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Healthy Aging Flashcards

(59 cards)

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1
Q

Healthy aging

A

Process of developing, maintaining, and improving functional abilities, independence, QOL, and transitions

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2
Q

Productive Aging

A

An older adults ability to participate in social roles including employment, civic engagement, education, health management, and LTC services

Emphasis on inclusion in social/economic activities to enhance aging outcomes

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3
Q

Successful aging

A

Traditionally, low probability of disease or disease related disability, increased cognitive and physical functional capacity, and engagement in life

Older adults define it in areas of spirituality, financially, environmentally, socially, and psychologically

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4
Q

Biological theories of aging

A

Molecular, cellular, and organism level, genetics

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5
Q

Psychological theories of aging

A

Explains behavioral changes that occur focusing on client factors, performance patterns, performance skills

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6
Q

Sociological theories of aging

A

Social aspects of aging process, focusing on social structures, institutions, and interactions influencing people’s experiences, roles in society

Aging in the context it occurs in

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7
Q

Interventions for well being of older adults

A

Incorporating health behaviors into routines and teaching coping strategies and opportunities to practices skills over an extended period of time

Nutrition, medication management, regular exercise

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8
Q

Well being

A

Presence of positive emotions/moods, absence of negative emotions, satisfaction with life, fulfillment, and positive functioning

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9
Q

8 elements of wellbess

A

Emotional
Environmental
Financial
Intellectual
Occupational
Physical
Social
Spiritual

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10
Q

Health promotion

A

Process if enabling people to increase control over and improve their health

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11
Q

Disease prevention: Primary Prevention

A

Education or health promotion efforts to prevent onset and decrease incidences of unhealthy conditions

Beneficial to individuals with conditions and general population

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12
Q

Primary prevention interventions

A

1) ID, reduce, or eliminate risk factors
2) modify physical/social environment
3)increased nutrition education, meal planning/prep
4)increased physical activity via leisure education
5) smoking cessation
6) health screening

Workplace injury prevention
Self management, socioemotional skills
Conflict resolution
Parenting skills
Health literacy
Fall prevention

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13
Q

Secondary level prevention

A

Screening, early detection i.e. long handled mirror for skin check and intervention after onset

Limiting secondary conditions

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14
Q

Tertiary level prevention

A

Designed to prevent progression of disease

Advocacy, self sufficiency, full participation

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15
Q

Secondary prevention interventions

A

Education on eating habits and activity levels secondary to disability due to obesity/mobility limitations
Stress management and adaptive coping strategies
Osteoporosis mgmt and fall prevention

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16
Q

Tertiary prevention interventions

A

Transitional independent living skills
Leisure participation groups to improve socialization and QOL
Social participation in activities at a drop in center
Stroke support groups for survivors/caregivers focusing on occupational engagement to reduce caregiver burden

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17
Q

Lifestyle Redesign

A

Preventative OT promoting awareness of relationship between everyday occupations and gealth

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18
Q

5 characteristics of life style redesign

A

1) narrative reasoning
2) collaborative problem solving
3) occupational self analysis
4) autonomy
5) enhancing occupations, performance patterns

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19
Q

Capable program

A

Community aging in place: client-centered promoting aging in place and decreased disability among older adults

Home visits across 4 months with 4 nurse visits and 6 OT visits, $1300 for home repairs

65+ years old

$3000 pp saves $30000 in readmissions

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20
Q

Interventions promoting socialization

A

Group or individual format
Peer exchanges, personal exploration, addressing participation difficulties, adapting activities, exploring transportation options, occupation based goals setting

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21
Q

Community based OT

A

Interventions at community level to promote health and wellness, productive aging

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22
Q

Characteristics of community health paradigm

A

Client centered
Evidence based
Ecologically sound
Occupation based
Dynamic systems theories
Strength based

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23
Q

HOPE Questinnaire

A

Open ended questions to explore spirituality and other support systems
H = source of hope
O= organized religion
P= personal spirituality and practices
E= effects on end of life and medical care

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24
Q

Systems of belief inventory

Study These Flashcards
A

Self-administered questionnaire to measure spiritual and religious practices, beliefs, and social supports sharing similar beliefs

