health and safety in sport Flashcards
(21 cards)
how do you prevent injury
follow rules and apply them fairly
use protective equipment
ensure that all equipment is in good order
warm up and cool down
name all of the types of injuries
concussion
fractures
dislocation
sprain
overuse injuries
abrasions
strain
torn cartilage
what is concussion
.caused by violent impacts
.common in rugby and boxing
. often follows an impact that causes a loss of consciousness
.patients should seek medical attention
what is a fracture
. broken bones caused by impact, twisting or stress of the bone
. very painful
. urgent medical treatment should be sought
. can be open or closed fracture
dislocation
.joint injuries that occur when the bone meeting at the joint are dislodged through impact, twisting or weakness in the area
sprain
damage to a ligament that crosses a joint
. can be damaged by moving the joint beyond its typical range or motion or through overuse
. sprains are treated using the rice method
strain
damage done to tendons or muscle due to being stretched too far
overuse injuries
-caused due to repetitive actions or poor technique
- apply rest and recovery principles during training to prevent
abrasions
- damage to the skin caused by impacts and collisions
- initially treated by compressing the affected area
torn cartilage
- cartilage can be damaged through twisted actions
- cannot heal itself because it has no blood supply
- normally removed by surgical procedures
what does RICE stand for
Rest
Ice
Compress
Elevate
what is the rice method most effective for
soft tissue injuries or injuries where swelling is likely to occur
list the types of performance enhancing drugs
anabolic steroids
growth hormones
EPO or peptide hormones
blood doping
diuretics
beta blockers
stimulants
narcotic analgesics
what are anabolic steroids
- help athlete make rapid increase in strength and recovery
- man made testosterone
- can cause mood swings
- testicular atrophy
- increase in body hair for females
what is the growth hormone
- causes the body to grow
- build muscle mass
- train longer
- unusual growth
- diabetes
EPO / peptide hormones
- increased red blood cell count
- increased oxygen carrying supply
- endurance athletes
- heart problems
- stroke
blood doping
-increased oxygen carrying capacity
- heart failure
- kidney problems
diuretics
- used to remove excess fluid from the body
- aid weight loss
- masking agent for other drugs
- dehydration
stimulants
- increased alertness
- resistance to fatigue
- lead to addiction
- heart problems/attack
beta blockers
- block adrenaline, stay calm
- stop hands from shaking
- dizziness
- depression
narcotic analgesics
- painkillers used to help an injured athlete
- injury may worsen by continuing to perform
