Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MT101 > Health Care Waste Management > Flashcards

Health Care Waste Management Flashcards

(66 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

According to WHO/UNICEF 2015: Only 24 countries had adequate systems in place for the safe disposal of health care wastes

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Facts on Health Care Waste (WHO)
__% generated non-hazardous wastes

A

75-90%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Facts on Health Care Waste (WHO)
___% Considered hazardous and may be infectious, toxic, or radioactive

A

10-25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

0.5 kg hazardous wastes per hospital bed per day

A

High-income countries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

0.2 kg hazardous wastes per hospital bed per day

A

Low-income countries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Facts on Health Care Waste (Philippines)
____% - Hazardous health care wastes

A

30.37%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Facts on Health Care Waste (Philippines)
____% - general wastes

A

69.63%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Philippines hospitals (per hospital bed per day)
____kg infectious sharps and pathological wastes

A

0.34kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Philippines hospitals (per hospital bed per day)
____kg general wastes

A

0.39kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Health Care Waste Generators

A

Hospitals and medical centers
Infirmaries
Birthing homes
Drug manufacturers
Mortuary and autopsy centers
Clinics and other health-related facilities
Laboratories and research centers
Institutions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

All wastes suspected to contain pathogens or toxins in sufficient concentration that may cause disease to a susceptible host

A

Infectious Wastes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Includes discarded materials or equipments used for diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with infectious diseases.

A

Infectious wastes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tissue sections and body fluids or organs derived from biopsies, autopsies, or surgical procedures sent to the laboratory for examination.

A

Pathological and Anatomical Waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Subgroup referring to recognizable body parts usually from amputation procedures

A

Anatomic waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Waste items that can cause cuts, pricks, or puncture wounds.
It is considered the MOST DANGEROUS health care waste because of their potential to cause both injury and infection

A

Sharps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Discarded chemicals generated during disinfections and sterilization procedures
Includes wastes with high content of heavy metals and their derivatives

A

Chemical Wastes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Chemical are considered hazardous when they are:

A

Toxic - with health and environmental hazards
Corrosive - acid of pH <2.0 and bases of pH >12.0
Flammable - with a flash point below 60*C
Reactive - explosive with water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Expired, split, and contaminated pharmaceutical products, drugs, and vaccines including discarded items used in handling pharmaceuticals

A

Pharmaceutical Waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Wastes exposed to radionuclides including radioactive diagnostic materials or radiotherapeutic materials

A

Radioactive Waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Wastes that have not been in contact with communicable or infectious agents, hazardous chemicals, or radioactive substances, and do not pose a hazard

A

Non-hazardous/general Waste

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Who are being exposed in health care wastes?

A

Medical staff, in-patients, out-patients, visitors, etc etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Short periods in large quantities

A

Acute exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Prolonged periods in minute quantities

A

Chronic Exposure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Adverse Health Outcomes such as
Sharp-inflicted injuries
Toxic exposure to pharmaceutical products
Antibiotics and cytotoxic drugs
Mercury and dioxins
Chemical burns
Air pollution
Thermal injuries
Radiation burns

A

May lead to blood-transmissible diseases
May be released to the surrounding during the handling or incineration of these wastes
From disinfection, sterilization, or waste treatment activities
Release of particulate matter during medical waste incineration
In conjunction with open burning and the operation of medical waste incinerators

