Health and Well-being

Question 1

What does health mean?

Answer 1

state of physical, social and mental well-being

Question 2

Physical health

Answer 2

being disease free, eating and sleeping well, regular activity, limiting intake of harmful substances

Question 3

Social health

Answer 3

how well you get on with others, and how surroundings affect you

Question 4

Mental health

Answer 4

how you feel about yourself

Question 5

Communicable

Answer 5

can be transmitted from one organism to another

Question 6

Communicable examples

Answer 6

Tuberculosis, flu

Question 7

Non-communicable

Answer 7

cannot be transmitted from one organism to another

Question 8

Non-communicable examples

Answer 8

heart disease, arthritis

Question 9

what are the seven nutrients?

Answer 9

carbohydrates, fibre, fats protein, water, minerals, vitamins

Question 10

what caused anemia?

Answer 10

lack of iron

Question 11

what caused rickets?

Answer 11

lack of vitamin D or calcium

Question 12

having one disease can lead to another. diseases can do the following…

Answer 12

damage the immune system
damage the body’s natural barriers
stop organs working effectively

Question 13

Pathogens

Answer 13

a microorganism that causes disease in living things including plants

Question 14

what are the four types of pathogen

Answer 14

bacteria, viruses, protists and fungi

Question 15

for a microorganism to be considered a pathogen, it must…

Answer 15

gain entry to the host
colonise the tissue of the host
resist the defences of the host
cause damage to host tissues
mechanism to pass onto new host

Question 16

how are communicable diseases caused?

Answer 16

either caused directly by a pathogen or by a toxin made by a pathogen

Question 17

structure of bacteria

Answer 17

single celled organism
much smaller than plant and animal cells
pathogenic bacteria is in the minority

Question 18

binary fission

Answer 18

bacteria divided rapidly by splitting in two. this produces toxins that damage your cells and make you feel ill

Question 19

cholera

Answer 19

an acute diarrhoeal illness caused by infection of the intestine with vibrio cholerea bacteria

Question 20

salmonella

Answer 20

a group of bacteria that can cause diarrhoea in humans

Question 21

tuberculosis

Answer 21

a contagious infection that usually attacks your lungs

Question 22

chlamydia

Answer 22

a bacterial infection usually spread through sexual contact with infected genital fluids

Question 23

risks for disease

Answer 23

alcohol, blood glucose, blood pressure, cholesterol, physical inactivity, tobacco, overweight/obesity, unhealthy diet, UV light from the sun

Question 24

genetic disorders

Answer 24

caused by faulty alleles
can be passed onto offspring but not to any other person

Question 25

malnutrition

Answer 25

when you receive too little or too much of a nutrient

Question 26

what’s alcohol made of?

Answer 26

it is made up of the chemical ethanol

Question 27

what happens when ethanol is absorbed into blood?

Answer 27

When ethanol is absorbed into the blood, from here it can easily pass throughout the body, into tissues, including the brain.

Question 28

liver damage is also known as..

Answer 28

liver cirrhosis

Question 29

cardiovascular disease

Answer 29

covers diseases that affect the heart and blood vessels usually associated with the build up of fatty deposits inside arteries

Question 30

body mass index

Answer 30

mass(kg) divided by height(m) squared

Question 31

Harmful substances from cigarettes are absorbed into the bloodstream and transported around the body. They cause the following:

Answer 31

damage to blood vessels increased blood pressure narrow blood vessels increase risk of blood clots ALL LEADING TO CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE

Question 32

what are stents used for

Answer 32

used to treat coronary heart disease

Question 33

how are stents used?

Answer 33

a metal mesh is placed in the artery. A tiny balloon is inflated to open up the blood vessel and stent at the same time, the balloon is removed, but the stent remains holding the vessel open, so blood can flow freely.

Question 34

what is bypass surgery used for?

Answer 34

Replace the narrow or blocked coronary arteries with bits of veins from other parts of the body.

Question 35

statins

Answer 35

Increasingly prescribed to anyone at risk of cardiovascular disease. Reduce blood cholesterol levels, slowing the rate at which fatty material is deposited in the coronary arteries.