Head , Neck & Parasiology Flashcards
(85 cards)
1
Q
Bones of skull
Sphenoid bone Parts 1. 2. 3. Fossas in sphenoid bone 1. 2. 3.
Entamoeba histolytica :-
Cyst can survive :-
No of cyst to cause disease :-
It can cause :-
Causes of travellers diarrohea 1. 2. 3. 4. 2nd most common parasite to cause death is :- 1st is :-
A
144
2
Q
ACF has 1.foramen caecum :- Cribriform plate of ethmoid is pierced by :- 2. Anterior ethmoidal foramen :- 3. Posterior ethmoid foramen :-
A
144
3
Q
In LW of sphenoid :- Has :- From which passes:- 1. 2.
A
144
4
Q
In GA of sphenoid :-
1.
2.
3.
A
145
5
Q
Structures passing through
Foramen Rotundum
1.
A
145
6
Q
Structures passing through foramen ovale :- Mnemonic is :- M A L E
A
145
7
Q
Structures passing through foramen spinosum
M
E
N
A
145
8
Q
In middle cranial fossa has foramen :-
In petrous bone has foramen :-
Behind petrous bone foramen
1.
2.
A
145
9
Q
Image
Internal carotid artery pass through :-
Superior part of foramen lacerumnis transverse by :-
Lower part is closed by :-
A
146
10
Q
Grater petrosal nerve is branch of:-
Carries :-
Deep petrosal nerve is branch of :-
Forms
Carries :-
From :-
A
146
11
Q
Greater petrosal nerve + deep petrosal nerve aka :-
Pass through :-
Present in floor of sphenoid
Ends in :-
A
146
12
Q
Internal auditory meatus :- Petrous part of temporal bone has 1. 2. 3. Structures passing through IAM :- 1. 2. 3.
A
147
13
Q
Labyrinthine artery Aries from :-
A
147
14
Q
There are 3 components of jugular foramen Structures passing through 1. Anterior compartment:- 2. Intermediated compartment:- 3. Posterior compartment:-
A
147
15
Q
VERNET syndrome :-
Through hypoglossal canal :-
A
147
16
Q
Foramen Magnum ( image ) Has 2 compartment Structures passing through anterior compartment 1. 2. 3. Structures passing through posterior compartment 1. 2. 3. 4.
A
148
17
Q
Inferior view of skull
A. :-
B :-
A
149
18
Q
Mandible
Image :-
Mandibular foramen
Structures passing :-
Myelohyoid groove transmit
Through mental foramen :-
Mental nerve is continuation of :-
A
149
19
Q
Muscles of mastication :-
- 2.
- 4.
A
150
20
Q
Attachment of muscles of masticaction :- 1. 2. 3. 4.
A
150
21
Q
Scalp S C A L P
Tissue expander is placed in between in scalp :-
In body :-
A
152
22
Q
Face :-
Facial muscles are derivative of :-
Other subcutaneous muscles :-
Motor supply of facial nerve :-
A
152
23
Q
Sensory supply of facial muscles
By ophthalmic nerve :- 1. 2. 3. Maxillary nerve :- 1. 2. 3. Mandibular nerve 1. 2. 3. 4. Greater Auricular nerve Branch of :- Sensory supply to :-
Lesser occipital nerve :-
Auricular branch of vagus to :-
A
152
24
Q
Venous drainage of face :-
Read :-
A
153
25
Dangerous area of scalp :-
Between :-
This area is drained by :-
Infection in this area :-
154
26
Triangle of neck :-
```
Triangle 1 :-
Triangle 2 :-
Triangle 3 :-
Triangle 4 :-
Triangle 5 :-
Triangle 6 :-
```
155
27
```
Posterior triangle :-
Floor formed by :-
Below fascia muscle :-
1.
2.
3.
4.
Roof of triangle :-
Fascia :-
Vein :-
Cutaneous branches :-
1.
2.
3.
4.
```
156
28
```
Posterior triangle is divided by ,,,,,,,,,,,
Into
1.
2.
