Healthcare Organization

Question 1

Give some examples of primary prevention

Answer 1

educate individuals, families, and populations on topics such as the importance of nutrition, exercise, dental hygiene, prenatal care, immunizations, and smoking cessation

Question 2

Give some examples of secondary prevention

Answer 2

perform risk assessments for healthy people who have risk factors for specific diseases such as coronary artery disease and diabetes; then work with the client to develop and implement a risk reduction plan

Question 3

Give an example of tertiary prevention

Answer 3

Refer a client with a new urostomy to an RN ostomy management specialist to learn how to care for and improve life with an ostomy.

Question 4

Where is primary care typically delivered?

Answer 4

1. physician’s offices
2. hospital-based clinics
3. community health centers
4. public health service organizations

Question 5

Where is secondary care typically delivered?

Answer 5

1. hospital
2. outpatient surgical center
3. specialist’s office

Question 6

Where is tertiary care typically given?

Answer 6

1. hospital
2. acute care facility
3. rehabilitation center
4. extended care facility

Question 7

What populations have a bigger risk for difficulty with health literacy?

Answer 7

1. elderly adults
2. lower socioeconomic status
3. lower education attainment

Question 8

Why would someone with an acute illness have an issue with health literacy and what are some ways to combat it?

Answer 8

The client requires all resources and energy to cope with illness.

The nurse should defer teaching until the client is less ill

Question 9

Why would someone with pain have an issue with health literacy and what are some ways to combat it?

Answer 9

Pain decreases the ability to concentrate.

Conduct a pain assessment before teaching

Question 10

Why would a new prognosis create a barrier to health literacy and how would a nurse combat it?

Answer 10

The client can be preoccupied with illness and unable to concentrate on new information.

Defer teaching to a better time

Question 11

Why would emotions create a barrier to health literacy and how would a nurse combat it?

Answer 11

Emotions require energy and distract from learning.

Deal with emotions and possible misinformation first

Question 12

Why would older adults have a barrier to health literacy and how would a nurse combat it?

Answer 12

Vision, hearing, and motor control can be impaired in older adults.

Consider sensory and motor deficits, and adapt teaching plan as needed

Question 13

Why would children have a barrier to health literacy and how would a nurse combat it?

Answer 13

Children have a shorter attention span and vocabulary differences

Consider sensory and motor deficits, and adapt teaching plan as needed

Question 14

What is the framework for managed care?

Answer 14

1. method of organized care delivery that emphasizes cost-effective quality care
2. focuses on decreased costs and improves outcomes for groups of clients
3. diagnosis-related groups establish fees according to diagnoses

Question 15

What are the advantages of managed care?

Answer 15

1. care of the client is carefully planned

2. costs for services are predetermined

Question 16

What is the framework for case management?

Answer 16

1. multidisciplinary teams assist clients and families to access necessary resources in timely manner while managing and allocating available resources
2. overall goal is to provide service delivery approach
3. case manager may or may not provide direct care
4. clients experience continuity of care

Question 17

What are the advantages of case management?

Answer 17

1. client supported by a variety of healthcare providers
2. increased access to care
3. collaborative responsibility

Question 18

What is the disadvantage to case management?

Answer 18

Possibly poor communication among healthcare team members

Question 19

What is the framework for client-focused care?

Answer 19

1. all services and care providers brought to the client

2. requires cross-training of healthcare personnel

Question 20

What is the advantage of client-focused care?

Answer 20

services are closer to the client

Question 21

What is the disadvantage of client-focused care?

Answer 21

May have increasing costs to client or client’s insurance plan

Question 22

What is functional nursing?

Answer 22

1. healthcare divided among functional lines
2. task requiring least skill done by least skilled worker
3. Client not assigned to specific nurse
4. Utilizes UAP

Question 23

What is the advantage of functional nursing?

Answer 23

cost efficiency and centralization of control

Question 24

What is the disadvantage of functional nursing?

Answer 24

overlooks nursing care that cannot be easily quantified

Question 25

What are the barriers to access to healthcare?

Answer 25

1. access to healthcare 2. lack of health insurance 3. lack of usual sources of care 4. perceptions of need 5. uneven distribution of services

Question 26

What geographical populations get underserved healthcare?

Answer 26

1. rural 2. impoverished 3. shortage of primary care professionals 4. serious distribution problems (uneven distribution and increased specialization) 5. lack of healthcare professionals and services inn remote and rural areas 6. high number of nurses per capita in New England states; lowest number in Southwest 7. Specialization (fragmentation of care and increased costs)

Question 27

What is the purpose of the health care and education reconciliation act?

Answer 27

1. insurance companies are no longer able to deny coverage to children based on preexisting conditions 2. insurance companies will be prevented from dropping clients who become ill

Question 28

What are some examples of resource allocation?

Answer 28

1. rationing 2. The organ procurement and transplantation network 3. H1N1 vaccine distribution

Question 29

What does uninsured mean?

Answer 29

1. no insurance at all 2. Do not qualify for public insurance programs 3. cannot buy health insurance

Question 30

What does underinsured mean?

Answer 30

Insufficient coveerage

Question 31

What does the inability to afford mean?

Answer 31

1. individuals unable to negotiate better rates with providers 2. seek less care, care later in the disease process

Question 32

Why is health insurance critical for children?

Answer 32

1. need to be healthy for school 2. need well-child visits for sports/school 3. More likely to have a usual source of care 4. More likely to have access to preventative care 5. Get the healthcare services they need 6. Will help close the racial disparities gap 7. Helps improve social and emotional development

Question 33

Why is the affordable care act affect children favorably?

Answer 33

prevents insurance companies from denying because of preexisting conditions, and dropping insured individuals or their dependents due to the onset of serious illness

Question 34

What is the perception of need?

Answer 34

The perceived need that may affect a person's decision to access healthcare systems

Question 35

How does the perception of need affect the ability of someone to access healthcare?

Answer 35

When the need arises with the inability to obtain care, the care is perceived as difficult to access and it results in delays in getting care

Question 36

Why does rationing occur?

Answer 36

1. when individuals decide to provide self-care rather than seeking care from a provider 2. insurance companies limiting the number of healthcare providers patients can choose from and denying coverage for certain services 3. Government rations by inclusion of coverage gap in Medicare Plan D (beneficiaries might have to purchase fewer prescriptions)