
Sentinel nodes location
Near root of neck
Lymph from many parts of body flow through
Brachial plexus
Roots (ventral rami C5-C8, T1) Trunks (sup, mid, inf) Divisions (ant, post) Cords (lat, post, med) Branches (musculocutaneous, axillary, radial, median, ulnar)
Cervical plexus
C1-C4 ventral rami Cutaneous branches Anterolateral mm of neck (infrahyoids mostly via ansa cervicalis) C1 fibres briefly with CN XII Phrenic (C3-C5)