Occipital triangle and content
Most cutaneous structure in occipital triangle :-
Supplies :-
Other content of occipital triangle are :-
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
```
157
29
```
Supracoavicular / subclavian triangle content :-
1.
2.
3.
4.
5,
6.
7.
8.
```
158
30
```
Anterior triangle content :-
1. Submental triangle :-
2. Muscular triangle :-
3. Diagastric triangle :-
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Myelohyoid nerve is branch of :-
Inferior alveolar nerve is branch of :-
Supplies :-
f
```
Hypoglossal nerve is present in both :-
Image :-
158
31
Anterior triangle is divided by ,,,,,,,,,into
1.
2.
158
32
```
Carotid triangle boundaries imagine :-
Above and front :-
Below and front :-
Behind :-
Content of carotid triangle
1.
2.
3.
In upper part of triangle:-
```
In anterior wall of carotid sheath :-
Behind the carotid sheath :-
159
33
Read carotid triangle content :-
Carotid body :-
Carotid sinus :- baroreceptor
Tumor in carotid body :-
Leads to splaying of:-
Gives an apperance of :-
Lyre sign image
Seen in :-
160
34
External carotid artery has ,,,,,,,no of branches
161
35
Branches of external carotid artery :-
1. 1 st branch of ECA :-
2.
3
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Terminal branch of ECA at neck of :-
Not in carotid triangle :-
161
36
```
Arteries in carotid triangle
1.
2.
3.
5 branches of ECA :-
a.
b.
c.
d.
c
```
Facial artery and occipital artery are branch of ECA
161
37
Floor muscles of diagstric triangle :-
1.
2.
3.
162
38
Floor muscle of carotid triangle :-
1.
2.
162
39
Middle constrictor and hyoglossus muscle forms floor of both :-
162
40
```
Suboccipital triangle :-
1. Above and medially :-
2. Above and laterally :-
3. Below and laterally :-
Content :-
1.
2.
Floor :-
1.
2.
```
163
41
```
Suprahyoid muscles are :- and there nerve supply ( from triangle of neck imagine )
1.
2.
3.
4.
```
164
42
Infrahyoid muscles
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
164
43
Nerves in the neck :-
```
Cervical plexus is formed :-
Gives :-
Cutaneous branches of cervical plexus are :-
1.
2.
3.
4.
These forms the :-
```
Skin over angle of mandible :-
Entire face :-
Motor branches of cervical plexus are
1.
2.
165.
44
Ana cervicalis :-
Root value Is :-
```
C1 fibers combines with :-
2 motor branches
1.
2.
Image :-
Superior root of anca :-
```
165
45
C2, C3
Descending cervicalis :-
Inferior root of Anna :-
Anna cervicalis ;-
Formed by ,,,,,,,,,,,,+,,,,,,,,,,,
Supplies :-
Infrahyoid muscles aka :-
166
46
```
In Hypoglossal nerve injury
Paralysis of
1.
2.
3.
```
166
47
```
Phrenic nerve :-
Root value :-
Majority
Dermatome :-
Referred pain :-
It is mixed nerve
Motor :-
Sensory :-
Relationship :-
1. Anterior to :-
2. Between :-
3. In thorax :-
```
Vagus nerve in thorax :-
Right phrenic nerve is shorter in length :-
Reason :-
166
48
```
Image :-
Very important
Medial to lateral
1.
2.
3.
4.
```
166
49
```
Deep cervical fascia :-
1. ,,,,,,aka ,,,,,,,,
2
a.
b.
3.
a.
b.
```
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50
```
Superficial layer or investing layer of DCF
1. Forms roof of :-
2. Capsule of
a.
b.
3. Encloses 2 spaces
a.
b.
```
168
51
```
Supraclavicular space content
1.
2.
Suprasternal space content
1.
2.
3.
```
168
52
```
Deep cervical facia:- middle layer :-
1. Muscular layer encloses :-
Encloses :-
2. Visceral layer forms
a.
b.
