Health Science 2.01 Skeletal Test

Question 1

Bones are able to store minerals when our body needs them, name two minerals that the bones store:

Answer 1

Calcium and phosphorous

Question 2

The red marrow of the bone is a site for blood cell formation, what is this function called?

Answer 2

Hemopoiesis

Question 3

What function of the skeletal system uses muscles as an aid?

Answer 3

Movement

Question 4

Give an example of how the skeletal system protects internal organs:

Answer 4

Ribs protect heart and lungs/Skull protects brain

Question 5

What is the soft spot on a newborn babies head called?

Answer 5

Fontanel

Question 6

What are bone forming cells called?

Answer 6

Osteoblasts

Question 7

What do osteoclasts do to bone?

Answer 7

Dissolve and break down old/damaged bone.

Question 8

What does ossification mean?

Answer 8

The process of creating bone. (Minerals replace cartilage)

Question 9

What is the outer covering of bone called?

Answer 9

Periosteum

Question 10

The ends of long bone is called what?

Answer 10

Epiphysis

Question 11

What does the term diaphysis mean?

Answer 11

Shaft or central part of long bone.

Question 12

Describe spongy bone:

Answer 12

Softer, more delicate bone

Question 13

In the center of the long bone is a canal that is filled with yellow bone marrow, what is it called?

Answer 13

Medullary Canal

Question 14

There is a lining inside the marrow canal that keeps it intact, what is this called?

Answer 14

Endosteum

Question 15

There are 4 bone types, name them:

Answer 15

Long, irregular, short, flat

Question 16

Describe the difference between the axial and appendicular skeleton?

Answer 16

Axial has skull, vertebrae, ribs. Appendicular has outer upper and lower extremities.

Question 17

Your thoracic area is protected by what 3 bone structures?

Answer 17

Vertebra, ribs, and sternum.

Question 18

Describe the bones that make up your wrist?

Answer 18

Short bones, 8 small bones arranged in two rows, carpal bones

Question 19

What is the largest bone in your body? What is the second largest bone?

Answer 19

Femur and humerus

Question 20

Name the four types of diarthroses joints:

Answer 20

Ball and socket, hinge, gliding, pivot

Question 21

Describe the difference between amphiarthroses and synarthroses joints:

Answer 21

Amphiarthroses = partially moveable
Synarthroses = immovable

Question 22

Describe the types of motion:
Flexion, Extension, Abduction, Adduction, Circumduction, Rotation, Pronation, Supination

Answer 22

Flexion: Moves two bones closer together
Extension: Increases angle/distance between two bones
Abduction: Away from the midline
Adduction: Toward the midline
Circumduction: Movement in a circular motion
Rotation: Twisting movement of a bone
Pronation: Palms downward or upward
Supination: Palms upward or forward

Question 23

Describe a bone fracture and what symptoms you will see with one:

Answer 23

A break in a bone, causes pain, swelling, and loss of movement

Question 24

Describe four types of fractures: Greenstick, Closed/Simple, Open/Compound,
Comminuted

Answer 24

Greenstick: Partly bent but not fully broken
Closed/simple: Not broken through skin
Open/compound: Broken through skin
Comminuted: Broken in many places; splintered

Question 25

What bone disorder occurs due to aging? Causes stiff, swollen, painful joints due to the cartilage wearing down in the joint?

Answer 25

Osteoarthritis

Question 26

Disorder that causes inflammation and sever pain in the big toe?

Answer 26

Gout

Question 27

Describe three abnormal curvatures of the spine: Kyphosis, Lordosis, Scoliosis

Answer 27

Kyphosis: Hump in thoracic area of spine; hunchback Lordosis: Inward curve of lumbar region of spine; swayback Scoliosis: Side to side curve of spine.

Question 28

What disorder causes the bone to become weaker and more likely to break during a fall?

Answer 28

Osteoporosis