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Netter Anatomy > Head and Neck - Skeletal System > Flashcards

Head and Neck - Skeletal System Flashcards

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1
Q

1.

A
  1. frontal bone
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2
Q

2.

A
  1. supraorbital notch (foramen)
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3
Q

3.

A
  1. Nasal Bone
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4
Q

4.

A
  1. Lacrimal Bone
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5
Q

5.

A
  1. Zygomatic Bone
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6
Q

6.

A
  1. Infraorbital Foramen
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7
Q

7.

A
  1. Maxillary Bone
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8
Q

8.

A
  1. Mental Foramen
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9
Q

9.

A
  1. Mandible
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10
Q

10.

A
  1. Ethmoid Bone (Orbital Plate)
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11
Q

11.

A
  1. Sphenoid Bone
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12
Q

12.

A
  1. Temporal bone
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13
Q

13.

A
  1. Parietal Bone
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14
Q

what are the two general classes of skull bones?

A

Neurocranium - 8 bones that surround the brain

Viscerocranium - 14 bones that form the face

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15
Q

list the 8 bones of the neurocranium

A
  • frontal bone
  • parietal bones
  • occipital bone
  • ethmoid bones
  • sphenoid bones
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16
Q

Le Fort I

A

horizontal fracture detaching the maxilla along the nasal floor

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17
Q

Le Fort II

A

pyramidal fracture that includes both maxillae, nasal bones, infraorbital rims and orbital floors

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18
Q

Le Fort III

A

includes the Le Fort II fracture and both zygomatic bones, may cause airway obstruction, nasoacrimal obstruction, and cerebrospinal fluid leakage

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19
Q

what are midface fractures referred to as ?

