headache

Question 1

life/sigh threatening conditions of headache

Answer 1

stroke, carotid dissection
cerebral venous thrombosis
haemorrhage
hypertensive encephalopathy
space occupying brain lesion
CNS infection
temporal arteritis
acute angle closure glaucoma
benign intracranial hypertension

Question 2

red flags of headache

Answer 2

Systemic symptoms (e.g., fever, signs of meningitis, myalgia, malaise)
Neoplasm in history
Neurological deficits/dysfunction (e.g., altered mental status, seizures)
Onset of headache is sudden or abrupt
Older age at onset (> 50 years)
Pattern changes of headache or recent onset
Positional headache
Precipitated by sneezing, coughing, or exercise
Papilledema and other signs of increased ICP
Progressive headache and atypical features
Pregnancy or postpartum period
Pain of the eye with autonomic features and visual deficits
Posttraumatic onset
Pathology of the immune system (especially due to HIV)
Painkiller overuse or new drug at onset of headache

Question 3

common triggers for tension type headaches

Answer 3

Stress, anxiety, depression
Lack of sleep, fatigue
Poor posture

Question 4

common triggers for migraine headaches

Answer 4

Stress
Fluctuation in hormone levels: oral contraceptives, menstruation
Certain types of food (e.g., those containing tyramines or nitrates such as processed meat, chocolate, cheese)
Exacerbated by exertion

Question 5

common triggers for cluster headaches

Answer 5

alcohol

Question 6

typical clinical presentation of tension headache

Answer 6

Question 7

does exertion exacerbate tension headaches

Answer 7

no

Question 8

can tension headaches cause nausea or vomiting

Answer 8

no

Question 9

character of migraine

Answer 9

Question 10

clinical presentation of cluster headache

Answer 10

Question 11

Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias

Answer 11

cluster headaches, paroxysmal hemicrania, hemicrania continua