Buccopharyngeal fascia covers :-
Pretracheal fascia splits and encloses :-
Thicker to form :-
```
169
53
Berry’s ligament attaches :-
Therefore :-
MC site of damage of RLN is over :-
169
54
```
Deep cervical facia :- deep layer
Divides
Ventrally :-
Dorsally :-
- encloses the :-
- forms floor of :-
```
Extension of prevertibral fascia for :-
Axillary sheeth formed by :-
Encloses :-
Axiallary veins remains :-
170
55
Carotid sheeth formed by :-
Content :-
Anterior wall :-
Posterior:-
Image :-
170
56
```
Muscles of Mastication :- nerve supply and action
1.
2.
3.
4.
```
172
57
Temporalis
Origin :-
Insertion :-
Action :-
172
58
Masseter
Origin :-
Insertion :-
Action :-
172
59
```
Lateral pterygoid :-
Origin :-
Insertion :-
Action
1.
2.
```
173
60
Depression is only done by :-
173
61
```
Medial pterygoid :-
Arise from :-
Insertion :-
Action
1.
2.
```
173
62
```
Maxillary artery :-
Branch of :-
3 parts
1.
2.
3.
```
Branches from 2 part does not require :-
Branches from 1. And 3 rd
Art requires :-
174
63
Maxillary artery branches
```
Branches from first part :-
Mnemonic :- MAIDA
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
```
2nd part branches :-
1.
2.
3.
4.
```
3rd part branches
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
```
175
64
Image
Internal carotid artery pass through :-
Superior part of foramen lacerumnis transverse by :-
Lower part is closed by :-
146
65
Grater petrosal nerve is branch of:-
Carries :-
Deep petrosal nerve is branch of :-
Forms
Carries :-
From :-
146
66
Greater petrosal nerve + deep petrosal nerve aka :-
Pass through :-
Present in floor of sphenoid
Ends in :-
146
67
Dural venous sinus :-
Space between :-
Present between two meningeal layer :-
1.
2.
```
Dural folds :-
1.
2.
3.
4.
```
176
68
```
Tentorium cerebelli :-
Forms partion between :-
Sinuses present in it are
1.
2.
3.
```
176
69
```
Fall cerebri
Present between :-
Sinus present :-
1.
2.
3.
ISS and straight sinus :- present between :-
```
177
70
Fall cerebelli
Present between :-
Contain :-
177
71
Diaphragma sellae
Present over :-
Forms roof of :-
177
72
```
Unpaired sinuses are
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
```
177
73
```
Paired sinus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
```
177
74
Superior Sagital sinus continues as :-
178
75
Inferior saggital sinus continues as :- ,,,,,,,,+,,,,,,,:-
178
76
Transverse sinus continues as :-
Sigmoid sinus drains into :-
Lateral sinus :- ,,,,,,,,+ ,,,,,,,,,,,
```
Confluence of sinus :- melting point of 4 sinus
1.
2.
3.
4.
```
178
77
```
Cavernous sinus :-
Loacation :- either side of :-
Medially :-
1.
2.
```
178
78
Trans shenoidal hypophysectomy :-
| Means removal of :-
179
79
Structures passing through cavernous sinus :-
1.
2. ( ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,)
3.
4.
5.
Maxillary nerves does not pass through lateral wall
179
80
Cavernous sinus :- tributaries and communicating channels :-
```
Tributaries :- inflow channels
Drains into cavernoussinus
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
```
179
81
Communicating channels :-
Outflow channels
Via ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,to ,,,,,,, ,,,,,
Via ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,to ,,,,,,,,,,,,
180
82
Cycle of drainage
Angular vein :-
Facial vein :-
Facial vein communicate to cavernous sinus via :-
Septic emboli from facial vein :-
Superior ophthalmic vein :-
180
83
```
Cavernous sinus thrombosis :-
Features :-
CN affected :-
Opthalmoplegia due to :-
Severe pain along distribution of :-
Swelling of :-
Exophthalmos
Increase ICT leading to :-
Loss of :-
```
181
84
Vein of Trolard :-
| Vein of labbe :-
181
85
Read arterial supply of dura :-
Nerve supply of dura
181-182