A

le fort I, II, and III

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20
Q

1.2 - 1

A

parietal bone

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21
Q

1.2 - 2

A

Coronal suture

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22
Q

1.2 - 3

A

sphenoid bone

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23
Q

1.2 - 4

A

Lacrimal Bone

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24
Q

1.2 - 5

A
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25
1.2 - 6
Zygomatic Bone
26
1.2 - 7
occipital bone (external occipital protuberance )
27
1.2 - 8
Lamboid Suture
28
1.2 - 9
Temporal Bone (Squamous part, Zygomatic process, external acoustic meatus, mastoid process)
29
pterion
the site of union of the frontal, parietal, sphenoid and temporal bones - a blow to the head or a skull fracture in this region is dangerous because the bone at this site is thing and the middle meningeal artery, supplying the dural covering of the brain, lies just deep to this area.
30
asterion
the site of union of the temporal, parietal and occipital bones
31
1.2 - linear skull fracture
fracture with a distinct fracture line
32
1.2 - comminuted skull fracture
fracture with multiple bone bragments (fragments are depressed if driven inwardly and can tear the dura mater)
33
1.2 - diastasic skull fracture
fracture along a suture line
34
1.2 - basilar skull fracture
fracture along the base of the skull
35
what is the cause of a epidural hematoma
a blow to the pterion which tears the middle meningeal arteries causing bleeding inbetween the periosteal layer of dura and the overlying bone
36
1.3 - 1
sphenoid bone
37
1.3 - 2
frontal bone
38
1.3 - 3
ethmoid bone (frontal sinus)
39
1.3 - 4
maxillary bone (incisive canal, palatine process)
40
1.3 - 5
vomer
41
1.3 - 6
palatine bone
42
1.3 - 7
occipital bone
43
1.3 - 8
temporal bone (squamous part, petrous part )
44
1.3 - 9
parietal bone
45
which bones form the nasal septum
the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone, the vomer, the palantine bones and the septal cartilages
46
in which bone houses the middle and inner ear cavities and the vestibular system
petrous portion of the temporal bone
47
1.4 - 1
frontal bone
48
1.4 - 2
nasal bone
49
1.4 - 3
major alar cartilage
50
1.4 - 4
maxillary bone
51
1.4 - 5
inferior nasal concha
52
1.4 - 6
palatine bone (perpendicular and horizontal plates)
53
1.4 - 7
sphenoid bone (sphenoidal sinus, medial and lateral plates of pterygoid process)
54
1.4 - 8
ethmoid bone
55
1.4 - 9
lacrimal bone
56
conchae
projections of the ethmoid bones which are called turbinates when covered in mucosa
57
which bones form the hard palate
palatine process of the maxillae and the horizontal plates of the palatine bones
58
where does the pituitary gland lie
hypophyseal fossa
59
what is the surgical approach for the removal of a pituitary tumor
through nasal cavity, by passing through the nasal cavity by passing through the phenoidal sinus and directly emntering the hypophosseal fossa
60
1.5 - 1
maxillary bone
61
1.5 - 2
zygomatic bone
62
1.5 - 3
sphenoid bone
63
1.5 - 4
temporal bone
64
1.5 - 5
parietal bone
65
1.5 - 6
occiptal bone
66
1.5 - 7
vomer
67
1.5 - 8
palatine bone
68
what is the largest foramen of the skull?
foramen magnum
69
1.6 - 1
foramina of cribiform plate (olfactory nerve bundles )
70
1.6 - 2
optic canal
71
1.6 - 3
suoerior orbital fissure
72
1.6 - 4
foramen rotundum
73
what passes through the optic canal?
- CN II, optic nerve - ophthalmic artery
74
what passes through the superior orbital fissure
- CN III, oculomotor nerve - CN IV, trochlear nerve - CN V branch 1, Ophthalmic nerve - CN VI, Abducens nerve - superior ophthalmic vein
75
what passes through the foramen rotundum
CN V2, maxillary nerve
76
what passes through the foramen ovale
- CN V3, mandibular nerve - accessory meningeal artery - lesser petrosal nerve
77
what passes through the foramen spinosum
- middle meningeal artery and vein - meningeal branch of mandibular nerve
78
what passes through the foramen lacerum
greater petrosal nerve
79
what passes through the carotid canal
- internal carotid artery - internal carotid nerve plexus
80
1.6 - 5
foramen ovale
81
1.6 - 6
foramen spinosum
82
1.6 - 7
foramen lacerum
83
1.6 - 8
carotid canal
84
1.6 - 9
internal acoustic meatus
85
1.6 - 10
jugular foramen
86
1.6 - 11
hypoglossal canal
87
1.6 - 12
foramen magnum
88
what passes through the internal acoustic meatus
- CN VII, favial nerve - CN VIII, vestibulocochlear - labyrinthine artery
89
what passes through the jugular foramen
- inferior petrosal venous sinus - CN VIII, glossopharyngeal nerve - CN X, vagus nerve - CN XI, accessory nerve - posterior meningeal artery - sigmoid venous sinus
90
what passes through the hypoglossal canal
CN XII, hypoglossal nerve
91
what passes through the foramen magnum
- medulla oblongata, - meninges - vertebral artery - meningeal branches of vertebral arteries - spinal roots of accessory nerves
92
1.7 - 1
condylar process
93
1.7 - 2
coronoid process
94
1.7 - 3
submandibular fossa
95
1.7 - 4
mylohyoid line
96
1.7 - 5
mental foramen
97
1.7 - 6
mental protuberance
98
1.7 - 7
body
99
1.7 - 8
ramus
100
1.7 - 9
mandibular notch
101
what passes through the mandibular foramen
inferior alveolar neurovascular bundle passes through the mandibular foramen, it innervates the mandibular teeth and supplies them with blood
102
with which cranial bone does the condylar process articulate with?
