Health, Disease and Medicine Flashcards
define health
Physical mental and social well-being
define disease
a disorder of body or mind that affects an individuals health
what are two types of diseases
Communicable
Non-communicable
what is a communicable disease
-caused by a pathogen
-passed on directly between individuals
define pathogen
a disease causing microbe
what is a non-communicable disease
cannot be transmitted between individuals
caused by lifestyle, environment etc.
what are example of the body’s physical defence system
Skin
Blood clotting
Mucus
what are the body’s chemical defence system
Tears
Stomach acid(Hydrochloric)
what is the immune system
body’s defence against pathogens once they have entered the body
aims to prevent or minimise disease caused by pathogens
what do lymphocytes do
Produce antibodies in response to an antigen
store memory of these antibodies incase of re-infection
what is an antibiotic
a substance that kills or inhibits the growth of bacteria
no effects in cells in host organism
what are the stages of drug development
1) Screening for potential drugs
2) Preclinical trials
3) Clinical trials
4) Approval by a medical agency
what is a blind trial
patient doesn’t know wether they are receiving a placebo or the new drug
what is a double blind trial
neither patient or doctor know wether patient is receiving a placebo or new drug
what are example of non communicable diseases
cancer
diabetes
cardiovascular disease
asthma