25
Spiritual distress
The distress of self, nature, or power greater than one’s self -onset of life threatening d/s can challenge person’s spirituality and cause a disturbance in one belief systems -results in anger, hopelessness, lack of peace
26
Signs of spiritual distress
Asking questions about meaning of life Questioning your own belief system Questioning pain and sufferings Bad thoughts or negative self talk Feelings of anger, despair, sadness, depression, anxiety, feeling alone/abandoned by GOD Feeling lost Difficulty falling asleep Seeking spiritual or religious guidance
27
Interventions for religious distress
Diary/keep journal Connecting with spiritual/religious beliefs
28
Benefits of spiritual and religious beliefs
Decreased depression/anxiety Decreased feelings of isolation/loneliness Help cope with effects of illness and treatment Increased ability to enjoy life Find meaning Improve health
29
Common difficulties of sleep in older adults
Trouble falling asleep Waking up Shorter sleep time Not feeling rested Needing to nap Disrupted sleep More shallow sleep stages
30
Sleep medications effects
Increase daytime fatigue, sleepiness, falls, and decreased cognitive function, decreased sleep duration, trouble falling asleep, trouble staying asleep, increased ER visits
31
Non-pharmaceutical sleep interventions
Relaxation techniques Stress management Daily physical activity Education on + sleep habits Sleep diaries Nutrition Cognitive therapy Cognitive behavioral interventions
32
Cognitive behavioral interventions for sleep
Progressive muscle relaxation Meditation Guided imagery Health education Sleep hygiene education Sleep diaries Group problem solving Computerized training/didactic class Cognitive restructuring Mind body relationships Across 7 weeks and 3 month consultation
33
Effects of poor sleep
Obesity, inactivity, cigarette smoking Increased risk of chronic conditions: heart attack, stroke, asthma, COPD
34
Pittsburgh sleep quality index
Sleep routine, sleep quality self report
35
Epworth sleepiness scale
Assesses experience of excessive sleepiness
36
Unsafe driving in older adults
Come from vision impairment, cognitive impairment, side effects or medication, slower reaction time, muscular difficulties, limited ROM Seniors have fewer crashes but are more likely to be injured/killed Greater risk than self Will benefit from education on optimal vehicle fit to benefit from safety features
37
OTs role in assisting older drivers
Advocate with policymakers ADL assessment to determine if an older driver will benefit from driving specialist Clinical and on road driving assessment and treatment plans Modifying driving habits, AE in automobile Ease seniors through possible transition to other transportation
38
Augmentative mobility
All means of locomotion that supplement ambulation
39
Certified driver rehab specialist
Individual who meets educational and experiential requirements and successfully completed the certification exam with association of driver rehab specialist
40
Driver rehab specialist
Specialists who plans, develops, coordinates, and implements driver rehab services (evaluating/training in driving/safe transportation)
41
Community mobility
Moving self in community and using private and public transportation such as driving or accessing buses, taxis, or public transportation systems, traffic safety
42
Driver educator
Professional with college degree in education with specialized study in driver education or traffic safety
43
Driver safety
Operation of motorized vehicle with or without AE to travel in a safe manner in coordination with other drivers on public roadway
44
Driver instructor
Required by many states, individual with HS degree and clean driving record, completed driver education training program and licensed by state MVC
45
Ecological validity
Degree to which standardized test results can be used to generalize and predict an individual’s performance in a naturalistic environment
46
Environmental scanning
Process of analyzing trends that allows decision-makers both to understand the external environment and the interconnections of its various sectors and to translate into planning and decision making processes
47
Operational demands of driving
Basic control of a motorized vehicle such as steering, acceleration, and braking functions
48
Strategic demands of driving
Highest level of the 3 demands; involves judgment, planning, and foresight such as choosing to reschedule trip due to a snowstorm
49
Tactical demands of driving
Ongoing decisions made while interacting with traffic while driving such as time/space, judgment of a safe gap for L turn
50
Assessment areas of driving rehab
Vision: acuity, ocular ROM, saccades, convergence/divergence, depth perception Physical: UE ROM, LE ROM, ROM of head, neck, trunk, muscle tone, endurance, coordination, sensation, break reaction Cognitive: clock drawing test, MMSE, judgment, rule of the toad
51
Driving intervention: Education
1) AARP 55-alive mature driver education program 2) CarFit program-educate older adults about the safety features of their vehicles and strategies improv personal fit to these safety features 3) driving restrictions (not at night) 4) driving cessation and caregiver education: at the crossroads: family conversations about Alzheimer’s Disease, dementia and driving
52
Driving intervention: cognitive perceptual training
Assess when driving cessation is needed, computer based cognitive speed of processing training use field of view (R hemisphere stroke) decrease at fault crashes visual tracking, visual selective attention, dual attention, video based hazard perception training Limited evidence regarding prisms, bioptic telescopic lens
53
Driving intervention: physical fitness
Graduated exercise program with focus on axial and extremity conditioning, coordination, strength Leads to fewer critical errors in behind the wheel assessment, no assessment on effectiveness in reducing crash Beneficial for physical and cognitive perceptual approach
54
Driving intervention: simulator training
Decreased use in clinical intervention and research due to cost and simulator sickness Positive simulator training and active personalized feedback improved identification of peripheral hazards, receptiveness in changing driving behaviors, improved anticipation/perception of signs, visual scanning, and L turns
55
Driving intervention: behind the wheel training
Based on coaching, emphasis on approaching and navigating hazards decreases crash risk
56
Impact of driving cessation
Relationship with depressive symptoms secondary to loss of personal identity and independence experienced with driving cessation, increased rates of isolation
57
Interventions for driving cessation
Find community resources that promote social engagement, develop coping mechanisms, education on alternative transportation
58
Working older adult
18% of 65+ work full time Volunteering leads to meaning and social/civic engagmenet Interventions: environmental modifications, environmental adaptations, and health promotion strategies
59
Productive Aging framework
Based on specific needs of older adults and communities, OT prioritizes health promotion interventions Strategies for aging in place Promote community mobility and driving Support engagement in work and civic life

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