- temporal bone, forming the temporomandibular joint
103
1.8 - 1
condylar process
104
1.8 - 2
neck
105
1.8 - 3
pterygoid fovea
106
1.8 - 4
mandibular foramen
107
1.8 - 5
mylohyoid groove
108
1.8 - 6
submandibular fossa
109
1.8 - 7
mylohyoid line
110
1.8 - 8
sublingual fossa
111
1.8 - 9
mental spines (genial tubercles)
112
1.8 - 10
lingula
113
1.8 - 11
mandibular notch
114
1.8 - 12
coronoid process
115
landmark top administer anesthesia in dental work in order to anesthetoze the inferior alveolar nerve and the lingual nerve?
pterygomandibular space proximal to the mandibular foramen
116
what does the lingual nerve innervate?
- epithelium of the anterior two-thirs of the tongue - lingual gums
117
1.9 - 1
joint capsule
118
1.9 - 2
lateral (temporomandibular) ligament
119
1.9 - 3
sphenomandibular ligament
120
1.9 - 4
stylomandibular ligament
121
1.9 - 5
mandibular fossa
122
1.9 - 6
articular disc
123
1.9 - 7
articular tubercle
124
1.9 - 8
joint capsule
125
bruxism
grinding of teeth
126
1.10 - 1
incisive fossa
127
1.10 - 2
palatine process of the maxillary bone
128
1.10 - 3
horizontal plate of palatine bone
129
1.10 - 4
greater and lesser palatine foramine
130
1.10 - 5
central incisor
131
1.10 - 6
lateral incisor
132
1.10 - 7
canine
133
1.10 - 8
1st premolar
134
1.10 - 9
2nd premolar
135
1.10 - 10
1st molar
136
1.10 - 11
2nd molar
137
1.10 - 12
3rd molar
138
how many adult teeth
32
139
what innervates the maxillary teeth
maxillary nerve CN V2
140
mandibular teeth are innervated by
CN V3 - mandibular nerve
141
1.11 - 1
crown
142
1.11 - 2
neck
143
1.11 - 3
root
144
1.11 - 4
enamel aka substantia adamantina
145
1.11 - 5
dentine and dentinal tubules aka substantia eburnea
146
11.1 - 6
dental pulp containing vessels and nerves
147
11.1 - 7
gingival epithelium
148
11.1 - 8
peridontium
149
11.1 - 9
cement
150
1.11 - 10
root canals containing vessels and nerves
151
1.11 - 11
apical foramina
152
1.12 - 1
articular facet for dens
153
1.12 - 2
anterior tubercle
154
1.12 - 3
anterior arch
155
1.12 - 4
transverse process
156
1.12 - 5
superior articular surface of lateral mass for occipital condyle
157
1.12 - 6
groove for vertebral artery
158
1.12 - 7
posterior arch
159
1.12 - 8
transverse foramen
160
1.12 - 9
anterior arch
161
1.12 - 10
inferior articular surface of lateral mass for axis
162
1.12 - 11
spinous process
163
1.12 - 12
superior articular facet for atlas
164
1.12 - 13
dens
165
1.12 - 14
body
166
1.12 - 15
superior articular facet for atlas
167
1.12 - 16
pedicle
168
what is the first cervical vertebrae
atlas
169
2nd cervical vertebrae
axis
170
dens
aka odontoid process - on the axis, articulates with the anterior arch of the atlas, providing a pivot about which the atlas and head can rotate
171
jefferson fraction
Jefferson fracture is the eponymous name given to a burst fracture of the atlas.
172
hangman fracture
The hangman's fracture refers to a break in a bone known as C2, because it is the second bone down from the skull in your cervical (neck) vertebrae. A fracture can be a partial or complete break in a bone. The injury can also cause the C2 to move out of alignment with the bone right below it, known as the C3.
173
1.13 - 1
posterior atlantoocciptal membrane
174
1.13 - 2
capsule of atlantooccipital joint
175
1.13 - 3
transverse process of atlas (C1)
176
1.13 - 4
capsule of lateral atlantoaxial joint
177
1.13 - 5
ligamenta flava
178
1.13 - 6
capsule of atlantoccipital joint
179
1.13 - 7
posterior atlantoccipital membrane
180
1.13 - 8
ligamenta flava
181
1.13 - 9
nuchal ligament
182
1.13 - 10
spinous process of C7 vertebra (vertebra promines)
183
1.13 - 11
spinous process of T1 vertebra
184
1.13 - 12
T1 vertebra
185
1.13 - 13
vertebral artery
186
1.13 - 14
anterior longitudinal ligament
187
how many cervical vertebrae?
7
188
1.14 - 1
capsule of atlantoccipital joint
189
1.14 - 2
capsule of lateral atlantoaxial joint
190
1.14 - 3
capsule of zygapophysial joint (C2-C3)
191
1.14 - 4
tectorial membrane
192
1.14 - 5
posterior longitudinal ligament
193
1.14 - 6
alar ligaments
194
1.14 - 7
atlas (C1)
195
1.14 - 8
Axis (C2)
196
1.14 - 9
cruciate ligament
197
what is the most common form of arthritis
osteoarthritis
198
1.15 - 1
epiglottis
199
1.15 - 2
hyoid bone
200
1.15 - 3
thytrohyoid membrane
201
1.15 - 4
arytenoid cartilage
202
1.15 - 5
thyroid cartilage lamina
203
1.15 - 6
vocal ligament
204
1.15 - 7
median cricothyroid ligament
205
1.15 - 8
cricoid cartilage
206
1.15 - 9
trachea
207
cuneiform cartilages
In the human larynx, the cuneiform cartilages (from Latin: cunei, "wedge-shaped"; also known as cartilages of Wrisberg) are two small, elongated pieces of yellow elastic cartilage, placed one on either side, in the aryepiglottic fold. The cuneiforms are paired cartilages that sit on top of and move with the arytenoids.
208
what structure creates the adams apple
thyroid cartilage
209
1.16 - 1
malleus
210
1.16 - 2
handle of malleus
211
1.16 - 3
stapes
212
1.16 - 4
base of stapes - footplate
213
1.16 - 5
lenticular process of incus
214
1.16 - 6
incus
215
sensorineural hearing loss vs conductive hearing loss
- sensorineural hearing loss: involves cochlea or vestibularcochlear nerve (CN VIII) - conductive hearing loss: disorder of the external or middle ear, often involving the tympanic membrane and or the ossicles
216
ossicles
a very small bone, especially one of those in the middle ear.

Netter Anatomy (3 decks)

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