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Waste in landfills can lead to the contamination of drinking, surface, and ground waters if not properly constructed
true
26
When incinerated, Chlorine generates what?
Dioxins and furans - CARCINOGENIC
27
Use modern incinerators operating at what *C?
850*C to 1100*C
28
Disposal through incineration is NOT allowed in the Philippines
true
29
Alternatives to incineration to minimized the formation and release of chemicals or hazardous emissions
Autoclave, microwave, steam treatment integrated with internal mixing
30
Health care Waste Management Hierarchy From most preferred to Least preferred
Avoidance Reduction Reuse Recycling Treatment Safe disposal
31
The most important step in the proper management of health care wastes
Waste minimization
32
green procurement policy's two aspects:
Waste prevention and waste reduction
33
Resource Development
Safely reusing, recycling, and recovering wastes
34
For wastes that cannot be safely reused, recycled, or recovered,
End of Pipe Approach
35
Two aspects of End of Pipe Approach
Treatment and disposal
36
Process of changing the biological and chemical characteristics of waste to minimize its potential to cause harm
Waste Treatment
37
Discharging, depositing, placing, or releasing any health care waste into air, land, or water
Waste Disposal
38
Strong leakproof bin with cover labelled "infectious" with biohazard symbol
Pathological and Anatomical Waste BIN
39
Yellow plastic that can withstand autoclaving with 0.009mm thickness and labelled "infections waste" with a tag indicating source and weight of waste and date of collection
Pathological and Anatomical Waste Liner
40
Puncture-proof container with wide mouth and cover labeled "sharps" with biohazard symbol
Sharps BIN
41
Sharps Liner
Not applicable
42
Labeled Chemical waste
Chemical waste bin
43
For liquid chemical waste, inside the bin is a disposal bottle made of
Amber-colored glass with at least 4 liters capacity that is strong, chemical resistant, and leak-proof
44
Yellow with black band plastic with 0.009 mm thickness and labelled “Chemical Waste” with a tag indicating source and weight of waste and date of collection
Chemical Waste Liner
45
Strong leakproof bin with cover labelled “Pharmaceutical Waste” for expired drugs and drug containers “Cytotoxic Waste” for cytotoxic, genotoxic, and antineoplastic
Pharmaceutical Waste Bin
46
Yellow with black band plastic with 0.009 mm thickness and labelled “Pharmaceutical Waste” with a tag indicating source and weight of waste and date of collection
Pharmaceutical Waste liner
47
Radiation-proof repositories, leak-proof, and lead-lined container labeled with name of radionuclide and date of deposition with radioactive symbol
Radioactive waste bin
48
Orange plastic with 0.009 mm thickness and labelled “Radioactive” with a tag indicating name of radionuclide and date of deposition
Radioactive waste liner
49
Optional recycle symbol for recyclable non-hazardous waste Varying sizes depending on the volume of waste
General waste Bin
50
Black or colorless plastic for non-biodegradable Green for biodegradable With 0.009 mm thickness with a tag indicating source, weight of waste, and date of collection
GENERAL WASTE LINER
51
Highly infectious waste must be
disinfected at source
52
Anatomical waste should be disposed through
safe burial or cremation
53
Pathological waste must be__ if not collected or treated within 24 hours
refrigerated
54
Sharps must be ____ or ____ before they are transported to the landfill
shredded or crushed
55
Chemical and pharmaceutical wastes shall be
segregated and collected separately
56
Radioactive waste has to be _________ to background radiation levels
decayed
57
All waste bins must be properly covered to prevent
cross contamination
58
Aerosol containers can be collected with
general wastes
59
Thermal decomposition of health care wastes in the absence of supplied molecular oxygen in the destruction chamber where the said waste is converted into gaseous, liquid, or solid form.
Pyrolysis
60
Use of steam sterilization to render waste harmless
Autoclave
61
Incorporates some type of size reduction device Shredding of wastes is done before disinfection
Microwave
62
waste is exposed to microwaves that raise the temperature to
100*C for at least 30 mins
63
Chemical like sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, peroxyacetic acid, and heated alkali are added to health care wastes to kill or inactivate present pathogen
Chemical disinfection
64
Uses an enzyme mixture to decontaminate health care wastes Resulting by-product is put through an extruder to remove water for wastewater disposal Suited for large applications
Biological Process
65
Filling of containers with waste, adding and immobilizing material, and sealing the containers Process uses either cubic boxes made of high-density polyethylene or metallic drums, that are three-quarters filled with sharps or chemicals, or pharmaceutical residues
Encapsulation
66
Suitable for pharmaceutical waste that involves the mixing of waste with cement and other substances before disposal The packaging is removed, the pharmaceuticals are grounded, and a mixture of water, lime, and cement is added.
Inertization

MT101 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions