Health Final Flashcards
(85 cards)
1
Q
What is a person who studies or is an expert in nutrition?
A
Nutritionist
2
Q
What is a specialist in the branch of medicine concerned with the study and treatment of disorders and diseases of the eye
A
Opthalmologist
3
Q
What is a medical practitioner specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders
A
Dermatologist
4
Q
What is a medical specialist in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the nervous system
A
Neurologist
5
Q
What is a doctor of internal medicine
A
Internist
6
Q
What is a doctor who treats cancer and provides medical care for a person diagnosed with cancer
A
Oncologist
7
Q
What is a healthcare provider who specialize in diagnosing, treating and managing diseases that affect the blood
A
Hematologist
8
Q
What is a physician who interprets and diagnoses the changes caused by disease in tissues and body fluids
A
Pathologist
9
Q
What medical meaning refers to the head
A
Cephal
10
Q
What is the prefix that means heart
A
Cardio-
11
Q
What is a suffix means “diseased condition”
A
-iasis
12
Q
What is a prefix that means “heat”
A
Therm-, or Thermo-
13
Q
What refers to a tumor
A
-oma
14
Q
What means inflammation
A
-itis
15
Q
What refers to the bones
A
Osteo-
16
Q
What refers to the stomach
A
Gastro-
17
Q
What means “hard”
A
Scler-, or Sclero-
18
Q
What refers to the lungs
A
Pnuemo-
19
Q
What means “science” or “study”
A
-logy
20
Q
What refers to the liver
A
hepat-, or hepato-
21
Q
What refers to the muscles
A
my-, or myo-
22
Q
What refers to the nervous system
A
neuro-
23
Q
What are drugs that slow down brain activity, often producing feelings of tranquility or sleepiness
A
Depressants
24
Q
Name the depressants
A
Alcohol
barbiturates
benzodiazepines
Valium
Rohypnol
25
What are drugs that are derived from the hemp (marijuana) plant
Cannabinoids
26
Name the cannabinoids
Marijuana
THC
Hashish
Sinsemilla
27
What are drugs which speed up the activity of the central nervous system
Stimulants
28
Name the Stimulants
Cocaine
Crack
Amphetamines
Methamphetamine
29
What are drugs that relieve pain and may produce euphoria and drowsiness
Narcotics
30
Name the narcotics
Opiates
Opium
Morphine
Codeine
Heroin
Opioids
31
What are volatile household chemicals or other substances that some people use to “get high” by inhaling concentrated vapor
Inhalants
32
Name the Inhalants
Gasoline
Glue
Fingernail polish remover
Solvents
33
What are drugs that mimic the muscle-stimulating effects of the male hormone testosterone; used medically to treat certain hormone deficiencies but commonly abused as well
Anabolic Steroids
34
What are drugs that produce hallucinations
Hallucinogens
35
Name the hallucinogens
LSD
MDMA
PCP
Ketamine
36
What is a medicine that causes loss of feeling; described as either local or general
anesthetic
37
What is a medicine that reduces the sensation of pain but does not cause loss of other skin senses (touch, pressure, and temperature)
analgesic
38
What is the higher blood pressure that occurs when the ventricles of the heart contract
systolic pressure
39
What is the lower blood pressure that occurs while the heart is resting between beats
diastolic pressure
40
What is the enlargement of muscles through use
hypertrophy
41
What is the wasting away or degeneration of muscles caused by lack of use
atrophy
42
What is the tough outermost layer of the eye; the white of the eye
sclera
43
Describing a tumor whose cells show no tendency to spread throughout the body
benign
44
What is a condition in which a drug user becomes unable to function normally without a drug
dependence
45
What is a phenomenon in which a drug user requires more and more of a drug to reach a “high”
tolerance
46
What is the thick bundle of nerve fibers, located within the spinal cavity, through which the brain communicates with the body
spinal cord
47
What is a substance that alters the function of the body in some way
drug
48
What is the proportion of nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and fiber compared to the number of calories the food contains
nutrient density
49
What is the movement of blood from the heart through the body (except the lungs) and back
systemic circulation
50
What is the flow of blood between the heart and the lungs
pulmonary circulation
51
What is an injury in which the skin is not broken but blood vessels under the skin are broken, causing a bruise
contusion
52
What is a wound that is caused by a pointed object that pierces the skin
puncture
53
What is a scrape
abrasion
54
What is a cut having a jagged edge
laceration
55
What is a technique that combines artificial respiration with chest compressions (artificial circulation) to keep oxygen-rich blood circulating to the brain and heart
CPR
56
What does RICE stand for
R-est
I-mmobilize
C-old
E-levate
57
What is a large, reddish-brown organ, located in the upper right side of the abdomen just beneath the diaphragm, that carries out a variety of essential functions
liver
58
What is a lymphatic organ located behind the sternum and between the lungs above the heart; the center where immature T cells are matured and “trained” after being produced in the bone marrow
Thymus
59
What is the waterproof protective membrane that covers the outside of the body, protecting the body from drying out and from infection by bacteria and viruses
skin
60
What is a fist-sized organ, located just behind the stomach on the body’s left side, that filters the blood, stores a reserve supply of blood, and functions in the lymphatic system
spleen
61
What are the four glands located on the back surface of the thyroid gland; function with the thyroid gland to regulate the amount of calcium in the blood
parathyroid glands
62
What is an endocrine gland located on the front of the neck, at the junction of the larynx and trachea; secretes hormones that regulate the body’s metabolism
thyroid gland
63
What is the small gland in the center of the brain that regulates the body’s waking and sleeping cycles by secreting the hormone melatonin
pineal gland
64
What is a small endocrine gland, located just below the brain, that secretes a variety of hormones; sometimes called the master gland
pituitary gland
65
What is a condition in which the body temperature is higher than normal
hyperthermia
66
What is a condition in which the body temperature is lower than normal
hypothermia
67
What is a potentially fatal condition that occurs when the body’s blood pressure drops to a critical low as a result of blood loss or dehydration, causing imminent heart failure unless quickly treated
shock
68
What is another name for white blood cells; the “soldiers” of the immune system
leukocytes
69
What are Y-shaped protein molecules, produced by B lymphocytes, that destroy or inactivate pathogens
antibodies
70
What is an organism such as a virus, bacterium, fungus, or protozoan that causes disease
pathogen
71
What are substances produced by bacteria, molds, and other organisms that stop the growth of bacteria; some of the most commonly prescribed medicines
antibiotics
72
What is a substance that stimulates the immune system into developing an acquired immunity to a particular disease
vaccine
73
What is inflammation of the liver
hepatitis
74
What is an inflammation of the linings of the trachea or bronchial tubes
bronchitis
75
What is the body system that consists of endocrine glands and the hormones they manufacture; helps regulate the body’s growth and development and influences most of its functions
endocrine system
76
What system delivers oxygen to and remove excess carbon dioxide from body tissues
respiratory system
77
What system includes the heart, arteries, veins, capillaries, and the blood they contain and transports oxygen and nutrients to body cells and carries away waste products
cardiovascular system
78
What is an unborn child from the 9th week after conception, when the child is distinctly recognizable as a miniature baby, until birth
fetus
79
What is an unborn child in the very early stages of development, from the time the zygote implants itself in the wall of the uterus to the time that the child has a recognizable human shape
embryo
80
What are food substances composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a ratio of approximately 1:2:1; examples include sugars, starches, and cellulose
carbohydrates
81
What is the part of the brain located behind the brain stem and just below the occipital lobe of the cerebrum; helps coordinate skeletal muscle activities
cerebellum
82
What is the largest part of the brain, occupying the upper part of the cranial cavity and responsible for thought, memory, and interpreting sensory information
cerebrum
83
What is high blood pressure; a condition in which the resting blood pressure is 140/90 or higher
hypertension
84
What are intense activities lasting only short periods of time
(anaerobic or aerobic exercises)
anaerobic exercises
85
What are activities such as brisk walking, jogging, swimming, cycling, in-line skating, and other nonstop vigorous exercises that improve the condition of the heart and lungs
aerobic exercise
